Coating drugs are drugs that cover mucous membranes and tissues, forming a viscous film over them, which protects sensitive nerve endings from irritation.
Slime starch (MucilagoAmyli) It is a colloidal solution of starch in hot water. For the preparation of mucus, wheat ( Amylum Tritici), corn ( Amylum Maydis), rice ( Amylum Oryzae) or potato ( Amylum Solani) starch.
Applied orally in the treatment of gastroduodenitis (reduces pain, belching) and in the form of enemas for proctitis, sigmoiditis, Crohn's disease. Sometimes starch mucus is prescribed in conjunction with drugs that have an irritating effect on the gastrointestinal mucosa.
NE: not described.
EF: mucus 2% extemporaneous preparation.
Flax seed slime (MucilagosemenisLini) Flax seeds infused in hot water ( Linum usitatissimum L. ). It is administered orally in the treatment of gastroduodenitis (¼-½ glass) 4-6 times a day, as well as in conjunction with drugs that irritate the gastrointestinal tract.
NE: not described.
FV: mucus 1:30 extemporaneous preparation.
Polyvinox (Polyvinox, Vinylin, Schostakowski Balsam)It is a viscous syrupy liquid with a specific smell and taste. Upon contact with wound defects, forms a sticky film over them.
Promotes cleansing, regeneration and epithelization of wounds, while it creates conditions unfavorable for the reproduction of microorganisms.
Reduces the secretion, acidity and proteolytic activity of gastric juice.
Application and dosage regimen:
Outwardly, in the treatment of boils, carbuncles, trophic ulcers, purulent wounds, burns and frostbite, mastitis is used in pure form (perse), as well as in the form of a 20% oil solution or 3-5% ointment (with the addition of 0.75% silver nitrate) ...
Inside for gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, gastritis on the first day, 3 capsules or 1 teaspoon at night 5-6 hours after the last meal, then 5 capsules or 1 dessert spoon daily for 15-20 days.
Rectally through a rectoscope, 25-40 ml for 3-9 days with dysentery, colitis, Crohn's disease.
NE: hypersensitivity to the drug.
F 
B: balm in bottles of 100.0 and capsules of 1.4 g. Means for oral administration should contain no more than 8% moisture, while for external use it is allowed to use a balm with a moisture content of up to 15%.
Sucralfate (Sucralfate, Venter, Alcucral) MD: In an acidic environment, at pH<4,0 распадается на ионы алюминия и сульфат сахарозы. Ионы алюминия денатурируют белки слизи и нейтрализуют соляную кислоту. Сульфат сахарозы соединяется с белками некротизированных тканей и, спонтанно полимеризуясь, образует плотную пленку полигликозилированных протеинов, которая является барьером для воздействия агрессивных факторов на слизистую оболочку ЖКТ.
Enveloping action - the polymer formed in the acidic environment of the stomach protects ulcerative defects by firmly covering them for 6 hours. Sucralfate practically does not interact with normal mucous membranes.
Antacid (acid-neutralizing) effect is not very pronounced; in its strength, sucralfate is noticeably inferior to traditional means based on aluminum hydroxide. An essential feature of the antacid effect of sucralfate is its controllability. Since the release of free aluminum occurs only in a medium with an acidity of pH less than 4.0, sucralfate is not able to neutralize the pH of the medium above 4.0.
Gastrocytoprotective action - associated with the ability of polyglycosylated mucus proteins formed when taking sucralfate to inactivate pepsin and bile acids.
Absorbent action. In the intestine, the gel-like film of sucralfate absorbs bile acids, the waste products of microorganisms. In addition, when aluminum reacts with phosphate ions, insoluble aluminum phosphate is formed.
Application and dosage regimen. Sucralfate is used in the treatment of gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, including for symptomatic, steroid, steroid ulcers, ulcerative and erosive lesions caused by the use of NSAIDs, as well as for gastroesophageal reflux disease (retrograde reflux of bile into the lumen of the stomach or gastric juice into the esophagus). Usually it is taken 500-1000 mg 4 times a day 30-40 minutes before meals and at night, or 1000-2000 mg 2 times a day, morning and evening. The course of treatment is 6 to 12 weeks.
Sometimes sucralfate is used in patients with hyperphosphatemia due to hemodialysis in end-stage chronic renal failure.
On the part of the gastrointestinal tract, dry mouth, stool disorders are noted.
Despite the fact that the systemic absorption of aluminum from sucralfate is only 0.02%, it is sometimes capable of neurotoxic effects in sensitive patients in the form of dizziness, drowsiness, headache and back pain.
It should be remembered that sucralfate forms insoluble complexes with fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, theophylline and phenytoin, so its administration is incompatible with the oral administration of these drugs. On the contrary, antisecretory drugs (H 2 -blockers of histamine receptors, blockers of H + / K + -ATPase) reduce the activity of sucralfate by increasing the pH of gastric juice.
PV: tablets of 500 and 1000 mg, granules of 1000 mg in sachets, gel 1000 mg in sachets of 5 ml
Diosmectite (Diosmectit, Smecta) Diosmectite molecules have a discoid-crystalline structure - an aluminum octahedron in the center is surrounded by silicon tetrahedrons on the sides. The molecules are combined into layers 1 nm thick, which, in turn, form scaly particles with a size of 1-2 μm. Inside the aluminum octahedra, some of the atoms are replaced by iron or magnesium, such a replacement leads to the appearance of an excess negative charge inside the layer and an excess positive charge between them.
MD: Diosmectite molecules have a very high adsorption capacity and fluidity, this is due to a combination of several factors:
The surface area of \u200b\u200b1 g of the substance is 100 m 2, which allows it to establish multiple non-ionic bonds with mucus macromolecules;
Due to the presence of an excess positive charge, diosmectite adsorbs small molecules in them;
Simple ions are sorbed by diosmectite inside the crystal lattice due to the excess negative charge.
Enveloping action. Due to this effect, diosmectite acquires the ability to stabilize the mucous barrier of the gastrointestinal tract, prolonging the life of mucus and increasing its resistance to the action of acid protons.
Absorbent action. Diosmectite molecules bind and neutralize toxigenic bacteria (V. cholerae, E. coli), rotaviruses, bile salts, undigested sugars. As a result, excessive secretion of fluid into the intestinal lumen stops under the influence of toxins or high osmosis of the medium and the processes of water absorption are normalized.
Indications for use and dosage regimen. Diosmectite is used for:
Symptomatic treatment of acute and chronic diarrhea (including in children). In terms of the effectiveness of the antidiarrheal action, diosmectite is comparable to opiates.
Symptomatic elimination of pain in inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (esophagitis, gastroduodenitis, enterocolitis).
Administered orally on an empty stomach, 3 sachets per day, dissolving their contents in 1 glass of water (for acute diarrhea, the dose can be doubled). In children's practice, for children under 3 years of age, they use 1 sachet per year of life; in older children, diosmectite is used in the same doses as in adults.
NE: There are isolated reports of constipation when taking diosmectitis, which can be easily eliminated by reducing the dosage of the medicine.
PV: powder in sachets of 3.0 for suspension preparation.
Coating agents help protect not only the stomach lining, but are also beneficial for the intestines. By their action, they reduce acute and chronic pain in inflammatory diseases. In the treatment of ulcerative lesions, they are also indispensable.
Many medicinal plants are capable of creating a protective film on the walls of the intestines and stomach. Here are just the most convenient and affordable natural (herbal) remedies.
Potato starch. Starchy potato juice is not only an antacid, but also a good enveloping agent. Powdered starch can also be used. Dilute in 0.5 stack. warm water 1 tbsp. starch and drink the resulting jelly.
Flax-seed. In warm water, flaxseeds secrete mucus, which has a protective and somewhat laxative and antimicrobial effect. Pour 1 tsp with a glass of hot water. seeds and stir continuously for 10-15 minutes until a slimy jelly is obtained. Drink it without straining 15 minutes before meals.
Marshmallow root. It is more often used for pulmonary diseases, as it helps sputum pass away. But the mucous infusion of the root is good in protecting the gastric mucosa. In addition, it has anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Preparation: pour a glass of boiling water over 1 tbsp. crushed marshmallow root, insist in a thermos for 3 hours. Reception: 4 times a day for 1 tbsp. before food.
Spotted orchis. Cuckoo's tears or orchis spotted contains 27% starch and 50% mucus in their tubers, so it is an excellent enveloping agent. For this, a decoction is prepared. Pour 1 tsp with a glass of boiling water. dry roots, crushed into powder, cook in a water bath for 10 minutes. Cool and drain. Reception: 3 times a day, 1/3 cup before meals.
Lyubka is two-leaved. Means prepared on its basis cover the mucous membranes of the alimentary canal, protect sensitive nerve endings from irritation. For this purpose, a powder from the dried tubers of this plant is used. Prepare the medicine as follows: take 1 part of the powder for 10 parts of cold water, shake it, then add another 9 parts of boiling water. The resulting mucous liquid is taken 15 minutes before meals, 0.5 cups.
All of these enveloping agents are good for gastritis and even ulcers - they almost instantly relieve pain and inflammation. Eating oatmeal on the water for breakfast is useful not only for those who monitor their weight, but also for those who care about the health of the stomach.
Since the medicine enters the intestine later than the stomach, it makes sense to resort to pharmacy drugs. To date, there is no shortage of enveloping products. Here is a short list of the most popular medicines:
Magnesia white (basic magnesium carbonate);
enveloping agent
Aluminum hydroxide;
Vikair;
Liquiritone;
Sukralfat;
Phosphalugel;
Almagel.
In addition to their direct protective and analgesic effect, enveloping drugs have an antiemetic and antidiarrheal effect. This is due to the fact that such drugs reduce the reflex function of the nerve endings of the mucous membrane.
Today, enveloping preparations are becoming more and more popular, since every day there are more patients with diseases of the digestive system, especially gastritis or ulcers. These drugs are available without a prescription. There is a large selection of them in the pharmacy, but you can also choose herbal remedies that give a good result. What drugs that protect the gastric mucosa exist, read the article.
Preparations that protect the gastric mucosa from the action of acid have an enveloping effect.
Characteristics of stomach envelopes
Coating agents today are presented as herbal preparations or synthetic medicines. These substances create a protective barrier on the gastric mucosa, which dulls painful sensations and protects the organ from the aggressive environment created by the enzymatic juice, and has a beneficial effect on the intestines. They often have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and other effects.
Therefore, if the acidity is increased, or the organ constantly succumbs to other stimuli, it is most effective to use this kind of drugs.
The composition of such medicines contains substances that, in contact with water, are transformed into suspensions or colloidal compositions. This reduces the sensitivity of the nerve endings.
Despite the fact that H2 blockers of histamine prescriptions and proton pump inhibitors are becoming more popular, the coating substances do not lose their importance. Blockers are less effective than anthracite drugs in the treatment of peptic ulcer and gastritis. Indications for the use of enveloping preparations:
- gastritis;
- pancreatitis;
- heartburn;
- ulcerative diseases;
- enteritis;
- burns of the mucous membranes of the organ;
- colitis, etc.
Such medicines can be used externally to protect the skin from frostbite or burns. They are used in parallel with medicines, which have a detrimental effect on the mucous membrane. Today, drugs are most often used that are not absorbed in the esophagus and oral cavity, but are completely delivered to the stomach, which ensures their maximum effect. Modern enveloping substances have minimal side effects, which mainly cause long-term use of the drug.
Non-absorbable drugs do not affect the acid-base environment and do not provoke an increase in the acidity of gastric juice, they, on the contrary, neutralize the acid, as they are adsorbed on the mucous membrane of the organ.
Classification
Today's drugs are not absorbed into the bloodstream, so it is possible to drink both herbal medicines and synthetic ones. Natural medicines most often have a starch component, but there are other enveloping plant components. The variety of pharmacy medicines is no less.
Enveloping products
Natural enveloping components include:
- potato starch;
- liquorice root;
- white clay;
- comfrey;
- marshmallow root;
- double-leaved lyubka;
- flax seeds;
- orchis spotted;
- corn starch;
- oats.
They can be used for gastritis and ulcers. Such substances help to eliminate painful sensations and facilitate the course of the inflammatory process. The most commonly used starch is corn or potato. This is due to the availability and ease of use. Starch is not only a good anthracite, but also acts as an enveloping substance, it is a good protector of the stomach lining. It just needs to be dissolved in warm or hot water. Such a coating agent cannot be dissolved in a cold liquid. Starches are available from pharmacies. They are produced in powder form. Proportions: 1 tbsp. l. substances per 100 g of water.
They are no less useful in the fight against ulcers or gastritis, they are protectors of the gastric mucosa. In warm water, these seeds produce mucus. They should be consumed in the form of jelly. To make such a slimy solution, you need to pour a teaspoon of seeds with a glass of boiling water and boil for a quarter of an hour. It is recommended to drink the broth warm one third of an hour before meals. The broth has antimicrobial, laxative effects, is used to protect the organ.
Spotted orchis contains mucus and starch. A decoction is made from it. To do this, grind 5 g of dry rhizome to a powder state and pour 200 g of water into a thermos for 180 minutes. After that, the infusion is boiled for 10 minutes and filtered. It is recommended to take the remedy three times a day, 70 g before meals.
White clay is taken internally or externally. Produced in powder form. You need to take 30 g.
Marshmallow root is a good enveloping agent. To prepare it, you need 10 g of powder from the roots, pour a glass of boiling water into a thermos and drink 4 times a day, 10 g before a meal.
Medicines
Among the most popular drugs that have an enveloping effect are the following:
- "Magnesium oxide";
- Sukralfat;
- Almagel;
- "Phosphalugel";
- aluminum hydroxide, etc.
Aluminum hydroxide is a powder that is administered internally as an aqueous suspension of 5-10 g up to 6 times a day. It is recommended to drink it for ulcers of the duodenum and stomach, gastritis and food poisoning. The substance binds phosphates and delays their absorption in the digestive system.
"Magnesium oxide" is also called burnt magnesia. This medicine is not absorbed into the bloodstream, reduces the effect of acid, while the release of carbon dioxide does not occur. Reaching the intestines, the substance provides a laxative effect. Magnesium is prescribed for gastritis, stomach ulcers or duodenal ulcers. Magnesium oxide tablets or powder are taken orally before a meal, this provides an instant but short-term effect, if you use the medication after a meal, it lasts for a longer period.
"Sucralfat" is an anthracite, enveloping preparation. It binds acid in the stomach, slows down the production of pepsin. It is prescribed for ulcers and gastritis. Produced in tablet form. You need to drink the medication 1-2 tablets three times a day, without chewing and drinking plenty of water.
"Almagel" is an anthracite preparation that neutralizes the excessive secretion of enzymatic juice. It inhibits the production of hydrochloric acid and provides local anesthesia and urine excretion. The drug normalizes the production of pepsin. Magnesium hydroxide neutralizes the aggressiveness of hydrochloric acid. "Almagel" acts for a long period, without causing swelling and gases, it keeps the acidity within the required range. It is produced in the form of a gel, which improves the enveloping effect. The effect of using the protector occurs 5 minutes after ingestion.
The indications for the appointment are the following diseases:
- acidity gastritis;
- esophagitis;
- ulcer;
- duodenitis;
- food poisoning;
- enteritis;
- bloating;
- painful sensations after eating harmful products, etc.
If the patient drinks anti-inflammatory drugs or glucocorticosteroids for a long time, "Almagel" is prescribed for the prevention of ulcers. Dosage: 5-10 g half an hour before a meal. The course of admission is no longer than 2 weeks.
"Phosphalugel" is a substance in the form of a white gel. It is taken internally. It is an enveloping substance. It is recommended to drink it for ulcers and gastritis, if the walls of the organ are damaged due to poisoning.
Bismuth preparations
Bismuth preparations include:
- "Vikair";
- "De-Nol";
- "Bismofalk", etc.
They are widely used in the treatment of ulcers. They are based on bismuth nitrate, which forms chelated compounds with a protein molecule. They form a protective layer on the walls of the stomach. Medicines fight against Helicobacter pylori.
"Vikair" is prescribed for gastric and duodenal ulcers, duodenitis and gastritis. Drink it 60-90 minutes after a meal, 1-2 tablets three times a day.
"De-Nol" is a tablet based on bismuth dicitrate, which has a bactericidal effect, it is an anti-inflammatory and astringent substance. It should be drunk 30 minutes before a meal. The duration of use is 1-2 months. It is prescribed for the treatment of ulcers and gastritis.
"Bismofalk" is a combined preparation based on bismuth nitrate. It is advisable to drink it for ulcers, gastritis and stomach overcrowding. Take 1-2 tablets three times a day before meals.
STARCH (Amytum)
Obtained from wheat grains - wheat starch (Amylum Tritici), corn (Amylum Maydis), rice (Amylum Oryzae), from potato tubers (Amylum Solani).
It is insoluble in cold water, in hot water it forms a colloidal solution (Mucilago Amyli).
Indications for use. It is prescribed as an enveloping agent to protect sensitive nerve endings from irritants and to slow down the absorption of drugs.
Method of administration and dosage. Outwardly (in the form of dusts and powders with zinc oxide, talc, etc.), internally and in enemas (in the form of starch paste or mucus).
Release form. Powder.
Storage conditions. In a dry place.
LIQUIRITON (Liquiritonum)
Contains the sum of flavonoids from licorice root.
Pharmachologic effect. It has antispasmodic (relieves spasms), anti-inflammatory and moderate antacid (ability to reduce stomach acidity) properties.
Indications for use. In case of exacerbation and for the prevention of gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, with chronic gastritis with preserved gastric secretory function, erosive gastritis (inflammation of the gastric mucosa with the formation of its defects).
Method of administration and dosage. Inside, 0.1-0.2 g 3-4 times a day 20-30 minutes before meals for 4-5 weeks; after a 10-12 day break, the course of treatment is repeated.
Release form. Tablets of 0.1 in a package of 25 pieces.
Storage conditions. In a dry, dark place.
FLAX SEEDS (Semena Lini)
Ripe and dried flax seeds (Linum usitatissinum L.), fam. flaxseeds (Linaceae). Contains fatty linseed oil (Oleum Lini) and mucus.
Indications for use. Used as an enveloping and emollient.
Method of administration and dosage. Externally for poultices and internally in the form of flaxseed slime, which is prepared from 1 part whole flaxseed and 30 parts extempore hot water (before use).
Release form. In cardboard boxes of 200 g.
Storage conditions. In a dry place.
MAGNESIUM CARBONATE BASIC (Magnesii subcarbonas)
Synonyms: Magnesia is white.
Indications for use. As an enveloping, antacid (reducing stomach acidity) and mild laxative.
Method of administration and dosage. Inside, adults are prescribed 1-3 g, children under 1 year old - 0.5 g each, from 2 to 5 years old - 1-1.5 g each, from 6 to 12 years old - 1-2 g per dose 2-3 once a day. Apply externally as a powder.
Release form. Powder and tablets containing basic magnesium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate 0.5 g each.
Storage conditions. In a well-sealed container.
TABLETS "VICAIR" (Tabulettae "Vicairum")
Synonyms: Rother.
Indications for use.
Method of administration and dosage. Assign inside after meals (after 1-11 / 2 hours), 1-2 tablets 3 times a day. Drink with a small amount (1/4 cup) of water.
Side effect. Feces during the intake of Vikair tablets turns dark.
Release form. Tablets containing: basic bismuth nitrate -0.35 g, basic magnesium carbonate - 0.4 g, sodium bicarbonate - 0.2 g, powder of calamus rhizome and buckthorn bark (finely ground) - 0.025 g each, in a package of 100 pieces ...
Storage conditions.
TABLETS "VICALIN" (Tabulettae "Vicalinum")
Pharmachologic effect. The tablets have a complex effect. Basic bismuth nitrate, sodium bicarbonate and magnesium carbonate provide antacid (reducing stomach acidity) and astringent effect, buckthorn bark (albeit in a small dose) contributes to the laxative effect. The presence of rutin allows you to count on some anti-inflammatory effect, and kellin - on an antispasmodic (relieving spasms) effect.
Indications for use. Used for gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer and hyperacid gastritis (inflammation of the stomach due to persistent acidity).
Method of administration and dosage. Assign inside 1-2 tablets 3 times a day after meals with 1/2 glass of warm water (it is advisable to grind the tablets). The course of treatment usually lasts 1-2-3 months; after a month's break, the course is repeated. During treatment, you must follow a diet.
Side effect. Tablets usually do not cause side effects, sometimes there is an increase in stool frequency, which stops when the dose is reduced. The feces become dark green or black in color while taking the pills.
Release form. Tablets containing: magnesium carbonate basic - 0.4 g, bismuth nitrate basic - 0.35 g, sodium bicarbonate - 0.2 g, powder of calamus rhizome and buckthorn bark - 0.025 g each, rutin etc. kellina - 0.005 g each.
Storage conditions. In a dry, dark place.
MAGNESIUM OXIDE (Magnesii oxydum)
Synonyms: Burnt magnesia.
Pharmachologic effect. Magnesium oxide is one of the main representatives of antacids used to reduce the acidity of gastric juice.
When injected into the stomach, magnesium oxide is not absorbed, it neutralizes the hydrochloric acid of the gastric contents with the formation of magnesium chloride. The release of carbon dioxide does not occur, therefore the antacid (reducing the acidity of the stomach) effect of magnesium oxide is not accompanied by secondary hypersecretion. No alkalosis (alkalinization) phenomena are observed. Passing into the intestines, magnesium chloride has a laxative effect.
Indications for use. With hyperacid gastritis (inflammation of the stomach due to a persistent increase in acidity), gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer.
Method of administration and dosage. Assign inside (0.25-0.5-1 g) with increased acidity of gastric juice, acid poisoning and as a mild laxative (3-5 g per dose).
Usually, antacids are taken 1 / g h before meals. However, it should be borne in mind that when taken on an empty stomach
the antacid effect is short-lived (about 30 minutes), it increases significantly (up to 3-4 hours) when taking antacids after meals. For a long-term antacid effect, it is advisable to take them 1 hour and 3 hours after meals.
Before use, the tablets must be thoroughly crushed.
Release form. Powder and tablets of 0.5 g.
Storage conditions. In a well-sealed container.
MISOPROSTOL (Misoprostol)
Synonyms: Cytotec, Cytotec.
Pharmachologic effect. A synthetic analogue of prostaglandin E. It has antisecretory activity. When taken orally (in the form of tablets), it reduces the secretion (release) of hydrochloric acid, stimulates the secretion of bicarbonate and mucus, and has a cytoprotective (cell-protecting) effect. The action usually develops 30 minutes after ingestion and lasts about 3 hours.
Indications for use. They are used mainly to prevent the ulcerogenic (ulcer-causing) action of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, including acetylsalicylic acid. It is taken simultaneously with anti-inflammatory drugs during the entire time of their intake.
Method of administration and dosage. Assign to adults 0.2 mg (200 mcg) 3-4 times a day with meals. The last dose is taken shortly before bedtime. In case of poor tolerance, a single dose is reduced to 0.1 mg (100 μg). The drug is not prescribed for children under 18 years of age.
Side effect. When using the drug, nausea, diarrhea (diarrhea), stomach pain, rarely - skin rash, edema, drowsiness, hypo- or hypertension (lowering or increasing blood pressure) and other side effects are possible.
Contraindications. Pregnancy (causes contraction of the muscles of the uterus). In case of kidney disease, the dose must be reduced.
Release form. Tablets of 0.2 mg (200 μg) in a package of 100 pieces.
Storage conditions. In a dry place.
Sucralfat
Synonyms: Alsukral, Andapsin, Sakras, Ulkon, Sukrafil, Keal, Sukrat, Algofel, Venter, Gelfos.
Pharmachologic effect. The drug has an antacid (reducing the acidity of the stomach), adsorbing (absorbing) and enveloping effect.
Neutralizes gastric acid, inhibits the secretion of pepsin (an enzyme that breaks down peptides and proteins). When it enters the stomach, it forms a polymeric protective film on the surface of the mucous membrane and has an iitoprotective (protecting cells) effect.
Indications for use. Assign to adults with gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, hyperacid gastritis (inflammation of the stomach due to persistent acidity).
Method of administration and dosage. Take "/ 2-1 hours before meals in a daily dose of 2-4 g (4-8 tablets): 0.5-1 g (1-2 tablets) before breakfast, lunch and dinner and 0.5-1 g (1-2 tablets) before bedtime Tablets are swallowed whole without chewing, drinking a little water The course of treatment is 4-6 weeks or more. If necessary, repeat the course.
Side effect. When taking the drug, constipation is possible. Sucralfate should not be prescribed together with tetracyclines (absorption of tetracyclines is impaired).
Contraindications. Severe kidney damage and pregnancy.
Release form. Tablets of 0.5 g in a package of 100 pieces.
Storage conditions. In a dry, dark place.
PHOSFALUGEL (Fosfalugel)
Synonyms: Phosphaluzhel, Aluminum phosphate, Alfogel, Gasterin.
Colloidal gel containing aluminum phosphate (about 23%). The preparation contains pectin and agaragar gel.
Pharmachologic effect. The drug has an enveloping effect and antacid (reducing the acidity of the stomach) activity, which helps to protect the gastric mucosa.
Indications for use. Used for gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, gastritis (stomach inflammation), dyspepsia (indigestion), food intoxication (poisoning).
Method of administration and dosage. It is taken orally undiluted with a little water or diluted in] / 2 glasses of water (with added sugar).
Dose: 1-2 sachets 2-3 times a day 30 minutes before meals.
Release form. Pre-packaged in plastic bags of 16 g.
Storage conditions. In a dry place.
ANDREWS LIVER SALT
Pharmachologic effect. A combined drug that has an antacid (reducing stomach acidity) effect. Sodium bicarbonate, which is part of it, reduces the acidity of gastric juice. In combination with citric acid, sodium bicarbonate forms a buffer solution, the pH (acid-base state) of which is higher than the pH of the stomach contents, as a result of this, the drug increases the pH (reduces acidity) of the stomach contents, providing an antacid effect. Magnesium sulfate has a laxative effect.
Indications for use. Acute gastritis (inflammation of the stomach), chronic gastritis with normal gastric secretion (secretion of gastric juice) in the acute phase, acute duodenitis (inflammation of the duodenum); peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum in the acute phase; pain, a feeling of discomfort in the epigastrium (the area of \u200b\u200bthe abdomen, located directly under the place of convergence of the costal arches and sternum); heartburn after excessive consumption of alcohol, nicotine, coffee, sweets, inaccuracies in the diet, taking medications; constipation.
Method of administration and dosage. Adults with epigastric pain, heartburn are prescribed 1 teaspoon of powder per 1 glass of water. If necessary, the drug can be used 4 times a day.
For constipation, appoint 2 teaspoons per 1 glass of water in the morning on an empty stomach or before bedtime.
For children under 12 years of age, the drug is prescribed in a dose equal to half the dose for adults.
Side effect. Rarely - pain in the epigastric region.
Contraindications. Hypersensitivity to drug components; diabetes.
Release form. Powder for preparation of solution for oral administration in vials of 227 g and 113 g, in sachets of 5 g. Composition: magnesium sulfate - 17.4%, sodium bicarbonate - 22.6%, citric acid - 19.5%, sucrose - 40.5%.
Storage conditions. In a dry place.
ALUGASTRIN (Alugastrin)
Synonyms: Alugastrin.
Pharmachologic effect. It has an astringent, antacid (reducing stomach acidity), enveloping effect. When ingested, it forms a uniform protective film on the surface of the gastric mucosa.
Indications for use. Used for gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer and hyperacid gastritis (inflammation of the stomach due to persistent acidity).
Method of administration and dosage. It is taken orally for "/ 2-1 hours before meals and before bedtime, 1-2 teaspoons of the suspension (suspension of solid particles in water) or the contents of 1-2 sachets (5 or 10 ml) with a small amount of warm boiled water or without water.
Side effect. Usually the drug is well tolerated; nausea, vomiting are possible.
Release form. In bottles of 250 ml and 5 or 10 ml in plastic bags.
Storage conditions. In tightly sealed bottles (or sachets), protected from light.
BISMUTH NITRATE BASIC (Bismuth! Subnitras)
Pharmachologic effect. Antacid (reducing the acidity of the stomach), astringent, protecting the stomach lining.
Indications for use. As an astringent, weak antiseptic (disinfectant), fixing agent for gastrointestinal diseases. It also has a local astringent and anti-inflammatory effect.
Method of administration and dosage. Inside, 0.25-1 g (for children 0.1-0.3-0.5 g) per reception 4-6 times a day before meals for 15-30 minutes. Topically 1-2 times a day for dermatitis (skin inflammation), erosion (surface defects) and small skin ulcers.
Side effect. With prolonged use in high doses, methemoglobinemia (increased content of methemoglobin in the blood).
Release form. Powder; 10% ointment.
Storage conditions. In a sealed container, protected from light.
BISMOFALK (Bismofalk)
Pharmachologic effect. Combined preparation containing basic bismuth nitrate and bismuth subgallate. An antiulcer agent with bactericidal (destroying bacteria) activity against Helikobacter Pylori, a microorganism that is considered one of the causes of the onset and recurrence (re-manifestation) of chronic gastritis (inflammation of the gastric mucosa) and peptic ulcer disease.
In the acidic environment of the stomach and duodenum, bismuth subgallate and bismuth subnitrate form complexes with glycoproteins (proteins) released from the damaged mucosa. This formed complex containing bismuth forms a protective layer on the surface of erosion (mucosal defect) and ulcers, which protects them from the effects of hydrochloric acid and pepsin (an enzyme that decomposes peptides and proteins). The drug enhances the processes of regeneration (restoration) of the mucous membrane, increases the production of mucus and improves its protective properties.
Indications for use. Stomach ulcer and duodenal ulcer; chronic gastritis in the acute stage; a feeling of fullness in the epigastric region (the area of \u200b\u200bthe abdomen, located just below the convergence of the costal arches and sternum).
Method of administration and dosage. The drug is administered orally, 2 tablets 3 times a day, 1-2 hours before meals. The tablets are taken without chewing, with a small amount of liquid. The duration of treatment is determined by the clinical course of the disease and should be at least 4 weeks, even with a rapid improvement in the condition or the disappearance of complaints. At the same time, as with the use of all bismuth preparations, the duration of treatment should not exceed 8 weeks. If you need to repeat the course, you should take a break of 8 weeks.
Since the drug acts most actively in the acidic contents of the stomach, antacids (drugs that lower the acidity of the stomach), as well as milk, should not be taken simultaneously with Bismofalk. If necessary, these funds are taken no earlier than 30 minutes before taking bismofalk or 30 minutes after taking it, so as not to weaken the effects of bismofalk.
Side effect. Possible dark color of feces due to the formation of bismuth sulfide. With prolonged use in high doses, it is possible to develop encephalopathy (brain diseases associated with the accumulation of bismuth in the central nervous system, characterized by its degenerative changes).
Contraindications. Hypersensitivity to drug components; severe renal failure; pregnancy; lactation. The drug is not prescribed for children under 14 years of age.
Release form. Tablets containing 0.1 g of basic bismuth nitrate and 0.05 g of bismuth subgallate, in a package of 100 pieces.
Storage conditions.
Basic bismuth nitrate is also a part of the preparations of the neoanuzole suppository, the vicair tablets, and the vicalin tablets.
Bismuth subsalicylate
Synonyms: Desmol.
Pharmachologic effect. Antiulcer and antidiarrheal (antidiarrheal) agent, which also has an enveloping and antimicrobial effect. Forms an insoluble protective coating at the site of ulcer localization. Increases the resistance of the mucous membrane to the action of pepsin (an enzyme that decomposes peptides and proteins), hydrochloric acid and enzymes. Increases the production of mucus in the stomach and improves its protective properties. The drug has a nonspecific antidiarrheal effect; usually diarrhea (diarrhea) stops (relieves) within 24 hours.
Indications for use. Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum in the acute stage; chronic gastritis (inflammation of the gastric mucosa) with normal or increased secretory function (formation of gastric juice) in the acute stage; diarrhea of \u200b\u200bvarious origins.
Method of administration and dosage. For the treatment of peptic ulcer, 2 tablespoons of the drug (or 2 tablets) are prescribed every 4 hours, but no more than 6 times a day.
For the treatment of diarrhea, adults are prescribed 2 tablespoons (or 2 tablets) of the drug every 0.5-1 hours (but not more than 8 times a day).
For the treatment of diarrhea, children are prescribed the drug every 0.5-1 hours (but not more than 8 times a day) in the following single doses: at the age of 3-6 years - 1 teaspoon (or Uz tablets), 6-9 years - 2 teaspoons (or 2/3 tablets), 9-12 years old - 1 tablespoon (or 1 tablet). For children under 3 years of age, the drug is prescribed in doses based on the child's body weight as prescribed by a doctor.
If diarrhea lasts more than 48 hours or is accompanied by fever (a sharp rise in body temperature), a doctor's consultation is necessary.
Shake the gel before use.
Side effect. Darkening of the tongue, dark staining of feces are possible.
Contraindications. Information about allergy to acetylsalicylic acid and other salicylates in the anamnesis (medical history).
The drug is prescribed with caution to sick and breastfeeding women.
Care should be taken when prescribing the drug to patients taking anticoagulants, antidiabetic agents or anti-gout agents.
Release form. Tablets containing 0.262 g of bismuth subsalicylate, in a package of 30 pieces. Gel in vials of 237 ml (1 ml - 0.0175 g of bismuth subsalicylate).
Storage conditions. In a carefully sealed package, protected from light.
BISMUTH SUBCITRATE (Bismuth! Subnitras)
Synonyms: Bisnol, Ventrisol, Tribimol, De-Nol, Biskolvdtrat, De-Noltal, Duozol, Ulceron, Bizmat, etc.
Pharmachologic effect. An antiulcer agent with bactericidal (destroying bacteria) activity against Helicobacter pylori -microorganisms, which, apparently, in some cases contribute to the occurrence of chronic gastritis (inflammation of the gastric mucosa) and recurrent (recurrent) peptic ulcer disease.
In the acidic environment of the stomach and duodenum, it forms a protective film on the surface of ulcers and erosions (a defect in the mucous membrane), which contributes to their scarring, increases the resistance of the mucous membrane to the effects of pepsin (an enzyme that decomposes peptides and proteins), hydrochloric acid and enzymes. Increases the activity of cytoprotective (protecting cells) mechanisms, increasing the synthesis of prostaglandin ei and the secretion (release) of bicarbonates.
Indications for use. Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum. Exacerbation of gastroduodenitis (inflammation of the stomach and duodenum) in patients with peptic ulcer disease. Gastritis (inflammation of the stomach lining) caused by Helicobacter pylori.
Method of administration and dosage. The drug is prescribed 1 tablet 3 times a day 30 minutes before breakfast, lunch and dinner and for the 4th time before bedtime. The tablet is washed down with 1-2 sips of water (but not milk). Treatment is carried out for 4-6 weeks. If necessary, it can be extended up to 8 weeks. After that, you should take a break for 8 weeks, during which you should not take other drugs containing bismuth.
If the bacterium Helicobacter pylori is detected in a patient, it is rational to combine treatment with the drug with oral administration of metronidazole 0.25 g 4 times a day for 10 days and / or amoxicillin 0.25 g 4 times a day for 10 days. In order to consolidate remission (temporary weakening or disappearance of the manifestations of the disease) of diseases associated with Helicobacter pylori, as well as persistent sanitation (elimination and prevention of diseases) of the mucous membrane, it is advisable to carry out 3-4 two-week courses of antibacterial therapy (bismuth
subcitrate + amoxicillin, or bismuth subcitrate + metronidazole, or bismuth subcitrate + furazolidone).
30 minutes before and after taking the drug, you should refrain from taking food, liquids and antacids (lowering the acidity of the stomach) drugs.
The drug reduces the absorption of tetracycline.
When used together with other preparations containing bismuth, the risk of increasing the concentration of bismuth in the blood plasma increases.
Side effect. Perhaps the appearance of nausea, vomiting, more frequent stools. Against the background of taking the drug, it is possible to stain the feces in a dark color, as well as a slight darkening of the tongue. With prolonged use of the drug in high doses, it is possible to develop encephalopathy (brain diseases associated with the accumulation of bismuth in the central nervous system, characterized by its degenerative changes).
Contraindications. Severe renal dysfunction, pregnancy, breastfeeding. The drug is not prescribed for children.
Release form. Tablets of 0.12 g of bismuth subcitrate.
Storage conditions. In tightly sealed packages, protected from light.
GASTROFARM (Gastropharm)
Pharmachologic effect. A combined preparation containing dried bacterial bodies of Lactobacillus Bulgaricus and their waste products, protein (25-30%), sucrose. Stimulates the processes of regeneration (recovery) in the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum, regulates the functions of the gastrointestinal tract.
Indications for use. Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum in the acute phase; chronic gastritis (inflammation of the stomach) in the acute phase.
Method of administration and dosage. Assign orally 1-2 tablets 3 times a day 30 minutes before meals. If necessary, the dose is increased to 8-12 tablets per day. The course of treatment is 30 days.
Side effect. Not found.
Contraindications. Hypersensitivity to the drug.
Release form. Tablets in a package of 6 pieces.
Storage conditions. In a dry place.
DALARGIN (Dalarginum)
Pharmachologic effect. Of the pharmacological properties of dalargin, the most noteworthy are its antisecretory (suppressing the secretion of digestive juices) activity, the ability to accelerate the healing of stomach and duodenal ulcers, as well as its hypotensive (lowering blood pressure) effect.
Indications for use. The drug is recommended for use as a therapeutic agent for exacerbations of gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer.
Dalargin is also used in the complex therapy of obliterating diseases of the lower extremities (diseases associated with impaired blood permeability through the arteries of the lower extremities) and alcoholism.
Method of administration and dosage. For gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, dallargin is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. Single dose 0.001 g (1 mg). Intramuscularly injected in 1 ml, and intravenously - in 5-10 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution. Intramuscular injections are done 2 times, and intravenous 1 time per day. If necessary, one-time
the dose is increased to 0.002 g (2 mg), the daily dose (intramuscularly) - up to 5 mg. The course of treatment lasts 3-4 weeks. The total dose of the drug for the course of treatment is 30-50 mg.
With severe pain symptoms, it is possible to simultaneously prescribe antacid (reducing the acidity of the stomach) drugs.
There was also noted a positive effect of dalargin (intravenous slow administration of 1 mg in 10 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution) on the mental functions of patients with alcoholism.
Solutions for injection are prepared immediately before use.
Side effect. Dalargin injections are generally well tolerated; possibly lowering blood pressure.
Contraindications. The drug should not be used during pregnancy and severe hypotension (low blood pressure).
Release form. Lyophilized (dehydrated by freezing in a vacuum) powder or porous mass in ampoules of 0.001 g (1 mg) in a package of 5 pieces.
Storage conditions. List B. In the dark place at a temperature not exceeding +20 ° C.
FLAKARBIN (Flacarbinum)
Pharmachologic effect. A combined drug that has an antispasmodic (relieves spasms), capillary-strengthening (strengthens the walls of the smallest blood vessels), anti-inflammatory effect.
Indications for use. Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum.
Method of administration and dosage. Inside the granules "/ 2 teaspoon 3 times a day before meals, washed down with" / 2 glasses of warm water. The course is 3-4 weeks.
Side effects and contraindications. Not identified.
Release form. Granules in bottles of 100 g. 100 g contains: licurazide and quercetin - 2 g each, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and pectin - 10 g each, glucose - 76 g.
Storage conditions. In a dry, dark place.
ENVIRONMENTAL, ANTACIDAL (REDUCING THE ACIDITY OF THE STOMACH) AND ADSORBATING (ABSORBENT) MEDICINES
See also drugs that protect the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum
, activated carbon, activated charcoal tablets, activated charcoal tablets
"KM" , activated carbon SKN, carbactin, magnesium peroxide.
ALEXITOL SODIUM ( Alexitol sodium)
Synonyms: Aktal.
Pharmachologic effect. An antacid (reducing the acidity of the stomach) drug of local action.
It neutralizes hydrochloric acid in the stomach, lowers the peptic activity (breakdown of proteins) of gastric juice.
Indications for use. Acute gastritis (inflammation of the stomach lining), chronic gastritis with normal
and increased secretory function (secretion of gastric juice) of the stomach in the acute phase, acute duodenitis (inflammation of the duodenum). Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum in the acute phase and to maintain remission (temporary weakening or disappearance of the manifestations of the disease). Hernia of the esophageal opening of the diaphragm. Heartburn after excessive consumption of alcohol, nicotine, coffee, sweets, inaccuracies in the diet, taking medications.
Method of administration and dosage. Usually appoint 360-720 mg (1-2 tablets). The maximum daily dose is 16 tablets. The tablets should be kept in the mouth until they are completely dissolved.
Side effect. Not found.
Contraindications. Hypersensitivity to the drug. Not recommended for children under 12 years of age.
Release form. 360 mg tablets in a package of 24 pieces.
Storage conditions.
ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE ( Aluminii hydroxydum)
Synonyms: Aluminum hydroxide, Aluminum hydroxide, Compensation.
Pharmachologic effect. It has antatschie (reducing the acidity of the stomach), adsorbing (absorbing excess acid and gases) and enveloping properties.
The drug neutralizes hydrochloric (hydrochloric) acid (1 g neutralizes about 250 ml of 0.1 N hydrochloric acid solution) with the formation of aluminum chloride and water; The pH (acid-base state) of gastric juice gradually rises to 3.5-4.5 and remains at this level for several hours. At this pH value, not only the acidity of gastric juice decreases, but also its peptic (proteolytic - protein breakdown) activity is strongly inhibited. In the alkaline contents of the intestine, aluminum chloride forms insoluble (and non-absorbable) aluminum compounds (phosphates, etc.) and chlorine ions. Chlorine ions are reabsorbed (they are reabsorbed), so alkalosis (alkalization) does not develop.
Indications for use. Inside, aluminum hydroxide is prescribed with increased acidity of gastric juice, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, acute and chronic hyperacid gastritis (inflammation of the stomach due to persistent acidity) and food poisoning.
Due to the fact that aluminum hydroxide binds phosphates and delays their absorption from the gastrointestinal tract, it is used in hyperphosphatemia (increased content of phosphates in the blood) accompanying renal failure.
Method of administration and dosage. Inside, it is prescribed in the form of a suspension (4%) in water (suspension of solid particles in water), usually 1-2 teaspoons 4-6 times a day.
Side effect. When using aluminum hydroxide, constipation may develop. In combination with magnesium oxide (see Gastal), the antacid effect is enhanced and the possibility of constipation decreases.
Contraindications. In case of severe renal dysfunction, aluminum preparations are contraindicated.
Release form. Powder.
Storage conditions. In a dry place ^
ALMAGEL
( Almagel)
Combined preparation containing aluminum hydroxide (gel), magnesium oxide,D-sorbitol.
Pharmachologic effect. Antacid (reducing the acidity of the stomach), adsorbing (absorbing excess acid and gases), enveloping agent.
Indications for use. Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, acute and chronic hyperacid gastritis (inflammation of the stomach due to persistent increase in acidity), esophagitis (inflammation of the esophagus) and other diseases accompanied by high acidity.
Method of administration and dosage. Inside, 1-2 teaspoons 4 times a day, half an hour before meals and before bedtime. To avoid dilution of the drug, you should not take liquid in the first 30 minutes after taking it. It is recommended to lie down after taking the drug and turn over from side to side several times every 1-2 minutes to improve the distribution of the drug along the gastric mucosa. The course of treatment is 3-4 weeks.
Side effect.
Release form. 170 ml bottles. 5 ml of the preparation includes: aluminum hydroxide (gel) - 4.75 ml, magnesium oxide with the additionD-sorbitol - 100 mg.
Storage conditions.
ALMAGEL - A (Almagel-A)
Combined preparation containing aluminum hydroxide (gel), magnesium oxide, anesthesin,D-sorbitol.
Indications for use. It is used for the same diseases as Almagel, in cases where they are accompanied by pain, nausea and vomiting.
Method of administration and dosage. Inside, 1-2 teaspoons 4 times a day, half an hour before meals and before bedtime. To avoid dilution of the drug, you should not take liquid in the first 30 minutes after taking it. After taking the drug, it is recommended to lie down and turn over from side to side several times every 1-2 minutes to improve the distribution of the drug along the gastric mucosa. The course of treatment is 3-4 weeks.
Side effect. In some cases, constipation is possible.
Release form. 170 ml bottles. 5 ml of the preparation includes: aluminum hydroxide (gel) - 4.75 ml, magnesium oxide with the addition of oxideD - sorbitol - 100 mg, anesthesin - 100 mg.
Storage conditions. In a cool place; freezing is not allowed.
ANACID
( Anacid)
Pharmachologic effect. Antacid (reducing stomach acidity) drug. Its components - alyeldrate (aluminum hydroxide) and magnesium hydroxide - neutralize free hydrochloric acid, which leads to a decrease in the peptic activity (breakdown of proteins) of gastric juice. Alyldrat also has an adsorbing (absorbing excess acid and gases) and enveloping effect, reducing the effect of damaging factors on the mucous membrane; in addition, it binds phosphates and interferes with their absorption (absorption) from the gastrointestinal tract.
Indications for use. Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum in the acute phase; symptomatic ulcers (rapidly developing stomach and duodenal ulcers due to stress on the body, taking medications or diseases of other internal organs) of various origins (causes); erosion (superficial defect) of the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract; hyperacid gastritis (inflammation of the gastric mucosa due to increased acidity); acute gastritis of various origins (causes), including when poisoning with caustic substances; irritable stomach syndrome; reflux esophagitis (inflammation of the esophagus caused by gastric emptying
into the esophagus); acute duodenitis (inflammation of the duodenum); acute and chronic recurrent (recurring) pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas); digestive disorders resulting from the use of certain drugs, for example, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, glucocorticosteroids, as well as their prevention; discomfort or pain in the epigastrium (the area of \u200b\u200bthe abdomen, located directly under the place of convergence of the costal arches and sternum), heartburn after errors in the diet, excessive consumption of alcohol, nicotine, coffee, etc.; as an adjuvant for fermentative and putrefactive dyspepsia (indigestion in the intestine, characterized by impaired digestion of carbohydrates and proteins); hyperphosphatemia (high levels of phosphorus in the blood).
Method of administration and dosage. For systematic therapy, the contents of 1-2 sachets are prescribed 4-6 times a day in the intervals between meals, as well as for pain and heartburn (including at night). The course of treatment is usually 4-6 weeks.
For reflux esophagitis, take the contents of 1 sachet shortly after eating.
With occasional use (for example, with discomfort after errors in the diet, etc.), take the contents of 1-2 sachets once.
Before using the drug, knead the contents of the sachet between your fingers.
Side effect. With prolonged use in high doses (more than 200 ml per day), hypophosphatemia (a decrease in the phosphorus content in the blood), hypercalciuria (an increase in the calcium content in the urine) may develop. In elderly patients - osteomalacia (softening of the bones), bone pain, in young people - nephrocalcinosis (a disease accompanied by the accumulation of insoluble calcium salts in the kidney tissue), impaired renal function. Streets with impaired renal function when using the drug in high doses may develop hypermagnesemia (increased serum magnesium), manifested by thirst, arterial hypotension (lowering blood pressure), and decreased reflexes.
Contraindications.
Release form. Suspension (suspension) for oral administration, 5 ml in a sachet. 1 sachet contains algeldrate (aluminum hydroxide) and magnesium hydroxide 250 mg each.
Storage conditions. Store in a cool dry place.
GASTAL ( Gastal)
Pharmachologic effect. Combined preparation containing aluminum hydroxide, magnesium carbonate and magnesium oxide. The combination of active ingredients provides a high antacid (reducing stomach acidity) effect and reduces the possibility of constipation.
Indications for use. The same as for aluminum hydroxide.
Method of administration and dosage. Take 1-2 tablets 4-6 times a day (1 hour after meals). The tablets should be swallowed without chewing.
Side effects and contraindications the same as for anacid.
Release form. Tablets containing aluminum hydroxide 0.45 g, magnesium carbonate and magnesium oxide 0.3 g each, in a package of 60 pieces.
Storage conditions. In a dry place.
MAALOX ( Maalox)
Synonyms: Maalox 70.
Pharmachologic effect. A balanced combination of magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide,
providing high neutralizing ability and protective effect. It has an antacid (reducing the acidity of the stomach), adsorbing (absorbing excess acid and gases) and enveloping effect, soothes pain in the upper digestive tract for several hours after ingestion. The acid-neutralizing activity of 1 tablet of Maalox is 18.5 meq of hydrochloric acid, 15 ml of suspension (1 sachet) is 40.5 meq.
Indications for use. Acute gastritis (stomach inflammation) chronic gastritis fromnormal or increased secretory function (secretion of gastric juice) in the acute phase; hernia of the esophageal opening of the diaphragm; peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum in the acute phase; discomfort in the stomach after errors in diet, medication and abuse of coffee, alcohol, nicotine.
Method of administration and dosage. Usually the drug is taken 1-1.5 hours after a meal or when pain occurs. Tablets are taken in 1-2 pieces. The tablets must be chewed or kept in the mouth until they are completely absorbed. Maalox in the form of a suspension is taken in 15 ml (1 tablespoon or 1 packet). Before use, the suspension must be stirred until smooth by shaking the bottle or carefully kneading the bag between your fingers. The contents of the bag are squeezed into a spoon or directly into the mouth.
Side effect. With prolonged use, it is possible to develop a phosphorus deficiency in the body.
Contraindications. Severe renal dysfunction.
Release form. Tablets in a package of 40 pieces. Suspension for oral administration in 250 ml vials. Suspension for oral administration in sachets in a package of 30 pieces.
1 tablet, 100 ml of suspension in vials or 1 sachet of suspension contains: algeldrate (aluminum hydroxide) -0.4 g, 3.49 g or 0.5235 g, respectively, and magnesium hydroxide 0.4 g, 3.99 g or 0.5985 g, respectively.
Maalox 70 (Maalox 70). Suspension for oral administration in 10 ml sachets in a package of 20 or 50 pieces; in bottles of 250 ml. 10 ml of the suspension contains 0.9 g of algeldrate (aluminum hydroxide) and 0.6 g of magnesium hydroxide.
Storage conditions. Store in a cool dry place.
MAALOX HRF (Maalox HRF)
Pharmachologic effect. Combined preparation containing magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide. It has an antacid (reducing stomach acidity) effect. Provides fast and effective neutralization of hydrochloric acid in the stomach, eliminates stomach discomfort, relieves (relieves) heartburn.
Indications for use. Heartburn after excessive consumption of alcohol, nicotine, coffee, sweets, medication, diet errors; chronic gastritis (inflammation of the stomach) with increased and normal secretory function (secretion of gastric juice) in the acute phase; acute gastric duodenitis (inflammation of the stomach and duodenum); peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum in the acute phase; hernia of the esophageal opening of the diaphragm; discomfort or pain in the epigastrium (the area of \u200b\u200bthe abdomen located directly below the convergence of the costal arches and sternum).
Method of administration and dosage. Assign 2-4 tablets or 2-4 teaspoons of the suspension after each meal and at night. The tablets should be chewed and washed down with 1/2 glass of water. The maximum daily dose is 16 tablets (or 16 teaspoons of the suspension). The maximum dose of the drug should not be taken more than
2 weeks.
Side effect. With prolonged use of the drug, it is possible to increase the concentration of aluminum or magnesium in the blood serum, the development of phosphorus deficiency in the body.
Contraindications. Severe renal dysfunction; simultaneous appointment with antibacterial agents of the tetracycline series (see page 700).
Release form. Tablets in packs of 30 and 60 pieces. Suspension for oral administration in vials of 296 ml. 1 tablet contains 0.18 g of algeldrate (aluminum hydroxide) and 0.16 g of mania carbonate. 1 teaspoon of suspension - 0.14 g of algeldrate (aluminum hydroxide) and 0.175 g of mania carbonate.
Storage conditions. Tablets - in a dry place, suspension - in a cool place.
NAMAGEL CHERRY (Namagel cherry)
Pharmachologic effect. Combined preparation containing magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide. It has antacid (reducing the acidity of the stomach), enveloping and adsorbing (absorbing excess acid and gases) effect. The drug forms a stable protective film and prevents gastric juice from acting on the gastric mucosa. Provides long-term neutralization of gastric juice and reduces the high content of hydrochloric acid in it, maintaining the pH (acid-base state) within 4.0-4.5. The drug is not absorbed, does not affect the acid-base balance and electrolyte balance, with prolonged use does not cause alkalosis (peeling) and the formation of calculi (stones) in the urinary tract. The flavoring additive gives the dosage form a cherry flavor.
Indications for use. Prevention and treatment of gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer; chronic gastritis (inflammation of the stomach) with normal or increased secretory activity (secretion of gastric juice) in the acute phase; esophagitis (inflammation of the esophagus); heartburn, including with toxicosis of pregnant women; other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, in which a decrease in gastric acidity is shown.
Method of administration and dosage. The dose of the drug is set individually, depending on the indications and effectiveness of the drug. Usually prescribed 2-4 teaspoons 4 times a day, 20 minutes - 1 hour after meals and before bedtime. Namagel cherry can be washed down with water or milk.
Side effect. An increase in the concentration of aluminum or magnesium in the blood serum, the development of a phosphorus deficiency in the body is possible.
Contraindications. Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, severe renal dysfunction.
Release form. Gel for oral administration in 355 ml vials. 5 ml contains 0.2 g of magnesium hydroxide and 0.225 g of aluminum hydroxide, as well as a flavoring additive that gives the taste of cherry.
Storage conditions. In a cool place.
NASIGEL CHERRY
(Nasigel cherry)
Pharmachologic effect. Combined preparation containing aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and simethicone. It has antacid (reducing the acidity of the stomach), enveloping and adsorbing (absorbing excess acid and gases) effect. It neutralizes hydrochloric acid in the stomach, reduces the acidity of gastric juice. The gel forms a stable protective film, preventing the effect on the mucous membrane of gastric juice and the penetration of pathogenic (pathogenic) microorganisms. The effect of the drug is enhanced by simethicone, which reduces excess gas formation due to high acidity. The flavoring additive gives the preparation a cherry flavor.
Indications for use. Prevention and treatment of gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, especially with concomitant phenomena of flatulence (accumulation of gases in the intestines); acute and chronic gastritis (inflammation of the stomach) with normal and increased secretory function (secretion of gastric juice), especially with the concomitant phenomena of flatulence; symptomatic (improving the patient's condition, but not affecting the immediate cause of the disease) treatment of heartburn; other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, in which a decrease in the acidity of gastric juice is shown, as well as the elimination of flatulence. The drug can be prescribed to patients with diabetes mellitus.
Method of administration and dosage. The dose of the drug is set individually, depending on the indications and effectiveness of the drug. Usually a single dose is 2-4 teaspoons. The drug is prescribed between meals and at bedtime. You should not take more than 24 teaspoons of the drug per day, and also take the maximum dose for more than 2 weeks without a doctor's prescription.
Side effect. It is possible to increase the concentration of aluminum and magnesium in the blood serum, the development of phosphorus deficiency in the body.
Contraindications. Hypersensitivity to drug components; severe renal dysfunction.
Release form. Gel for oral administration in 355 ml vials. 5 ml contains: aluminum hydroxide - 0.2 g, magnesium hydroxide - 0.2 g, simethicone - 0.02 g, as well as a food additive that gives cherry flavor.
Storage conditions. In a cool place.
GELUSIL ( Gelusil)
Pharmachologic effect. Antacid (reducing the acidity of the stomach), enveloping, adsorbing (absorbing excess acid and gases) agent.
Indications for use.
Method of administration and dosage. With an exacerbation of gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer and dyspeptic syndrome (digestive disorders) of another genesis (cause), 2 teaspoons are prescribed 1 and 3 hours after a meal. If necessary, additional intake of the drug is possible. The drug can be mixed with milk or water.
Side effect. Constipation is possible. In patients with impaired renal function with long-term administration of the drug in high doses, hypermagnesemia may develop (an increase in the content of magnesium in the blood serum).
Contraindications. Severe renal dysfunction.
Release form. Suspension 12 ml, containing 0.172 g of aluminum-magnesium silicate in 1 ml, in bags of 20 and 50 pieces.
Storage conditions. Store in a cool dry place.
GELUSIL-LAC ( Gelusil - Iac)
Pharmachologic effect. Antacid (reducing the acidity of the stomach), enveloping, adsorbing (absorbing excess acid and gases) agent. The drug neutralizes hydrochloric acid and forms a protective film on the surface of the stomach and duodenum.
Indications for use. Acute gastritis (stomach inflammation); chronic gastritis with increased and normal gastric secretory function (secretion of gastric juice) in the acute phase; acute duodenitis (inflammation of the duodenum); peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum in the acute phase; hernia of the esophageal opening of the diaphragm. Discomfort or pain in the epigastrium (the area of \u200b\u200bthe abdomen located directly under the place of convergence of the costal arches and sternum), heartburn after excessive consumption of alcohol, nicotine, coffee, medication, diet errors.
Method of administration and dosage. Assign 1 tablet 3-6 times a day 1-2 hours after meals. The tablets should be chewed or sucked. In powder form, take 3-6 times a day 1-2 hours after meals, dissolving 1 powder in 1/4 cup of water.
Side effect. Possible constipation, allergic reactions (mainly to the milk that is part of the drug).
Contraindications. Severe renal dysfunction, hypersensitivity to drug components.
Release form. Tablets containing 0.5 g of magnesium-aluminum silicate in the form of a hydrate and 0.3 g of skim milk in a package of 40 pieces. Powder (1 g contains magnesium-aluminum-silicate in the form of a hydrate 0.156 g and skim milk powder) in a package of 10 pieces.
Storage conditions. Store in a cool dry place.
WHITE CLAY ( Bolus alba)
Pharmachologic effect. An enveloping and absorbent (absorbent) agent.
Indications for use. For skin diseases and gastrointestinal diseases (colic, enteritis).
Method of administration and dosage. Outwardly in the form of powders, ointments, pastes for skin diseases; inside 10-20 g 2-3 times a day for gastrointestinal diseases.
Release form. Powder.
Storage conditions. In a well-sealed container.
CALCIUM CARBONATE DEPOSITED ( Calcii carbonas praecipitatus)
Synonyms: Chalk besieged.
Pharmachologic effect. It has a pronounced antacid (reducing stomach acidity) activity. Acts quickly, but after the cessation of the buffering effect, increases the secretion of gastric juice.
Indications for use. Diseases of the digestive tract, occurring with increased secretion and acidity of gastric juice.
Method of administration and dosage. Assign inside 0.25-1 g with increased acidity of gastric juice 2-3 times a day. Also included in tooth powders and pastes.
Side effect. With prolonged use, constipation is possible.
Release form. Powder.
Storage conditions. In a well-sealed container.
KALMAGIN ( Calmaginum)
A combined preparation containing basic magnesium carbonate, precipitated calcium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sugar, aerosil.
Pharmachologic effect. It has an antacid (reducing stomach acidity) effect.
Indications for use. Assign to children with diseases of the digestive tract, occurring with increased secretion and acidity of gastric juice.
Method of administration and dosage. It is taken orally in the form of a suspension (suspension of solid particles in a liquid), to obtain which freshly boiled warm (35 ° C) water is added to a jar with granules to the mark and shaken periodically for 30 minutes. Children aged 3-6 years are given 5 ml of the suspension at a time, 7-12 years old - 7.5 ml each, 13 years and older - 15 ml or more. Take 30 minutes before meals or between meals 4-6 times a day. The course of treatment is 3-4 weeks.
Release form. Granules (75 g) containing: basic magnesium carbonate - 4.5 g, precipitated calcium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate - 3 g each, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose - 0.3 g, refined sugar - 63.45 g and aerosil - 0, 75 g, in 150 ml jars with a measuring cup (screw stopper).
Storage conditions. In a dry, dark place.
CALCIUM CARBONATE + MAGNESIUM CARBONATE ( Calcium carbonate + magnesium carbonate)
Synonyms: Rennie, Tams.
Pharmachologic effect. Combined drug that has an antacid (reducing the acidity of the stomach) effect. It neutralizes free hydrochloric acid in the stomach, reduces peptic activity (breakdown of proteins) of gastric juice. The effect of the drug is not accompanied by secondary hypersecretion (increased release after taking the drug) of hydrochloric acid and changes in acid-base balance. The drug contains calcium necessary for the body.
Indications for use. Dyspeptic symptoms (digestive disorders), including heartburn; refluxesophagitis (inflammation of the esophagus caused by the throwing of gastric contents into the esophagus), discomfort or pain in the epigastrium (the area of \u200b\u200bthe abdomen located directly under the convergence of the costal arches and sternum), hyperacidity (accompanied by high acidity) conditions (as part of combination therapy), flatulence (congestion gases in the intestines).
Method of administration and dosage. Adults and children over 12 years of age are prescribed 2 tablets when symptoms occur or after meals (every 2 hours if necessary). The tablets should be kept in the mouth until completely absorbed. Do not take more than 12 tablets per day.
Side effect. Changes in stool consistency are possible. When using doses exceeding the recommended ones, secondary hypersecretion (increased secretion) of gastric juice is possible several hours after the last dose of the drug. With long-term use of high doses of the drug, hypercalcemia (increased calcium in the blood) is possible, which disappears after the drug is discontinued.
Contraindications. Severe renal dysfunction, hypercalcemia. Hypersensitivity to drug components. When prescribing the drug during pregnancy and lactation, the ratio of the expected effect of prescribing the drug and the possible risk should be taken into account. Not recommended for children under 12 years of age.
Release form. Tablets in a package of 15 pieces (1 tablet contains calcium carbonate 600 mg and magnesium carbonate 125 mg). Chewable tablets in a package of 24 pieces (1 tablet contains calcium carbonate 680 mg and magnesium carbonate 80 mg).
Storage conditions. In a dry place at a temperature not higher than +25 ° С.
STARCH ( Amytum)
Obtained from wheat grains - wheat starch (Amylum Tritici), corn (Amylum Maydis), rice (Amylum Oryzae ), from potato tubers (Amylum Solani).
It is insoluble in cold water, in hot water it forms a colloidal solution (Mucilago Amyli).
Indications for use. It is prescribed as an enveloping agent to protect sensitive nerve endings from irritants and to slow down the absorption of drugs.
Method of administration and dosage. Outwardly (in the form of dusts and powders with zinc oxide, talc, etc.), internally and in enemas (in the form of starch paste or mucus).
Release form. Powder.
Storage conditions. In a dry place.
LIQUIRITON ( Liquiritonum)
Contains the sum of flavonoids from licorice root.
Pharmachologic effect. It has antispasmodic (relieves spasms), anti-inflammatory and moderate antacid (ability to reduce stomach acidity) properties.
Indications for use. In case of exacerbation and for the prevention of gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, with chronic gastritis with preserved gastric secretory function, erosive gastritis (inflammation of the gastric mucosa with the formation of its defects).
Method of administration and dosage. Inside, 0.1-0.2 g 3-4 times a day 20-30 minutes before meals for 4-5 weeks; after a 10-12 day break, the course of treatment is repeated.
Release form. Tablets of 0.1 in a package of 25 pieces.
Storage conditions. In a dry, dark place.
FLAX SEEDS ( Semena Lini)
Ripe and dried flax seeds (Linum usitatissinum L.), fam. flaxseeds (Linaceae ). Contains flaxseed oil (Oleum Lini) and mucus.
Indications for use. Used as an enveloping and emollient.
Method of administration and dosage. Externally for poultices and internally in the form of flaxseed slime, which is prepared from 1 part whole flaxseed and 30 parts hot waterextempore (before use).
Release form. In cardboard boxes of 200 g.
Storage conditions. In a dry place.
MAGNESIUM CARBONATE BASIC ( Magnesii subcarbonas)
Synonyms: White magnesia.
Indications for use. As an enveloping, antacid (reducing stomach acidity) and mild laxative.
Method of administration and dosage. Inside, adults are prescribed 1-3 g, children under 1 year old - 0.5 g each, from 2 to 5 years old - 1-1.5 g each, from 6 to 12 years old - 1-2 g per dose 2-3 once a day. Apply externally as a powder.
Release form. Powder and tablets containing basic magnesium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate 0.5 g each.
Storage conditions. In a well-sealed container.
TABLETS "VICAIR" ( Tabulettae "Vicairum")
Synonyms: Rother.
Indications for use.
Method of administration and dosage. Assign inside after meals (after 1-11 / 2 hours), 1-2 tablets 3 times a day. Drink with a small amount (1/4 cup) of water.
Side effect. Feces while taking Vikair tablets turns dark.
Release form. Tablets containing: basic bismuth nitrate -0.35 g, basic magnesium carbonate - 0.4 g, sodium bicarbonate - 0.2 g, powder of calamus rhizome and buckthorn bark (finely ground) - 0.025 g each, in a package of 100 pieces ...
Storage conditions. In a dry, dark place.
- TABLETS "VIKALIN" ( Tabulettae "Vicalinum")
Pharmachologic effect. The tablets have a complex effect. Basic bismuth nitrate, sodium bicarbonate and magnesium carbonate provide antacid (reducing stomach acidity) and astringent effect, buckthorn bark (albeit in a small dose) contributes to a laxative effect. The presence of rutin allows you to count on some anti-inflammatory effect, and kellin - on an antispasmodic (relieving spasms) effect.
Indications for use. Used for gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer and hyperacid gastritis (inflammation of the stomach due to persistent acidity increase).
Method of administration and dosage. Assign inside 1-2 tablets 3 times a day after meals with 1/2 glass of warm water (it is advisable to grind the tablets). The course of treatment usually lasts 1-2-3 months; after a month's break, the course is repeated. During treatment, you must follow a diet.
Side effect. Tablets usually do not cause side effects, sometimes there is an increase in stool frequency, which stops when the dose is reduced. The feces become dark green or black in color while taking the pills.
Release form. Tablets containing: magnesium carbonate basic - 0.4 g, bismuth nitrate basic - 0.35 g, sodium bicarbonate - 0.2 g, powder of calamus rhizome and buckthorn bark - 0.025 g each, rutin etc. kellina - 0.005 g each.
Storage conditions. In a dry, dark place.
MAGNESIUM OXIDE ( Magnesii oxydum)
Synonyms: Burnt magnesia.
Pharmachologic effect. Magnesium oxide is one of the main representatives of antacids used to reduce the acidity of gastric juice.
When injected into the stomach, magnesium oxide is not absorbed, it neutralizes the hydrochloric acid of the gastric contents with the formation of magnesium chloride. The release of carbon dioxide does not occur, therefore the antacid (reducing the acidity of the stomach) effect of magnesium oxide is not accompanied by secondary hypersecretion. No alkalosis (alkalinization) phenomena are observed. Passing into the intestines, magnesium chloride has a laxative effect.
Indications for use. With hyperacid gastritis (inflammation of the stomach due to a persistent increase in acidity), gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer.
Method of administration and dosage. Assign inside (0.25-0.5-1 g) with increased acidity of gastric juice, acid poisoning and as a mild laxative (3-5 g per dose).
Usually, antacids are mistaken for / rh before meals. However, it should be borne in mind that when taken on an empty stomach
the antacid effect is short-lived (about 30 minutes), it increases significantly (up to 3-4 hours) when taking antacids after meals. For a long-term antacid effect, it is advisable to take them 1 hour and 3 hours after meals.
Before use, the tablets must be thoroughly crushed.
Release form. Powder and tablets of 0.5 g.
Storage conditions. In a well-sealed container.
MISOPROSTOL ( Misoprostol)
Synonyms: Cytotec, Cytotec.
Pharmachologic effect. A synthetic analogue of prostaglandin E. It has antisecretory activity. When taken orally (in the form of tablets), it reduces the secretion (release) of hydrochloric acid, stimulates the secretion of bicarbonate and mucus, and has a cytoprotective (cell-protecting) effect. The action usually develops 30 minutes after ingestion and lasts about 3 hours.
Indications for use. They are used mainly to prevent the ulcerogenic (ulcer-causing) action of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, including acetylsalicylic acid. It is taken simultaneously with anti-inflammatory drugs during the entire time of their intake.
Method of administration and dosage. Assign to adults 0.2 mg (200 mcg) 3-4 times a day with meals. The last dose is taken shortly before bedtime. In case of poor tolerance, a single dose is reduced to 0.1 mg (100 μg). The drug is not prescribed for children under 18 years of age.
Side effect. When using the drug, nausea, diarrhea (diarrhea), stomach pains, rarely skin rash, edema, drowsiness, hypo- or hypertension (lowering or increasing blood pressure) and other side effects are possible.
Contraindications. Pregnancy (causes contraction of the muscles of the uterus). In case of kidney disease, the dose must be reduced.
Release form. Tablets of 0.2 mg (200 mcg) in a package of 100 pieces.
Storage conditions. In a dry place.
SUKRALFATE ( Sucralfat)
Synonyms: Alsukral, Andapsin, Sakras, Ulkon, Sukrafil, Keal, Sukrat, Algofel, Venter, Gelfos.
Pharmachologic effect. The drug has an antacid (reducing the acidity of the stomach), adsorbing (absorbing) and enveloping effect.
Neutralizes gastric acid, inhibits the secretion of pepsin (an enzyme that breaks down peptides and proteins). When it enters the stomach on the surface of the mucous membrane, it forms a polymeric protective film and has an iitoprotective (protecting cells) effect.
Indications for use. Assign to adults with gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, hyperacid gastritis (inflammation of the stomach due to persistent acidity).
Method of administration and dosage. Take "/ 2-1 hours before meals in a daily dose of 2-4 g (4-8 tablets): 0.5-1 g (1-2 tablets) before breakfast, lunch and dinner and 0.5-1 g (1-2 tablets) before bedtime Tablets are swallowed whole without chewing, drinking a little water The course of treatment is 4-6 weeks or more. If necessary, the course is repeated.
Side effect. When taking the drug, constipation is possible. Sucralfate should not be prescribed together with tetracyclines (absorption of tetracyclines is impaired).
Contraindications. Severe kidney damage and pregnancy.
Release form. Tablets of 0.5 g in a package of 100 pieces.
Storage conditions. In a dry, dark place.
PHOSPHALUGEL (Fosfalugel)
Synonyms: Phosphaluzhel, Aluminum phosphate, Alfogel, Gasterin.
Colloidal gel containing aluminum phosphate (about 23%). The preparation contains pectin and agaragar gel.
Pharmachologic effect. The drug has an enveloping effect and antacid (reducing the acidity of the stomach) activity, which helps to protect the gastric mucosa.
Indications for use. Used for gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, gastritis (stomach inflammation), dyspepsia (indigestion), food intoxication (poisoning).
Method of administration and dosage. It is taken orally undiluted with a little water or diluted in] / 2 glasses of water (with added sugar).
Dose: 1-2 sachets 2-3 times a day 30 minutes before meals.
Release form. Pre-packaged in plastic bags of 16 g.
Storage conditions. In a dry place.
ANDREWS LIVER SALT (Andrews liver salts)
Pharmachologic effect. A combined drug that has an antacid (reducing stomach acidity) effect. Sodium bicarbonate, which is part of it, reduces the acidity of gastric juice. In combination with citric acid, sodium bicarbonate forms a buffer solution,P H (indicator of acid-base state) which is higher thanP H contents of the stomach, as a result of which the drug increasesP H (reduces acidity) of the contents of the stomach, providing an antacid effect. Magnesium sulfate has a laxative effect.
Indications for use. Acute gastritis (inflammation of the stomach), chronic gastritis with normal gastric secretion (secretion of gastric juice) in the acute phase, acute duodenitis (inflammation of the duodenum); peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum in the acute phase; pain, a feeling of discomfort in the epigastrium (the area of \u200b\u200bthe abdomen, located directly under the place of convergence of the costal arches and sternum); heartburn after excessive consumption of alcohol, nicotine, coffee, sweets, inaccuracies in the diet, taking medications; constipation.
Method of administration and dosage. Adults with epigastric pain, heartburn are prescribed 1 teaspoon of powder per 1 glass of water. If necessary, the drug can be used 4 times a day.
For constipation, appoint 2 teaspoons per 1 glass of water in the morning on an empty stomach or before bedtime.
For children under 12 years of age, the drug is prescribed in a dose equal to half the dose for adults.
Side effect. Rarely - pain in the epigastric region.
Contraindications. Hypersensitivity to drug components; diabetes.
Release form. Powder for preparation of solution for oral administration in vials of 227 g and 113 g, in sachets of 5 g. Composition: magnesium sulfate - 17.4%, sodium bicarbonate - 22.6%, citric acid - 19.5%, sucrose - 40.5%.
Storage conditions. In a dry place.
ALYUGASTRIN (Alugastrin)
Synonyms: Alugastrin.
Pharmachologic effect. It has an astringent, antacid (reducing stomach acidity), enveloping effect. When ingested, it forms a uniform protective film on the surface of the gastric mucosa.
Indications for use. Used for gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer and hyperacid gastritis (inflammation of the stomach due to persistent acidity increase).
Method of administration and dosage. It is taken orally for "/ 2-1 hours before meals and before bedtime, 1-2 teaspoons of the suspension (suspension of solid particles in water) or the contents of 1-2 sachets (5 or 10 ml) with a small amount of warm boiled water or without water.
Side effect. Usually the drug is well tolerated; nausea, vomiting are possible.
Contraindications. It is not recommended to use the drug in severe renal impairment.
Release form. In bottles of 250 ml and 5 or 10 ml in plastic bags.
Storage conditions. In tightly sealed bottles (or sachets), protected from light.
BISMUTH NITRATE, BASIC (Bismuth! Subnitras)
Pharmachologic effect. Antacid (reducing the acidity of the stomach), astringent, protecting the stomach lining.
Indications for use. As an astringent, weak antiseptic (disinfectant), fixing agent for gastrointestinal diseases. It also has a local astringent and anti-inflammatory effect.
Method of administration and dosage. Inside, 0.25-1 g (children 0.1-0.3-0.5 g) per reception 4-6 times a day before meals for 15-30 minutes. Topically 1-2 times a day for dermatitis (skin inflammation), erosion (surface defects) and small skin ulcers.
Side effect. With prolonged use in high doses, methemoglobinemia (increased content of methemoglobin in the blood).
Release form. Powder; 10% ointment.
Storage conditions. In a sealed container, protected from light.
BISMOFALK (Bismofalk)
Pharmachologic effect. Combined preparation containing basic bismuth nitrate and bismuth subgallate. Antiulcer agent with bactericidal (destroying bacteria) activity againstHelikobacter Pylori - a microorganism, which is considered as one of the causes of the onset and recurrence (re-manifestation) of chronic gastritis (inflammation of the gastric mucosa) and peptic ulcer disease.
In the acidic environment of the stomach and duodenum, bismuth subgallate and bismuth subnitrate form complexes with glycoproteins (proteins) released from the damaged mucosa. This resulting complex containing bismuth forms a protective layer on the surface of erosions (mucosal defect) and ulcers, which protects them from the effects of hydrochloric acid and pepsin (an enzyme that decomposes peptides and proteins). The drug enhances the processes of regeneration (restoration) of the mucous membrane, increases the production of mucus and improves its protective properties.
Indications for use. Stomach ulcer and duodenal ulcer; chronic gastritis in the acute stage; a feeling of fullness in the epigastric region (the area of \u200b\u200bthe abdomen located directly below the convergence of the costal arches and sternum).
Method of administration and dosage. The drug is administered orally, 2 tablets 3 times a day, 1-2 hours before meals. The tablets are taken without chewing, with a small amount of liquid. The duration of treatment is determined by the clinical course of the disease and should be at least 4 weeks, even with a rapid improvement in the condition or the disappearance of complaints. At the same time, as with all bismuth preparations, the duration of treatment should not be more than 8 weeks. If you need to repeat the course, you should take a break of 8 weeks.
Since the drug acts most actively in the acidic contents of the stomach, antacids (drugs that lower the acidity of the stomach), as well as milk, should not be taken simultaneously with Bismofalk. If necessary, these funds are taken no earlier than 30 minutes before taking bismofalk or 30 minutes after taking it, so as not to weaken the effects of bismofalk.
Side effect. Possible dark color of feces due to the formation of bismuth sulfide. With prolonged use in high doses, it is possible to develop encephalopathy (brain diseases associated with the accumulation of bismuth in the central nervous system, characterized by its degenerative changes).
Contraindications. Hypersensitivity to drug components; severe renal failure; pregnancy; lactation. The drug is not prescribed for children under 14 years of age.
Release form. Tablets containing 0.1 g of basic bismuth nitrate and 0.05 g of bismuth subgallate, in a package of 100 pieces.
Storage conditions.
Basic bismuth nitrate is also a part of preparations candles "neoanuzole", vikair tablets, pills "vikalin".
BISMUTA SUBSALICILATE (Bismuth subsalicylate)
Synonyms: Desmol.
Pharmachologic effect. Antiulcer and antidiarrheal (antidiarrheal) agent, which also has an enveloping and antimicrobial effect. Forms an insoluble protective coating at the site of ulcer localization. Increases the resistance of the mucous membrane to the action of pepsin (an enzyme that decomposes peptides and proteins), hydrochloric acid and enzymes. Increases the production of mucus in the stomach and improves its protective properties. The drug has a nonspecific antidiarrheal effect; usually diarrhea (diarrhea) stops (relieves) within 24 hours.
Indications for use. Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum in the acute stage; chronic gastritis (inflammation of the gastric mucosa) with normal or increased secretory function (formation of gastric juice) in the acute stage; diarrhea of \u200b\u200bvarious origins.
Method of administration and dosage. For the treatment of peptic ulcer, 2 tablespoons of the drug (or 2 tablets) are prescribed every 4 hours, but no more than 6 times a day.
For the treatment of diarrhea, adults are prescribed 2 tablespoons (or 2 tablets) of the drug every 0.5-1 hours (but not more than 8 times a day).
For the treatment of diarrhea, children are prescribed the drug every 0.5-1 hours (but not more than 8 times a day) in the following single doses: at the age of 3-6 years - 1 teaspoon (or Uz tablets), 6-9 years - 2 teaspoons (or 2/3 tablets), 9-12 years old - 1 tablespoon (or 1 tablet). For children under 3 years of age, the drug is prescribed in doses based on the child's body weight as prescribed by a doctor.
If diarrhea lasts more than 48 hours or is accompanied by fever (a sharp rise in body temperature), a doctor's consultation is necessary.
Shake the gel before use.
Side effect. Darkening of the tongue, dark staining of feces are possible.
Contraindications. Information about allergy to acetylsalicylic acid and other salicylates in the anamnesis (medical history).
The drug is prescribed with caution to sick and breastfeeding women.
Care should be taken when prescribing the drug to patients taking anticoagulants, antidiabetic agents or anti-gout agents.
Release form. Tablets containing 0.262 g of bismuth subsalicylate, in a package of 30 pieces. Gel in vials of 237 ml (1 ml - 0.0175 g of bismuth subsalicylate).
Storage conditions. In a carefully sealed package, protected from light.
BISMUTH SUBCITRATE (Bismuth! Subnitras)
Synonyms: Bisnol, Ventrisol, Tribimol, De-Nol, Biskolvdtrat, De-Noltal, Duozol, Ulzeron, Bizmat, etc.
Pharmachologic effect. Antiulcer agent with bactericidal (destroying bacteria) activity againstHelicobacter pylori - microorganisms, which, apparently, in some cases contribute to the occurrence of chronic gastritis (inflammation of the gastric mucosa) and recurrent (recurrent) peptic ulcer disease.
In the acidic environment of the stomach and duodenum, it forms a protective film on the surface of ulcers and erosions (mucosal defect), which contributes to their scarring, increases the resistance of the mucous membrane to the effects of pepsin (an enzyme that decomposes peptides and proteins), hydrochloric acid and enzymes. Increases the activity of cytoprotective (protecting cells) mechanisms by increasing the synthesis of prostaglandinei and secretion (release) of bicarbonates.
Indications for use. Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum. Exacerbation of gastroduodenitis (inflammation of the stomach and duodenum) in patients with peptic ulcer disease. Gastritis (inflammation of the lining of the stomach) caused byHelicobacter pylori.
Method of administration and dosage. The drug is prescribed 1 tablet 3 times a day 30 minutes before breakfast, lunch and dinner and for the 4th time before bedtime. The tablet is washed down with 1-2 sips of water (but not milk). Treatment is carried out for 4-6 weeks. If necessary, it can be extended up to 8 weeks. After that, you should take a break for 8 weeks, during which you should not take other preparations containing bismuth.
If bacteria are found in a patientHelicobacter pylori rationally combine drug treatment with oral administration of metronidazole 0.25 g 4 times a day for 10 days and / or amoxicillin 0.25 g 4 times a day for 10 days. In order to consolidate remission (temporary weakening or disappearance of the manifestations of the disease) of diseases associated withHelicobacter pylori, as well as persistent sanitation (elimination and prevention of diseases) of the mucous membrane, it is advisable to carry out 3-4 two-week courses of antibacterial therapy (bismuth
subcitrate + amoxicillin, or bismuth subcitrate + metronidazole, or bismuth subcitrate + furazolidone).
30 minutes before and after taking the drug, you should refrain from taking food, liquids and antacids (lowering the acidity of the stomach) drugs.
The drug reduces the absorption of tetracycline.
When used together with other preparations containing bismuth, the risk of increasing the concentration of bismuth in the blood plasma increases.
Side effect. Perhaps the appearance of nausea, vomiting, more frequent stools. Against the background of taking the drug, it is possible to stain the feces in a dark color, as well as a slight darkening of the tongue. With prolonged use of the drug in high doses, it is possible to develop encephalopathy (brain diseases associated with the accumulation of bismuth in the central nervous system, characterized by its degenerative changes).
Contraindications. Severe renal dysfunction, pregnancy, breastfeeding. The drug is not prescribed for children.
Release form. Tablets of 0.12 g of bismuth subcitrate.
Storage conditions. In tightly sealed packages, protected from light.
GASTROPHARM (Gastropharm)
Pharmachologic effect. Combined preparation containing dried bacterial bodiesLactobacillus Bulgaricus and their waste products, protein (25-30%), sucrose. Stimulates the processes of regeneration (recovery) in the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum, regulates the functions of the gastrointestinal tract.
Indications for use. Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum in the acute phase; chronic gastritis (inflammation of the stomach) in the acute phase.
Method of administration and dosage. Assign 1-2 tablets orally 3 once a day 30 minutes before meals. If necessary, the dose is increased to 8-12 tablets per day. The course of treatment is 30 days.
Side effect. Not found.
Contraindications. Hypersensitivity to the drug.
Release form. Tablets in a package of 6 pieces.
Storage conditions. In a dry place.
DALARGIN (Dalarginum)
Pharmachologic effect. Of the pharmacological properties of dalargin, the most noteworthy are its antisecretory (suppressing the secretion of digestive juices) activity, the ability to accelerate the healing of gastric and duodenal ulcers, as well as its hypotensive (lowering blood pressure) effect.
Indications for use. The drug is recommended for use as a therapeutic agent for exacerbations of gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer.
Dalargin is also used in the complex therapy of obliterating diseases of the lower extremities (diseases associated with impaired blood flow through the arteries of the lower extremities) and alcoholism.
Method of administration and dosage. With gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, dallargin is prescribed intravenously or intramuscularly. Single dose 0.001 g (1 mg). Intramuscularly injected in 1 ml, and intravenously - in 5-10 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution. Intramuscular injections are done 2 times, and intravenous 1 time per day. If necessary, one-time
the dose is increased to 0.002 g (2 mg), the daily dose (intramuscularly) - up to 5 mg. The course of treatment lasts 3-4 weeks. The total dose of the drug for the course of treatment is 30-50 mg.
With severe pain symptoms, it is possible to simultaneously prescribe antacid (reducing the acidity of the stomach) drugs.
The positive effect of dalargin (intravenous slow administration of 1 mg in 10 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution) on the mental functions of patients with alcoholism was also noted.
Solutions for injection are prepared immediately before use.
Side effect. Dalargin injections are generally well tolerated; a decrease in blood pressure is possible.
Contraindications. The drug should not be used during pregnancy and severe hypotension (low blood pressure).
Release form. Lyophilized (dehydrated by freezing in a vacuum) powder or porous mass in ampoules of 0.001 g (1 mg) in a package of 5 pieces.
Storage conditions. List B.In a dark place at a temperature not exceeding +20 ° C.
FLAKARBIN
(Flacarbinum)
Pharmachologic effect. A combined drug that has an antispasmodic (relieves spasms), capillary-strengthening (strengthens the walls of the smallest blood vessels), anti-inflammatory effect.
Indications for use. Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum.
Method of administration and dosage. Inside the granules "/ 2 teaspoon 3 times a day before meals, washed down with" / 2 glasses of warm water. The course is 3-4 weeks.
Side effects and contraindications. Not identified.
Release form. Granules in bottles of 100 g. 100 g contains: licurazide and quercetin - 2 g each, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and pectin - 10 g each, glucose - 76 g.
Storage conditions. In a dry, dark place.