Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a syndrome, the causes of which are rarely on the surface. It is characterized by the presence of intrusive thoughts (obsessions), where a person indulges in singing deeds (compulsions).

Obsessiya (lat. obsessio - "siege") - a thought or a bazhannya, like a constant splintering in the mind. Dumku qiu is important to control chi pozbutisa її, and tse viklikaє strong stress.

Expanding intrusive ideas (obsessions) with DKR є:

• fear of infection (in the wild, viruses, microbes, biological germs, excrement of chemicals);
• fighting against the drive of possible inconveniences (for example, the fear of being robbed and internal, for example, the fear of losing control and getting into trouble with someone close to you);
• transcendental anxiety about accuracy, order or symmetry;
• sexual thoughts chi image.

Mayzhe kozhen vіdchuvav such intrusive thoughts. However, a person from DKR is restless in the face of such thoughts going wild. And in order to get rid of too much anxiety, a person is often embarrassed to go into some kind of “diyam, what to protect, - compulsions” (Latin compello - “mush”).

Compulsions in DKR are often made up of rituals. Tse dії, yakі people repeat again and again at the same intrusive idea to reduce the risk of shkodi. Compulsion can be physical (for a check-up of non-one-time re-verification, chi closed doors) or mental (like a singing phrase in the mind). For example, you can use Wim’s special phrase, such as “to protect the common types of death” (it’s called “neutralization”).

Significant in the syndrome of DCR are compulsions in seemingly endless rewiring (for example, gas taps), mental rituals (special words or prayers that are repeated in the established order), rahunok.

The biggest increase is the fear of infection with microbes among the most intrusive mites and selections. Through the fear of being infected, people go to the rich: do not stick around the door handles, sit on the toilet, uniquely shake hands. It is typical that with DCR syndrome, a person stops washing hands not only if the stench is clean, but only if you feel relieved or if you need it.

The unique behavior is the central part of the DKR, it includes:

1. pragnennya avoid situations that call out a little anxiety;
2. the need to overcome intrusive actions.

Obsessive-compulsive neurosis can cause a lot of problems, it sounds like you are accompanied by rubbish, you can almost blame depression. Illness creates chaos in human minds and flows into the practice. For the tribute of the WHO, DKR, up to a dozen illnesses are included, which lead to waste of practice. People with DCR syndrome do not seek professional help, so they can be ashamed, afraid, or not know what kind of illness they are receiving, incl. non-drug.

What does the DKR call

Regardless of the immeasurable results, assigned to the DKR, it is impossible to say unequivocally that it was the main reason for the destruction. For the whole camp, they can show both physiological factors (destruction of the chemical balance in nerve cells), and psychological ones. Let's take a look at them.

Genetics

Studies have shown that DKR can be transmitted through the generations to close relatives who look more agile to the development of sickly obtrusive states.

The study of the problem on grown-up twins showed that the disorder was peacefully recessive, the proteoden gene was not identified as such a state. However, the genes that could play their role in the development of DCR: hSERT and SLC1A1 deserve special respect.

The task of the hSERT gene is the selection of the “prepared” serotonin in nerve fibers. Let's guess, the neurotransmitter serotonin is necessary for the transmission of impulses in neurons. It has been reported that non-primary hSERT mutations in some patients with obsessive-compulsive disorders are confirmed. As a result of these mutations, the gene starts to work quickly, picking up all the serotonin before the advancing nerve “feels” a signal.

SLC1A1 is another gene that could be attributed to the culprit of obsessive-compulsive disorder. The cei gene is similar to hSERT, but it also includes the transport of another neurotransmitter - glutamate.

Autoimmune reaction

Deyakі vpadki shvidky viniknennia DKR in children can buti late streptococcal infection of Group A, which indicates inflammation of the dysfunction of the basal ganglia. These disorders are grouped in clinical settings, they are called PANDAS (pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders, associated with streptococcal infection).

One more follow up allowed, that the episodic vindication of DCC is explained not by streptococcal infection, but, more likely, by prophylactic antibiotics, which are prescribed for the treatment of infections. DCC can also be associated with immunological reactions to other pathogens.

neurological problems

Methods of visualization of the brain allowed the children to visualize the activity of specific areas of the brain. It has been shown that the activity of certain parts of the brain in patients with DKR may be inactive. Get to the symptoms of DCC є:

• orbitofrontal cortex;
• anterior belt zvivina;
• swarthy body;
• thalamus;
• caudate the nucleus;
• basal ganglia.

Lanciug, which includes visceral areas of regulation of primitive behavioral aspects, such as aggression, sexuality and corporeal vision. Activation of the lancet launches an alert behavior, for example, a mitt mitt after contact is unacceptable. At the norm, after the necessary act, the bazhanya changes, so that the person stops waving his hands and moves on to another occupation.

However, in patients with a diagnosis of DCC, the brain recognizes some difficulties with the exclusion and ignorance of the positives of the lancer, which creates communication problems in these blinds of the brain. Obsessions and compulsions continue, leading to a repetition of the singing behavior.

The nature of this problem has not yet been understood, ale-won, sing-song, is connected with damaged biochemistry of the brain, we spoke about it earlier (lowered activity of serotonin and glutamate).

Causes of DKD in terms of behavioral psychology

According to one of the fundamental laws of behavioral psychology, the repetition of that second behavioral act is easier in the wake of yoga nadal.

People with DKD syndrome are only timid that they try to make unique speeches that create fear, “struggle” with thoughts or create “rituals” to change anxiety. Such actions reduce fear at the same time, but in a paradoxical manner, zgіdno z sounded by a higher law, increase the immovability of the appearance of an obtrusive behavior nadal.

Look out that the cause of obsessive-compulsive disorder is unique. The uniqueness of the object of fear, the duty to endure yoga, can lead to summation.

The greatest shills before the vindication of pathology are people, like rebuying at a stressful stage: starting a new job, completing a blueprint, suffering through a change. For example, a man, as if you were always calmly corssing with huge vowels, with a rapt at the beginning of the stress, you begin to “twist” yourself, saying, sitting on the toilet bowl, and it’s not safe to take sickness ... Dali, for association, you can spread fear sya and other similar objects: showers and etc.

As a person who is unique in huge toilets, or else to begin folding cleansing rituals (cleaning the seat, door handles with a distant strapping procedure of the mitt of the hands) as a substitute for getting into fear, then you can turn into a development of a right phobia.

Cognitive causes of DCC

The behavioral theory, described above, explains the blame for pathology by “wrong” behavior, just as the cognitive theory explains the blame for DKR, it’s not right to misinterpret your thoughts.

For most people, nebazhany or intrusive thoughts blame a few times a day, but all who suffer from discord greatly outweigh the importance of these thoughts.

For example, on the aphids of a woman, like a child growing up, they can periodically think about the conquest of their little one. Greater, zvichayno, in the face of similar intrusiveness, ignoring them. People who suffer on DKR, overdo the importance of thoughts and react to them, like a threat: “Am I really good at this raptom?!”

The woman begins to think that she can become a threat to the child, and she calls out her anxiety and other negative emotions, so like an ogida, almost blame that rubbish.

The fear of one’s own thoughts can be brought to the point of trying to neutralize negative feelings, which one blames on obsessions, for example, unique situations, which calls out obvious thoughts, or taking part in the “rituals” of superworldly self-purification and prayer.

As we have designated earlier, the behavior is unique, which is repeated, it can “get stuck”, mother trend before repetition. It appears that the cause of obsessive-compulsive disorder is the interpretation of intrusive thoughts as catastrophic and true.

The survivors admit that they suffer from OCD to give more meaning to thoughts through pardons, ending in childhood. Among them:

• perebіlšen vіdpovіdalnіst: perekonanіst іn thе person wіll carry аll-duty vіdpoіdalіnіnі for the safety of іnshih people аbо shkoda, yak vin zavdaє;
• faith in the materiality of thoughts: reconciliation among others, that negative thoughts can “buzz” and lead other people and can be under control;
• more than a little bit of insecurity: shillnіst reevaluate the imovіrnіst of insecurity;
• Perebіlsheny perfectionizm: perekonanіst in that, scho everything can be ideal and forgiveness is unacceptable.

Navkolishne middle, distress

Stress and psychological trauma can trigger the process of DKR in people who may be able to develop their skills. Studies of grown-up twins have brought that obsessive-compulsive neurosis in 53-73% of cases is due to the unacceptable plethora of the nasty middle.

Statistical data confirm the fact that the majority of people with symptoms of DCC suffered a stressful or traumatic experience in life before the onset of illness. Such podії can also viklikati potentiate already clearly show discord. The axis of the list is the most traumatic factors of dovkill:

• nasty reason for that violence;
• change of life;
• ailment;
• death of a member of this friend;
• change some problems at school and work;
• problems in the sights.

What is the progression of the DKR

For an effective treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder, knowing the reasons that called pathology is not so important. It is more important to understand the mechanisms that support the DKR. The very same is the key to the bottom of the problem.

Unique and compulsive rituals

Obsessive-compulsive discord is supported by a vicious stake: obtrusiveness, anxiety and restlessness on the viklikan.

Shchoraz, if a person is unique in the situation, or else, his behavior "closes" in the appearance of a neuronal lancet in the brain. Coming once again in a similar situation, I will do the same rank, which means I will again miss the chance to reduce the intensity of my neurosis.

Compulsions are also fixed. The person feels less anxious after the fact that she misunderstood that it was light. Otzhe, vin so very diyatme and in the future.

The uniqueness of that impulsive mind “practices”: ailments I think that shkodi has saved, but I feel a little anxiety. But in the future, the stench will create more anxiety and fear, more obsession.

Perebіlshennya svoїh possibilites and "magic" myslennia

People from the DKR need to outdo their own ability to bring the building into the world. Vіrit believe in your power viklikati chi zabіgti filthy podіyam by the power of thought. "Magic" thoughts transfer faith to those who celebrate certain special events, rituals, zabobiga schos nebazhane (similar to zaboboni).

Tse give the possibility of people to see the illusion of comfort, no more can I spit on the bottom and control over the one that comes. As a rule, ailments, if you feel calmer, perform rituals more and more often, in order to cause neurosis to progress.

Overworld concentration on thoughts

Tse means a step of importance, like a person nada invading thoughts and images. Here it is important to understand, intrusive thoughts and sumniv - often absurd and protilezhny to what a person wants to rob - they appear at the skin! In the 1970s, the past few years conducted experiments in which they asked people with DCC syndrome to overcome their obtrusive thoughts without disturbing them. There were no casualties among the thoughts, as they recorded insulting groups of the last ones - with illnesses and without it.

The actual substitute for obtrusive thoughts comes from the values ​​of a person: speeches, which are the most important for her. Thoughts represent the greatest fears of specialness. So, for example, if a mother ever worries about a healthy child, then life will be the most valuable for her, and she will be in disgrace, as it will become filthy with her. That's why the thoughts about the fall of a child's mothers are intrusive.

It is obvious to those who, with an obsessive-compulsive disorder, have serious thoughts more often than not. Ale tse comes through too great significance, as they attribute ailments to thoughts. Adja is not a secret: the more respect you give to your intrusive thoughts, the worse the stink is. Healthy people can simply ignore intrusiveness and not concentrate their respect on them.

Reassessment of insecurity and intolerance to insignificance

Another important aspect is the overestimation of the unsafe situation and the underestimation of one's own building capacity to get into it. A lot of patients, like they are suffering on the DKR, vvazhayut that they are guilty of the nobility singly, that it won’t become filthy. Їх ROC is a kind of absolute insurance policy. They think that they will try hard and perform more rituals and insure themselves more often, they will take away more responsibility. Indeed, great efforts are made to reduce the amount of sumniviv and the aggravation of almost insignificance.

Perfectionism

Deyakі rіznоvidі DKR pripuskayut perekonannya, scho vzhdi іsnuє іdealne sіshennya, sіd robiti all аbsolutely, і sо the least pardon mаtima sereznі naslіdki. It often chirps in people with DKD to keep order, and is especially common in people who suffer from anorexia nervosa.

Looping

It seems that fear has big eyes. Іsnuyuet typical ways to "wind up" yourself, with your own hands to alleviate anxiety:

• "Everything is greedy!" ‒ means a tendency to describe it as “zhahlivy”, “nightmare” and “throw the world”. T_lki zmushuє podіyu zdavatis more terrible.
• "Catastrophe!" - means the recognition of a catastrophe as a single possible result. The thought that it will become catastrophic obov'yazkovo, so as not to be afraid of this.
• Low tolerance to the point of disappointment - if, be it, praise is accepted as “unbearable” or “intolerant”.

With DKR, a person on the back of his head will not let himself go into the camp of extreme anxiety through his obsessions, then we will try to get in line with them, ignoring or violating intrusive deeds. As we know, this behavior itself increases the frequency of the appearance of intrusiveness.

Lіkuvannya DKR

Studies show that psychotherapy actually helps 75% of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Іsnuє two main ways of exaltation of neurosis: faces and psychotherapy. So stinks can zastosovuvatisya spilno.

Tim is not less, non-drug treatment is better; Psychotherapy has no side effects on the body and may have a greater lasting effect. Faces can be recommended as a cure, as a neurosis is serious, or as a short-term attack, for relief of symptoms, while you are still starting a course of psychotherapy.

For the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder, cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy (CPT), short-line strategic psychotherapy, as well as

Exposure - controlled by zіtknennya zі fear - zastosovuєtsya and in Lіkuvanni DKR.

The first effective psychological method of combating DKR was the technique of confrontation with parallel strangulation of an anxious reaction. Її the essence of pogaє at the relatively dosed zіtknennі zі fears and obtrusive thoughts, but without a resounding reaction uniqueness. As a result, the patient progressively calls to them, and fears begin to descend again.

However, one does not feel able to go through such a process, so the technique was thoroughly developed for the help of CBT, as it focuses on changing the meaning of intrusive thoughts and spontaneously (cognitive part), as well as changing the reaction to spontaneous (behavioral part) on).

The skin from the mind of the psychotherapeutic methods of likuvannya damage helps to overcome the cycle of obtrusiveness, anxiety and unique reactions. It doesn't matter how much the psychotherapist concentrates on fainting meanings, like people give their thoughts and thoughts to further rationalization of alternative reactions to them. Otherwise, the main respect will be given to the reduction of discomfort due to the scrolling of obsessions. Otherwise, it will be necessary to renew the building unseen, filtering intrusive thoughts even before the stench penetrates the svіdomy rіven.

All the way to complete relief from the symptoms of a person who suffers from OCD, perhaps in the minds that are most comfortable for him.

(DKR)

What is obsessive-compulsive disorder?

obsessive compulsive disorder(short. DKR) - tse mental discord, which is characterized by the appearance of fleeting thoughts and fears (obsessions), like zmushuyut people zdіysnyuvaty nії dії (compulsions), scho zavazha all-round activity and vibrating the camp of increased tension.

Illnesses can be healed and ignored, and the sound of intrusive thoughts, but only more stress and anxiety. I’m sorry, people, you know that zmusheni zdiisnyuvat compulsive actions, to try to ease the tension that is moving. Don't care if you try to ignore obsessions, or you will be spared them, ailments will continue to turn to them. Tse lead to the strengthening of the ritual behavior - it is formed viciously around the DKR.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder is often associated with some of the most common topics, for example, the fear of being infected with viruses or bacteria. In order to get stuck with the fear of confusion, a person can obsessively mitigate his hands, the docks of the shkir do not catch fire and do not shake.

Causes of factorial risk of DKR

The causes of obsessive-compulsive disorder are not yet known. The main theories of yoga development include:

• biochemistry. DCC may be the result of changes in biochemical processes in the brain and impairment of its function.
• Genetic causes. In the development of DCC, there may be genetic factors, proteo-specific genes may still need to be identified.
• Officials of the Zovnіshny Seredovischa. Deyakі vchenі rasglyadyut factors sovnіshny sredovishcha, such as infection, like a trigger of obsessive-compulsive discord, but also necessary additional investigations to confirm this theory.

Factors that can increase the risk of obsessive-compulsive disorder include:

• Family history. Risk of development of the DKR is promoted for the obvious discord among the fathers and other blood relatives.
• stressful situations. If you have endured stress or a psycho-traumatic situation, the risk of developing DKR may increase. This reaction can, for some reason, cause the appearance of intrusive thoughts, rituals and emotional experiences that are characteristic of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
• Other mental disorders. DKD may be associated with other mental disorders, such as anxiety disorder, substance abuse or tic disorder.

Symptoms and behavior of the sick

Obsessive-compulsive disorder usually includes obsessions and compulsions. In some depressions, there may be less symptoms of obsession and compulsions. You can see that you can’t see that your obsessions and compulsions are supernatural and unreasonable, but they take a lot of time and negatively add to your everyday life, practicality and social functioning.

Obsessions

Obsessions - tse repetitions, constantly and involuntarily blaming thoughts, spontaneously appearing, mumbling an intrusive character and calling out stress for anxiety. A person can try to ignore them or ask them for help compulsive or rituals. Obsessions sound blame, if a person tries to think about it else, or work on other speeches.

Obsessions often sing songs, for example:

• fear of infection chi zabrudnennya;
• order and symmetry - the exercise of arranging objects in order, symmetrically;
• aggressive chi lakayuchi thoughts about zapodіyannya shkodi sobі chi іnhim;
• nebazhany thoughts, zokrema about violence and sexual and religious topics.

Obsession signs include:

• fear of being confused when dotik to objects, which were missed by others;
• doubt whether the doors were closed or the stove was broken;
• expressions of stress, which is to blame if the objects are put in order;
• thoughts about zapodіyannya shkodi sobі chi komus іnshomu, scho blaming in passing and calling out discomfort;
• thoughts about vigukuvannya obscenities or inadequate behavior, which blame in passing and exclaim discomfort;
• zabіgannya situations, yakі can call out intrusive ideas, such as hand-waving;
• stress, crying out with unacceptable thoughts, which are repeated, on sexual topics.

Compulsions

Compulsions - tse dії, which are repeated, like, like a person, vigilant, embarrassed. Tsі dії, scho repeat, but psychic acts are directed to the appearance of a change in anxiety, connected with obsessions, or to the fright of something nasty, which can be. Tim is not less, more compulsive than not to bring joyful satisfaction and only for a certain hour help to get into anxiety.

An ailment can create rules and rituals that help to control anxiety, which one blames, if obsessive thoughts come up. The compulsions of the superworld and often do not really relate to the problem, as the ailments of the appointments are corrected.

As a rule, obsessive obsessions, compulsions, as a rule, sing songs, for example:

• mittya and tidying up
• re-checking
• pragnennya arranging objects in the appointed order
• dotrimannya be-any rules and rituals
• Pragnennya all bagatorazovo reverbіryat once more

For example, sick:

• my hands until cracks appear on the skins;
• repeatedly check to see if the doors are fixed;
• repeatedly check whether the gas stove is switched off or not;
• vvazha navkolishhnі subjects in a singing rank;
• I repeat my thoughts, prayers, words and phrases;
• arranging jars of canned food with the label forward.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder is blamed on young people. The symptoms start to sound step by step and, as a rule, they are differentiated by the degree of severity of the protracted life. The stench will sound stronger, if the ailments are severely stressed. In most depressions of DKR, the symptoms can be mild or subdued, and in some depressions they are important, take a lot of time and lead to disability.

complication

Problems blamed on the results of the DCR may include, among others:

• health problems, such as contact with frequent mitt of hands;
• nezdatnіst vіdvіduvati work, school chi hromadsі come in;
• problematic blues;
• filthy filthy quality of life;
• suicidal thoughts and behavior.

Diagnostics

Stages of diagnosis of DKR:

• zagalny glance. A deep look should be carried out in order to calm down other problems, which may be the cause of your symptoms, and to reveal the presence of any complications associated with DCR.
• Laboratory studies. These may include, for example, high blood counts (CBCs), thyroid function tests, and screening for alcohol and drugs.
• Assessment of mental state. It includes discussing your thoughts, feelings, symptoms and behavior with the fakhivtsy. With your permission, fahіvets can greet you from your homeland and friends.
• Diagnostic criteria obsessive-compulsive disorder Your doctor can score criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Tool for Psychiatric Disorders, publications of the American Psychiatric Association.

Diagnostic problems

Sometimes it is important to diagnose DCC, because the signs may be similar to those of an anancaste disorder, anxiety disorders, depression, schizophrenia, or other mental illnesses. It is possible to overcome obsessive-compulsive disorder and other mental illness. Speak with a doctor, so that you can make an accurate diagnosis and recognize the correct therapy.

Celebration of obsessive-compulsive disorder

It is not possible to completely change OCD, but it is possible to treat symptoms under control and change them in everyday life. Deyakim people need to be exuberant with the stretch of a mustache life.

The two main methods of treatment for OCD are psychotherapy and drug treatment. The most effective way is to use both methods.

Psychotherapy

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a type of psychotherapy that is an effective therapy for many people with DCD. Exposure therapy (method of exposure and advancement) - a different type of CBT, - can be used in conjunction with the object of obsession, for example, with a ford, and learning healthy ways to deal with anxiety. Exposure therapy makes practice stronger, but ailments can be enriched by the beauty of life, just to learn how to deal with their obsessions and compulsions.

Therapy can be carried out in an individual, family or group order.

Medical care

Deyakі psychotropic drugs and help control the symptoms of DCC. Most often, first-line drugs are antidepressants.

Antidepressants, approved by the management of the quality control of food products and drugs for the treatment of OCD, include:

• Clomipramin (Anafranil) for adults and children aged 10 years and older
• Fluoxetine (Prozac) for adults and children 7 years old and older
• Fluvoxamine for adults and children aged 8 years and older
• Paroxetine (Paxil, Pekseva) only for adults
• Sertraline (Zoloft) for adults and children from 6 years old and older

Tim is not less, the doctor may use other antidepressants and drugs, which can be used to treat mental illnesses.

Medicinal preparations: what is necessary to heal

Discuss the following food with the doctor:

• Choice of medical care. It is necessary to practice to effectively control the symptoms of illness by taking drugs at the lowest doses. It is most often necessary to decide on a quantity of preparations, as to find one that will be effective in different cases. The doctor may recommend some medications to effectively treat symptoms of illness. You may need it from a few days to a few months after a cob of glee, so that the camp becomes more beautiful.
• Side effects. All psychiatric drugs may have potential side effects. Discuss with the doctor possible side effects and control over the state of health, the need for treatment with drugs. If you blame the side effects that are turbulent, tell me about the goal of the doctor.
• Rizik suicide. In some cases in children, young people up to 25 years of age, when taking antidepressants, suicidal thoughts or behavior can be blamed, especially in the first few years after the start of drug therapy, or when changing the dose bath preparation. If you blame thoughts about self-destruction, talk about the healer in a negligent way. Keep in mind that antidepressants in the long-term prospects are more likely to reduce the risk of suicide for the sake of reducing the emotional background.
• Interaction with other speeches. Start taking antidepressants, tell your doctor about all the drugs that are available with a prescription and without a prescription, phytopreparations and vitamins, if you take them. The use of antidepressants in the case of common medical treatment or phytopreparations can lead to unsafe reactions.
• Taking antidepressants. Antidepressants do not mean mental addiction, proteo can sometimes blame physical addiction (which affects drug addiction). Reversing the course of treatment or skipping decal doses can lead to the development of symptoms that predict withdrawal syndrome. Do not take medications without being happy with the doctor, you may still feel better, the shards may cause recurrence of OCD symptoms. Practice with the doctor to step by step and safely change the dose.

Prevention

There are no ways to prevent the development of the DKR. Prote at the same time rozpochat likuvannya, you can save the progress of discord and not allow the sickness to ruin everyday life.

Forecast

Nearly 70% of patients, who need to be treated, feel a significant increase in their symptoms. Tim is no less, DKR is left with chronic illnesses, the symptoms of which can grow and change as the patient lives.

Approximately 15% of patients may experience progressive worsening of symptoms or worsening of functioning over time.

Approximately 5% of patients may experience remission of symptoms between acute episodes.

Tsikave

Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD,) is a group of pathopsychological syndromes, which are manifested by obsessive thoughts and thoughts that make us insane to lead a normal life. Tsey camp is characterized by the untimeliness of people cherubing with their thoughts (ideas) or else, as they become obvious, stereotyped, and constant fear and anxiety. Obsessive compulsive discord is considered by one of the most wide-ranging mental discords, for the sake of deacing dzherel, in spite of obsessive thoughts, or suffers from third-age skin, and discord is manifested in one thousand children.

The causes of the development of obsessive-compulsive disorder in children and adults are not precisely understood. It has been brought, that the vindication of ailments is injected, as physiological, and psychological officials. To say for sure, like officials can cause discord, but like not, it’s impossible, shards of the skin organism react individually to underdresses.

Officials of the Rizik DKR are respected by:

Obsessive-compulsive discord develops in times, as a result of which a model of singing behavior is fixed in people. For example, seeing fear or anxiety, walking ill in the room or fear fear, turning on the light and turning over nothing at the room.

This reaction closes in the brain, as if it were possible to respond to an unsafe situation and ailments, such a behavior could not be caused, continuing the singing rituals. Sometimes, such a behavior does not seem to be too wonderful, but the ailments themselves feel a constant anxiety, as they are stricken with new rituals, which are becoming more and more step by step.

What is observed in neurosis of intrusive states

On the development of the DKR, impersonal factors are poured in, under the influence of ailments, one begins to gradually look at the singing thoughts, podiyas, giving them a supra-world significance.

Nav'azlivі thoughts vykayut through podії аbo speech, yakі mayut great value for people, її fears and experience. From time to time, such thoughts come, come in, don’t go out, show up at everyone - for example, at the hour of ochіkuvannya and being worried for a close person, as if it’s late in the evening, the chime is constantly turning over the keys to the apartment.

But in case of DKR, ailments do not succumb to the influx of thoughts, the shards inspire them to be important, and their behavior is the only correct and possible in such a situation.

Singing rituals and models of behavior help them to recognize themselves in safety and “cope” with anxiety, but step by step they become more and more ailments in a closed colo - whether it’s nevikonany or not suddenly, the ritual of calling is even stronger anxiety, but to get rid of the sight , it is necessary to vikonate as a ritual.

Rituals and sounds can be highly manipulative, in some cases - “knock on wood, so as not to do it” or spit over your left shoulder, like a black gut crossed the road” to foldable, richly component: so that there is no filthy, it is necessary to be unique with different color, and as if having bowed an object of blue color, it was obligatory to turn back home, change clothes and go out of the house at the darkness.

For people who suffer from neurosis, it is more typical to have a problem that “fixation” on it, whether it’s like being in life, transforming into a problem or causing a catastrophe, turning into such a person who is not in a state of mind. Tse pіdtrimuє postіyne vіyne vydchuttya anxiety and tension, zavazhayuchi normal life sick.

Symptoms

The main symptoms of obsessive-phobic disorder are obsessive thoughts and compulsive actions (rituals). For two days to give anonymous different options for the clinical picture of illness.

OCD can be suspected and diagnosed by the following signs:

1. Rituals are one of the most characteristic signs of DKR. Rituals are repeated activities, the main meta of which is to calm anxiety and try to "sink away" something terrible. The ailments themselves perceive the wrongness and the abnormality of such actions, but they cannot go back to them. For anyone who wants to be the only way to calm down, others care that only so many misfortunes can escape. Rituals can be different: the sounds of vibudovuvat all objects according to their size, until the cleaning of the entire house with disinfectant speeches, they can be strange sounds: for example, before going to bed, read one and the same side in the book, vimikati , and then I will wake up again in the light of the room 10 times and so on.
2. Nav'azlivі think - a friend is a characteristic sign of illness. For years, to think about that very podia, to “chew” it into the brain, not knowing in themselves the strength to interrupt the flow of thoughts. "Dumkov's zhuyka" may be due to the need to work, whether it be diy: to telephone someone, talk, work, or start a sound, everyday activity, like a healthy person to work without any kind of fainting. Such thoughts can suffocate hundreds of days and unfinished days: why the light is gone, why not enter the villainous house and so far.
3. Anxiety - in case of obsessive-compulsive disorder, you feel anxiety in ailments forever. It can be blamed through other, everyday situations (a child was caught for 10 minutes), or through “global”, but not subject to control - terrorist attacks, worsening of the environmental situation, and so on.
4. Obsessive thoughts - negative thoughts that zapodiyat Skoda and others can blame for singing situations that appear periodically. Illnesses are trying to control such thoughts, but always know the risk of what the stench is like.
5. otherwise become obtrusive - you can be sensitive and figurative. Sensible obsessions - tse vodchuttya, scho vosnі dumki, pochutya bazhannya є imposed on kimos, "not their own." Nav'yazan images can be a hundred obvious situations: ailment "flicker" like a slacking off, whether it's a kind of thing, ring out the opposite chi aggressive chi navpaki, unrealistic images are created by them, that they were already trapiling.
6. Obsessive impulses - a bazhanya, which is not blamed, zdiyasnit as a deed, as if it were not a pre-river, but to instill an unsafe one. Sometimes, in such a way, ailments are forced to get into trouble with obsessive thoughts and anxiety, zdiisnyuyuchi marvelous, often ruinous and unsafe vchinki.
7. Nav'azlivі potyagi - ailments vіdchuvaє inexhaustible bazhannya robits schos, independently in vіd tsego, chi zdіymimo tse, chi are allowed such vchinki toshcho. Potyag can be done with the innocent: bazhannya z'isti schos or absolutely unacceptable: kill someone, burn and so on. Ale, in a be-like mood, sickly impossibility to turn in with his own feelings of majestic discomfort and become one more reason for anxiety, that restlessness.
8. - More characteristic symptom of obsessive discord. Fears and phobias can be of a different nature, nosophobia often develops (obtrusive fear of an important deadly illness), fear of heights, open spaces, fear of wandering. Rіznі rituals help timchasovo vporatis z_ fear, and then we'll get stronger.

In severe DCC, a sick person may experience all the symptoms at once, but most of all, anxiety rises, thoughts and rituals are obtrusive. Sometimes obsessions come to them: aggressive thoughts and behavior, as well as phobias.

DCR in children

It’s a pity, today a lot of children, who suffer from such a pathology as an obsessive-compulsive disorder, continue to get worse. It is important to diagnose it, especially in children of a young school age, and if they show ailments, they often take cider for hyperactivity and a lack of respect, depression, disorder of behavior or autism. This is due to a smaller number of characteristic symptoms, which demonstrate the child and the fact that she cannot and cannot accurately characterize the description of her state.

Children with DKR also suffer from obtrusive thoughts and anxieties, but they can form their own state less for an older child, little children can be even more restless, overly drastically, aggressive and hyperactive.

Anxiety and fears are manifested by fear of being left alone without fathers, on one's own, fear of unknown people, new assignments, situations and inspiring clothes.

The most characteristic sign of obsessive-compulsive disorder in a child is rituals. Might as well be a rich repetition of some and quiet children, which are grown up, stupid, overworldly neatness and agility (if any zarudnennya hands need to be long-awaited with a sweetheart), appeasement to the quiet speeches themselves, or the sequence of podiums (coliskova in front of sleep, obov'yazkova flask milk for breakfast).

Moreover, the child is categorically advised to replace the old speech with a new one, change it at the rituals or move into it. Try batkіv chi otochyuchih "zlamati" ritual priymayutsya very aggressively, children from the DKR can not be switched other than chi vіdvolіkti vіd vykonannya dіy.

An older person may have pronounced fears and phobias, and inspire anxiety and intrusive turmoil. Small children with such a discord should be considered hyperactive or those who suffer from neurological disorders.

Diagnosing obsessive-phobic disorders in children is even more difficult, but the clinical picture in connection with age-old features is unclear and it is important to make a differential diagnosis with minor illnesses.

Celebration

How do you enjoy obsessive-compulsive disorder? great zusil from the side of the patient and the doctor. Not long ago, however, the ailment was considered to be very staunch to the point of curiosity and doctors, first for everything, tried to deal with the most clearly pronounced symptoms of ailment, not trying to help the ailing discord itself. Today, zavdyaki dosit effective and safe medicines and new methods of psychotherapy, stabilizing the camp of the ill from DKR, going into more vipadkiv.

For which vicorist:

• drug therapy: antidepressants, antipsychotics, anti-inflammatory and sedative drugs;
• psychotherapy: the method of advancement, 4-term therapy, the method of “thinking thoughts” and cognitive-behavioral therapy, as an additional therapy, it is possible to overcome family psychotherapy, special and other methods;
• exaltation in the minds of the home - tse sickness instead of medication and psychotherapeutic exuberance, but if you don’t have ailments on your own, in the minds of the home, fight with your discord, the effect of the exultation will be minimal.

Medical therapy

For treatment, stop antidepressants: Fluvoxamine, Paroxetine, Clomipramin; atypical antipsychotics: olanzapine, lamotrigine; anxiolytics: clonazepam, buspiron; normotimics: lithium salts and others. All these preparations may have contraindications and side effects, which is due to zastosovuvatisya only for indications and under the doctor's eye.

The recovery of the DKR is started from a 2-3 month course of antidepressants, the stench helps to get into trouble with anxiety, worries, normalizes the mood and the burning camp of the sick. Then, at the same time, with the use of antidepressants, psychotherapy is started. It is even more important to control the intake of antidepressants, especially at the initial stage of treatment, if there is no apparent effectiveness of taking the drugs, and the psyche of the sick person continues to be depressed. Only after 2-3 days, the first signs of change in the mood of that self-confident person, after which the control of the likuvannya becomes richly simpler, are revealed to the receptionist.

Krim antidepersantiv vikoristovuyut sedatives and snodiyny zabobi, as well as antipsychotics and normotics - qi drugs and stop only for the treatment of concomitant disorders. Neuroleptics are indicated for aggressive behaviors, thoughts and feelings, and normotimics - a decrease in mood, fears and phobias. The preparations are prescribed for 10-30 days, depending on the symptoms.

Psychotherapy

The main meta-psychotherapy in DKR is to understand the problems and ways to deal with anxiety and obsessive thoughts.

Therapy "4 kroki" will be used to replace the forgiveness of rituals, as if to help ailments and anxiety. Illness is due to clearly see that if you provoke the attacks of compulsions and control your own actions.

The method of "Zupinki thoughts" to read the patient's mind, and "marvel" at his own thoughts and thoughts "from the side." It helps to understand the stupidity and pardon of your fears and pardons and learn to cope with them.

Jubilation in domestic minds

It is even more important for a successful rejoicing to help that support of relatives and relatives of the sick. The stench is guilty of reason and the cause is to show illness and to help you cope with attacks of panic and anxiety.

The sick person himself learns to control his thoughts and thoughts, unique situations, in which obsessions can appear. This includes guiding the wavering sounds, changing stress factors, methods of relaxation and meditation, and so on.

Lіkuvannya DKR can take a lot of time, and if you are sick, and if you need to, you will need to improve on trival therapy - for stabilization, I will need to go from 2 to 6 months, and sometimes - more. And to exclude the possibility of a recurrence of the disease, it is necessary to periodically see a doctor and repeat the course of medication and psychotherapy.

Psychologist, psychotherapist.

obsessive compulsive disorder(OCD) is a mental discord, which is characterized by obtrusive, unacceptable thoughts, which are blamed against the will of the patient (obsessions) by those diami, the meta of which is to reduce the level of anxiety.

To determine the degree of severity of obsessive and compulsive symptoms, the following is indicated: Test for DCR - Yale-Brown scale

The ICD-10 describes obsessive-compulsive disorder (F42) as follows:

"I will become a particular feature of the manifestness of repeating obtrusive thoughts or impulsive ones. Intrusive thoughts are ideas, imagine or spontaneously, like anew and anew come to the ailing thought in a stereotypical look. and cover, and the patient often tries unsuccessfully to repair opіr їm less, ailments vvazha tsі thoughts with your own hands, instill like a stink of migratory and ogidni.

Nav'azlivі dії, or rituals, є stereotyped manners, like ailments repeat again and again. The stench is not a way to take away satisfaction, but an attribute of the vikonannya of brown heads. Tsі їє є way pobіgti mozhlivosti nastannya nepriemnoї podії, yak, like being afraid of ailments, іnakshe can be, zavdayuchi shkodi yoma chi їm іnshіy individuals. Sound such a behavior to be ill, as if it were stupid and not effective, and to shy away again, try to resist it. Mayzhe zavzhdi є anxiety. Even as the compulsive ones become apprehensive, anxiety becomes more pronounced.

Special report of Katerina Osipova. Katy 24 years, 13 of them are alive with a diagnosis of DKR: "I am my friend of DKR" (ed. note)

Symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder

• The peculiarity is turbulent with details, a list, the order of laying, which life will be ruined in sight.
• Shows perfectionism, which is important for the tasks of completion (it’s not good to complete the project, because the standards of the government are not victorious in this project).
• Overworldly assigning to oneself robots, productivity, productivity until the friendship is turned off, despite the fact that such a number of robots is not really economically necessary (the main interest is not worth a penny).
• The peculiarity of the superstition is scrupulous and innocuous in the nourishment of morality, ethics, values, which do not include cultural and religious identification (intolerant).
• The peculiarity is not to be spared in the form of zapsovannyh or marnyh objects, to instill stink like a sentimental value.
• To repair opir to that, to delegate renewal or to work with other people, until the stink is not to represent the efficiency of її or yogo way of work (everything can be broken down as if it is necessary, on її minds).
• Be afraid of stained glass pennies and wines of other people, tk. save pennies of guilt for the black day, to cope with future catastrophes.
• Demonstrating rigidity and firmness.

If there are more than 4 characteristics (sound from 4 to 8), then we can talk about the obsessive-compulsive disorder of specialty with great humility.

DKR develops approximately at the age of 4-5 years, if the father's main emphasis in vihovanni is on the fact that it is possible to rob a child, then it is the fault of the robity correctly. The emphasis is on striving for excellence. Such a child is small but be a butt for other children and take away the praise of that praise from the grown-ups. In such a rank, from childish fates, such specialness is being perebuyed under the yoke of the father’s orders about those who are guilty of work and that they are not guilty of work. Vaughn was overwhelmed by the borg that vіdpovidalnistyu, nebhіdnіstyu vykonuvaty rules, like if they were mortgaged by the father. We can remember children for ourselves, how to think and behave in a grown-up way. Nache stink to speed up the viciousness and take on yourself the grown-up vіdpovidalnіst. Your childishness will end early. From the children of the stink, they are encouraged to grow more, or to grow more beautifully, other people have already grown. And such a way of diy that thought is overwhelmed with them and in a grown-up vіtsi. Such children did not learn how to play, the stench was always occupied by the right. Flocking grown up, the stench cannot relax, relax, talk about their needs. It often happens that one of the fathers (or insults) themselves were small DKR, did not manage to relax and dedicate themselves to robots and domestic turbos. The child learns such behavior in them, learns to inherit his fathers, respecting his own norm, "because in our family it was so wound up."

Obsessive-compulsive individuals tend to react more strongly to criticism. The one who criticizes them, does not mean that he didn’t get far better, better, bigger, and that stink cannot be put to himself good, feel good. They are perfectionists. The stench is very tense, so that they overtake all the troubles that they have mentioned, and they feel anxiety, as if only to assure that they have ceased to be engaged in an important right. The stench is especially strong and feels a little guilty, because they have some sort of negative thoughts and reactions that invade their working order, and, obviously, sexual thoughts, feel and consume. There are some victorious little rituals, for example, to begin to respect, to get rid of the thoughts that are intruding, or to work your tasks in a singsong order so that you take control and relieve your anxiety. Individuals with DKR judge high standards and perfection in other people, and they themselves can easily go to criticism, if other people do not meet their high standards. This frequent criticism can become the cause of great difficulties in special mutual relations. Deyakі partners in vіdnosinakh priymayut OCD specialities like boring, because they focus on the work and may have great difficulty in being relaxed, indulgent, happy.

Causes of obsessive-compulsive disorder of specialty

• specialness of specialness (increased sensitivity, anxiety, courage to think more, to be less sensitive);
• Vihovannya with an emphasis on obov'yazku, vіdpovіdalnostі;
• Genetic weakness;
• neurological problems;
• Stress and psychological trauma can also trigger the process of DCR in people who may be able to grow up to their full potential.

Apply obsessive-compulsive disorder

Most often, there is concern about the drive of blasphemy (for example, fear of the disease, microbes and infections), safety (for example, concern about not being taken to the booth, as if it could be the cause of blame), unacceptable sexual relations fucking thoughts (for example, thoughts about the bazhannya sex z " fenced" by a partner - a stranger, etc.). Pragnennya symmetry, accuracy, accuracy.

Often, the mitt of the hands of chi bazhanya is constantly rubbed and miti in the booth; rituals of reversing and defying yourself in the face of obvious insecurity, yak can include the cili of the lancelet diy (for example, it’s right to enter and go to the room, touch your hand to your chogos, rob three buckets of water, etc.) - also with butts, so often streak . obsessive-compulsive disorder

Nav'zlivі psikhologichnі razladi vіdomі spokonviku: v IV stolittі BC. e. in Serednyovichchi, the disease was protected to the point of obsession.

Ill vyvchali she tried to systematize for a long time. Yogo was periodically brought to paranoia, psychopathy, manifestations of schizophrenia and manic-depressive psychosis. Currently obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) consider one of the different types of psychosis.

Facts about obsessive-compulsive disorder:

Intrusiveness can be episodic otherwise, beware of the protyag of the last day. In some ailments, anxiety and distrust are perceived as specific to their character, while in others, unreasonable fears overwhelm a special social life, and also negatively affect close people.

REASONS

The etiology of the DKR is not stated, but there are some hypotheses. The reasons can be biological, psychological, or socially-communal in nature.

Biological reasons:

• birth trauma;
• pathology of the autonomic nervous system;
• specificity of signal transmission in the brain;
• impaired metabolism due to a change in the exchange of speech, the necessary normal functioning of neurons (decrease in the level of serotonin, increase in the concentration of dopamine);
• traumatic brain injury in history;
• organic damage to the brain (after meningitis);
• chronic alcoholism and drug addiction;
• recessionary sway;
• Easier infectious processes.

Socially-supplied and psychological factors:

• child psychological trauma;
• psychological family trauma;
• Suvore religious education;
• supra-world opika batkiv;
• professional activity for mental stress;
• shocked, tied up with a threat to life.

CLASSIFICATION

Classification of DKR from the features of yoga flow:

• one-time attack (posterіgaєtsya protyazh days, tizhnya chi dove fate);
• recurrent interruption from periods of daytime is a sign of illness;
• uninterrupted progression of pathology.

Classification from ICD-10:

• the head rank of obsession in the form of obtrusive thoughts and thoughts;
• most importantly compulsions - dії at the sight of rituals;
• mixed form;
• other DKR.

SYMPTOMS of obsessive-compulsive disorder

The first signs of DKR are blamed for 10 and 30 fates. As a rule, up to the thirty-year mark, a sick person has a clearly pronounced clinical picture of illness.

Main symptoms of DCC:

• The appearance of serious intrusive thoughts. Sound the stink to be in the nature of sexual diseases, blasphemy, thinking about death, fear of reprisals, sickness and wasting material wealth. In the face of such thoughts, a person from the DKR shudders, he sees all the helplessness, but to overcome his fear is not in the mind.
• Trivoga. An ailing person on the DKR has a constant internal struggle, as if accompanied by anxieties.
• Repeating ruhi and dії can appear in an inexhaustible mess of gatherings, frequent mitt of hands, placed objects symmetrically one to one or in any order. Some people who are ill in discord can use the power of the cunning system to save special speeches and follow them constantly. Compulsive rewiring due to bagatorazovym turning home with the method of revealing no light, gas, reversing, and fixing the entrance doors. It is ill to carry out a ritual of its own to intimidate small minds and to relieve intrusive thoughts, but do not deprive yoga of stench. If the ritual does not dare to complete, people are starting back.
• Intrusive obvіlnіst, if a person wins all the time, do it superbly correctly.
• Strengthening the virulence of discord in the places of mass crowding of people. The sick person has a fear of being infected with infections, agility, nervousness due to the fear of wasting one's speech. At the link with zim ailments, obsessive-compulsive discord is swayed by the ability to uniquely attack.
• Low self-esteem. Discord is especially stubbornly distrustful people, as if they called their lives under control, but not to get into their fears with their fears.

DIAGNOSTICS

For the establishment of a diagnosis, it is necessary to carry out psychodiagnostic interview with a psychiatrist. Fahivets can differentiate DCR from schizophrenia and Tourette's syndrome. For special respect, meritorious combination of intrusive thoughts. For example, one-hour obsessions of a sexual and religious nature, as well as eccentric rituals.

Healing the presence of obsessions and compulsions. Intrusive thoughts may have medical significance in times of repetition, persistence and persistence. The stench is guilty of viklikati a little worried about that suffering. The compulsions are considered in the medical aspect in the same way, as when they were victorious in the case of obsession with ailments, they become aware of it.

Nav'azlivі thoughts and ruhi responsibilities to take at least one year a day, with which to be accompanied by difficulties in dealing with loved ones and otochyuchimi.

For the purpose of determining the degree of severity of illness and yogo dynamics, with the method of standardization of data vicorist scale Єla-Brown.

JOY

At the thought of psychiatrists, people need to seek medical help in that situation, if illness leads to everyday life and the connection with sick people.

DKR sizing methods:

• Cognitive behavioral psychotherapy allow the ailing to repair the opir to the intrusive thoughts on the way to change, or the forgiveness of rituals. When looking at the patient, the doctor clearly shares the fight against the truth and causes of illness. In case of tsimu, concrete examples are suggested for the life of healthy people, rather for the quiet, as if shouting at the sick man and with authority. Psychotherapy helps to correct some signs of discord, but it does not help obsessive-compulsive discord in the whole world.
• Medical treatment. The use of psychotropic drugs as an effective and superior method of therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Likuvannya is chosen strictly individually with the improvement of the peculiarities of ailment, the status of the patient, as well as the obviousness of concomitant illnesses.

Sobi drug treatment DKR:

• serotonergic antidepressants;
• anxiolytics;
• beta blockers;
• triazole benzodiazepines;
• MAO inhibitors;
• atypical antipsychotics;
• antidepressants of the SIZZS class.

Vipadki povnogo poduzhannya registries dosit seldom, and then for the help of medicines, they try to reduce the symptoms and stabilize the patient's condition.

A lot of people, like they suffer for some kind of discord, do not mark their problems. And if they still think about her, then they will understand the stupidity and absurdity of their actions, but not to threaten in any pathological camp. In addition, the stench is broken in that which can independently get out of these ailments with one more force of will.

The one-way thought of the doctors speaks against the impossibility of independent likuvannya in the DKR. Be it as it is, try to get in the way of powerful forces with such a discord, it’s less likely to help the situation.

For the treatment of mild forms, it is not necessary to be outpatient, in which case the recession begins no earlier than later, after the first treatment. Greater folding forms of obsessive-compulsive discord, connected with the fear of infection, confusion, hostile objects, folding rituals and various manifestations, show especially resistance to glee.

The main method of therapy may be installation of trustworthy children from ailments, suffocating a little fear of taking psychotropic drugs, as well as a universe of indulgence in the possibility of wearing. The fate of those close to those near people truly promotes the possibility of exuberance.

COMPLICATION

Immovable folded DKR:

• depression;
• anxiety;
• isolation;
• suicidal behavior;
• poisoning with tranquilizers and other drugs;
• conflict in special life and professional activity;
• alcoholism;
• disruption of eating habits;
• low is the quality of life.

PREVENTION

Go to the primary prevention of DCC:

• zapobіgannya psychological trauma in special life and professional activity;
• correctly vihovannya children - from early childhood, do not give in to thoughts about the power of incompetence, superiority over others, do not provoke a little guilt and deep fear;
• prevention of conflicts in the middle of the world.

Methods for secondary prevention of DCC:

• regular medical examination;
• talk with the method of changing the setting of a person to situations that injure the psyche;
• light illumination, increased illumination of the room (somnia exchange stimulates serotonin vibration);
• come on in;
• the diet is full of eating with the over-importance of products, to tryptophan (an amino acid for the synthesis of serotonin);
• own glee of accompanying illnesses;
• zabіgannya be-yakim types of narcotic zalezhnostі.

FORECAST FOR REVITALIZATION

Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a chronic illness, for which outside wear this episode is not typical either watch out for in okremih vapadki.

When treating mild forms of illness in the minds of an outpatient clinic, the onset of symptoms develops no earlier than 1-5 years after the onset of illness. Often the patient has signs of illness, which do not respect his everyday life.

More severe illnesses of illness show resistance to exaltation and to recurrence. Obtyazhennya DKR vіdbuvaєtsya pіd vplivom reevtomi, nedosipannya and stress factors.

According to the statistics, in 2/3 of the patients, polypsynia on the background of glee persists for 6-12 months. In 60-80% of them, they are accompanied by clinical wear. Severe depressions of obsessive-compulsive discord over the height of the stance to the point of glee.

Polypshennya I will become some of the patients who have been treated with medications, therefore, since I have been told, the number of relapses is significantly increasing.

Did you know a pardon? See and press Ctrl+Enter