Finding bumps on the ears of a cat, how to treat it is a natural question. Before starting therapy, you should establish the cause of the appearance of bumps on the skin of the animal. Many dermatological diseases are accompanied by similar formation in the layers of the epidermis. The correct diagnosis can be made only in a specialized veterinary institution.
Subcutaneous mite: types of pathogen
Sarcoptes scabiei lays eggs in the thick skin of a cat - Demodex folliculorum (the causative agent of demodicosis);
- Sarcoptes scabiei (cause of sarcoptic mange);
- Notoedrosis (causes notoedrosis);
- Cheyletiella (the causative agent of cheyletiellosis);
- Trombiculidae (cause thrombiculosis)
Demodex folliculorum (causative agent of demodicosis) Sarcoptic mange is not much different from demodicosis. The causative agent Sarcoptes scabiei lives for years in the skin of the animal without causing concern. The clinical picture with sarcoptic mange is more pronounced: deep damage to the epidermis, abscesses, fistulas are observed.
Notoedrosis (causes notoedrosis) Heiletilleosis (stray dandruff) most often affects young individuals with a fragile immune system. The pathogen, moving in the thickness of the skin, makes it bumpy.
Less common in cats is a skin disease such as thrombikulosis, which is dangerous for humans. The pathology is characterized by a seasonality of manifestation - from spring to autumn.
Infection symptoms
The clinical signs of a subcutaneous tick in a pet are as follows:
- itching, restlessness, constant scratching and licking of the coat;
- untidy appearance of the coat: disheveled, disheveled, the coat hangs like "icicles", loses its natural shine;
- on the ears, muzzle and other parts of the body, bumps, skin irregularities are felt;
- dry crusts, flaking, dandruff are observed at the site of scratching;
- there are growths on the skin, fluid secretions (ichor);
- bald patches, bald patches, foci;
- the animal becomes lethargic, appetite decreases.
The defeat of a pet by a subcutaneous tick takes place in two forms: localized (local) and generalized (general). In the first case, foci of infection are observed on the head, muzzle and ears. If the lesion is global in nature, then the paws, back and sides of the animal are included in the pathological process.
The consequences of this or that disease rarely threaten the life of the animal, but often lead to a deterioration in the appearance of the pet: hair falls out, bald patches appear, baldness. Therefore, the question of what to do if the cat has a subcutaneous tick is relevant for the owner.
How to make a diagnosis
The effectiveness of the treatment of a subcutaneous tick largely depends on the correctness of the diagnosis and identification of the type of pathogen. For this, an animal with signs of skin pathology should be shown to a veterinarian. After a clinical examination at a specialized institution, biological samples will be taken for microscopic analysis.
Scrapings (4 - 5 times) are taken from the hair follicle, since it is in it that the pathogenic microorganism is localized. During the procedure, blood often comes out at the site of sampling - this is normal, and the owner does not need to worry. Without taking material from the deep layers of the skin, it is impossible to make a correct diagnosis.
Differentiate subcutaneous tick from ringworm, dermatoses, allergies based on clinical signs and laboratory diagnostic methods.
Treatment of the disease
After hearing the diagnosis from the veterinarian, the owner usually wants to know how to treat the subcutaneous tick in cats. Disease therapy is complex. You will need not only specific acaricidal drugs, but also immunomodulators, antibiotics. In advanced cases, patience and perseverance is required from the owner, since the healing process can take months.
When treating an animal, it is necessary to disinfect care items (combs, slickers, etc.), premises, bedding. This will prevent overloading.
The effectiveness of the therapy should be monitored using laboratory methods, regularly making scrapings in a veterinary clinic. A complete cure is considered when two negative results are achieved. In the event that other animals live in the house, they should be shown to a veterinarian.
Other reasons
Billion dermatitis The reason that a cat has bumps on the ears, roughness and tuberosity of the skin is not always a subcutaneous tick. Similar signs can be observed in a pet in the following cases:
Clinical symptoms skin diseases very varied. For differential diagnosis laboratory, microscopic and allergic research methods are used. Therefore, if bumps, roughness and other pathologies of the skin are found in a pet, it is necessary to visit a veterinary clinic.
Cats are pets in many families. Good owners always try to take care of the health of their pets. Today, this issue should be given special attention, because such negative factors as polluted ecology, poor-quality nutrition, vitamin deficiency, contacts with stray animals lead to the manifestation of various skin diseases in cats.
Anxiety among pet owners is caused by skin diseases in cats associated with the formation of "bald" areas on the body. They are caused by fungal infections (dermatomycosis) on the head, ears and paws. Signs of miliary dermatitis are also possible, which is characterized by the presence of crusts, bumps and scales on the skin. Fungal infections are associated with varying degrees of itching. You should know that modern manufacturers produce medicines for all fungi, including ringworm. These are special sprays and shampoos that need to be treated with the animal three to five times. The skin of animals with a weakened immune system is quite often affected by the fungi "Candida", "Malassezia" (yeast type). In this case, veterinarians advise the use of shampoos containing nystatin, enilconazole, miconazole, intraconazole.
Common skin diseases in cats are bacterial infections. They are of two types - dry and wet. When a wet infection enters the body, redness, sputum, bubbles, cracks, and abscesses appear on the animal's skin. The dry type is characterized by signs of miliary dermatitis.
Bacterial infections of the outer skin are formed due to a hereditary predisposition, as well as if the animal licks the skin vigorously, suffering from itching.
If your pet often has indigestion, vomiting, decreased activity, then perhaps the problem is an allergic reaction to a certain set of foods. Most often, cats suffer from allergic foodborne dermatitis at the age of four to five years. Allergies happen to some types of fish and meat, dairy products and eggs. Pets intensively scratch their muzzle, ears and neck with their paws, they develop miliary dermatitis. Allergens must be urgently excluded from the animal's diet, special feeds or products such as soy, venison, turkey, duck should be purchased. Those who keep cats at home should know that perfumes and household chemicals can cause an allergic reaction: deodorants, antistatic agents, hair sprays, and washing powders. In this case, redness, abscesses, blisters are observed on the bare areas of the skin. The animal must be removed from the allergenic environment and the condition of the skin is normalized.
Baldness (alopecia) is also a common skin condition in cats. This disease can be both congenital and acquired.
From the first days of life, a shortage of wool has been observed in Devon Rex, as well as Siamese, Mexican breeds. Hereditary hypotrichosis manifests itself in kittens, the body of which is covered with fluff. In the second week of life, the fluff rolls down and the animal goes bald. Then the hair reappears, and again falls out when the cat is six months old. This disease is not amenable to treatment. This cat breed should be excluded from breeding. Often, when moving to a new place of residence, when a new animal appears in the house, cats experience severe stress. Siamese, Burmese, Abyssinian cats may experience psychogenic alopecia. Experiencing anxiety, animals intensively lick the skin and at the same time injure it. Before treatment, it is necessary to eliminate the cause of stress, to create comfortable conditions for the domestic animal. In short-haired cat breeds, alopecia (baldness) of the auricle is often diagnosed. The wool falls out, and after a certain period of time it grows back. In this case, no treatment is required.
Endocrine alopecia is a serious skin condition in cats.
It manifests itself due to a malfunction in the hormonal system of the body. Partial baldness forms on the inner part of the abdomen, on the hind legs, in the genital area, on the sides, in armpits... It is more of a diffuse decrease in total hair than complete hair loss. With this type of disease, the animal does not experience itching in the affected areas. A sick cat must be shown to a veterinarian who, based on the results of the examination, will prescribe treatment.
The cause of the appearance of crusts can be injury - the thin sensitive skin of a cat's nose is easily injured. The cat could scratch his nose during the game, in a fight with fellow tribesmen, in case of an unsuccessful fall from a height. Examine the animal - if no damage is visible, the cat may have had nosebleeds and a crust formed by dried blood. Gently wipe the pet's face with damp cotton wool - if the crusts are easily separated and the skin under them is not changed, the cat behaves calmly, breathing is not difficult, most likely, the danger has already passed, but it is better to show the animal to the veterinarian in order to exclude injuries of internal organs.
If the cat's nose is scratched, the crust does not need to be separated - when it dries, it will go away by itself. Do not let the cat peel off the crust while washing, and if it interferes with breathing, soften it with warm water, chlorhexidine or petroleum jelly, remove and lubricate the exposed skin with a wound-healing preparation, preferably with antibacterial ingredients in the composition.
Infectious diseases
Nasal discharge, solidifying in the form of crusts, can be a sign of a variety of diseases, including calicivirus, viral rhinotracheitis, and reovirus infection. Pay attention to the cat's behavior - has he become lethargic, depressed, has his appetite spoiled?
Common cause the appearance of crusts on the nose - calicivirus infection (calicivirus). In this case, ulcers appear in the oral cavity.
If the cat sneezes often, rubs its muzzle with its paws, snores in its sleep, this may indicate that the animal is sick. Other signs of infection include fever, drooling, coughing, and green or yellow purulent discharge from the eyes.
Treatment for infectious diseases in cats, a doctor prescribes. The earlier the symptoms of the disease are found in a cat, the earlier you need to contact a veterinarian - many diseases, especially kittens, old and weakened animals, develop very quickly, in the absence of adequate treatment, leading to death.
Skin and other diseases
The appearance of crusts on the nose often accompanies fungal and bacterial skin lesions. If you suspect a fungus or bacterial infection, you should show the cat to the doctor so that the veterinarian can examine it - make a scraping, diagnose with ultraviolet lamp... Other signs of skin diseases are cracks on the pads of the paws, ulceration and scratching on the skin, areas of split, falling out hair.
It should not be forgotten that many skin infections of cats are dangerous for humans, so try to exclude contact of younger family members with a sick cat, observe hygiene rules.
Sometimes the appearance of crusts on the nose in cats can be caused by allergies: it can be dried discharge when allergic rhinitis or skin irritation.
Cats, and indeed all animals, have the same health problems as humans. There may be pneumonia, "cat flu" and even allergies. Occasionally, owners may notice that their pet cat is sneezing. How do you know if a cat is sick?
Why a cat sneezes can only be understood by carefully observing it appearance, state of health and behavior. The reason may simply be the dust under the cabinet, which accidentally got into the airways... But if sneezing is repeated, this may be one of the symptoms of an incipient disease.
After this procedure, the cat should drip special drops between the shoulder blades from fleas. Flea discharge can cause allergies, including sneezing. If, after the introduction of a new food or immediately after buying a chair, the pet began to sneeze frequently, but no other symptoms are observed, this may be a consequence of an allergy. It is advisable to analyze what happened in the cat's life in the last week, and when exactly the warning signs began to appear. Sometimes it is enough to just eliminate the allergen.
If these measures did not help at all, and the cat continues to sneeze, do not try to find answers on veterinary forums. Indeed, from such advice "blindly" you can lose precious time necessary for the effective treatment of the animal. The self-medication harm rule applies here too. Danger can threaten not only the pet itself, but also other pets, and even the owners themselves. For example, feline toxoplasmosis, as well as chlamydia, are a serious threat of miscarriage in pregnant women.
Sometimes sneezing of cats is accompanied by watery eyes and runny nasal discharge. At the same time, the animal's appetite worsens, lethargy appears. Such signs can be present both in the feline herpes virus and in many diseases of the upper respiratory tract caused by fungi, bacteria and viruses: toxoplasmosis, chlamydia, bordetellosis, rhinotracheitis, calicivirus, etc.
In any case, the disease is easier to prevent than to cure. For this, special vaccines are used. It is best to start vaccinating small kittens at six weeks of age. Until the age of fifteen weeks, babies receive several vaccinations at intervals of 3-7 weeks: against leukemia, rabies, feline flu and panleukopenia. Also, do not forget about good nutrition of the animal and its hygiene.
Sources:
- why does the cat sneeze
People sometimes notice the appearance of strange crusts in the nose, which can block the nasal passages and interfere with normal breathing. They often have an unpleasant odor, bringing significant discomfort to a person's life. The reasons for the appearance of crusts in the nose have not been sufficiently studied today, but doctors still have their own assumptions.
Crusts reasons
According to modern ENT specialists, the development of dry and foul-smelling crusts in the nose is provoked by congenital pathologies of the nasal cavity, for example, an overly wide nose or underdeveloped paranasal sinuses, present in people with a wide face. There is also a version that the appearance of these crusts causes a pathological degeneration of the nasal mucosa, during which it disintegrates and dries up on the inner walls of the nostrils in the form of crust-like formations.
Conversion of one type of tissue to another with crusts in the nose changes the columnar ciliated epithelium into a squamous epithelial layer.
With the formation of painful blood crusts in the nose, an atrophic chronic inflammation mucous membrane of the nasal passages. At the same time, it is important to consult a qualified doctor in order to establish the exact cause of the appearance of crusts and to take a special course to treat the disorder. Before that, you can soften the crusts with non-aggressive nasal drops, which will help relieve dryness and tightness in the nose, causing constant discomfort and soreness in the nostril area.
Crusts treatment
Most often, doctors resort to conservative treatment of nasal crusts, the purpose of which is to moisturize the nasal mucosa with special mineral solutions. Thanks to finely dispersed irrigation, the patient gets rid of the unpleasant smelling formations in the nose. It also prevents new crusts from forming. The well-proven photodynamic therapy is widely used today to restore the nasal mucosa.
The use of iontophoresis, photodynamics and physiotherapy procedures can significantly improve the patient's condition and even successfully cure him.
Also, for the treatment of crusts in the nose, doctors resort to organotherapy, which significantly improves and stabilizes local immunity, activating the lymph flow in the upper respiratory tract. Surgical operation is the most radical treatment for this pathology, which is pushing the inner wall of the maxillary sinus to the nasal septum. The separated wall is fixed in the desired position with a tampon and after the fusion of the nasal septum with the surface of the turbinate remains in this state without tamponing.
If the owner notices the cat has a black nose, he should think about the health of his pet. The fact is that in an animal that does not have diseases, the nose should be clean and slightly damp. Only after sleep does this organ have more high temperature and dry. Therefore, any sign of wounds, crusts, discharge, or even anything that looks like dirt should be cause for concern.
Why is the nose black
Among all possible reasons There are several main such deviations. It:
- trauma;
- infections;
- skin diseases.
Only a professional can determine the exact prerequisites for the appearance of such a symptom. However, for those who prefer home treatment, there are some special signs.
Trauma
The first reason for the formation of a crust on the cat's nose may be an ordinary wound. The fact is that the cat's cover in this zone is quite thin and delicate. Therefore, it is not so difficult to get seriously injured. You should examine the pet, because ordinary dried blood can give black color. It is cleaned with an ordinary damp cloth or cotton wool. If the nose is of a normal color under the crust, you don't have to worry about the consequences for the animal.
In case the kitten is just scratched, you should not try to get rid of the rough skin. It will disappear by itself. Of course, the exception is when such a crust blocks the airways. Here you need to help your cat. Of course, only a specialist can provide proper care in this case.
Infections
If a cat has a black spot on its nose, which is accompanied by discharge, one can draw conclusions about the presence of more serious diseases. Here you can suspect rhinoinfection, tracheitis or even calicivirus. In this case, other symptoms will appear. The cat may become more lethargic, lose appetite, and show inactivity.
Among other things, you can see that the pet began to sneeze frequently and rub its muzzle with its paws. Sometimes diseases appear as white or green purulent discharge from the eyes. If such signs appear, you should immediately contact a veterinary clinic. Only a doctor can diagnose and prescribe the correct treatment.
Skin diseases
If a kitten has black crusts in its nose accompanied by skin lesions near this organ, this indicates viral nature diseases. It could be a common bacterial infection or fungus. In this case, in the clinic, the cat must do the necessary tests that determine what is wrong with the pet.
It is important that such diseases may well be transmitted to humans. If such symptoms are found, hygiene procedures should be carried out as carefully as possible and it is desirable to minimize contact with the animal.
Black dots on a cat's nose or elsewhere are always a reason for diagnosis. If this symptom manifests itself on the chin, for example, it may indicate the presence of acne. Of course, it is not necessary to run to the clinic on the same day, but such a serious problem cannot be ignored.
Regardless of whether other symptoms appear besides blackheads or spots, it is important to give your cat proper care. This will keep your pet healthy. With such care, the cat will live for more than one year.