MDK 04.03. Technology of medical services.
Vikladach Chaplina Galina Yuriivna
m. Simferopol 2015
Topic: "Methods of the simplest physiotherapy."
Physiotherapy
(gr. physis - nature and therapeia - lust) jubilant method various natural physical factors: water, heat, cold, light, electricity, electromagnetic field, ultrasound, etc.
The procedures of heat and cold are applied to the cold and the heat on the body of a person.
Teplova day:
Increases the temperature of the tissue in case of mechanical zastosuvanni;
Possibly a rush of blood to the afflicted woman, calling for a reduction in blood flow / lymphoma in the body of a person’s body that changes
Stasis of the blood of internal organs;
Stimulating the intensity of exchange processes.
Thermal procedures can lead to adverse effects:
Mіstsevo - opіki, nabryaki;
Systemically - anterotomy camp, insomnia (blood flow in the head, internal organs to the periphery).
Zastosuvannya cold:
Changes in the intensity of blood circulation and upovilnennya metabolism;
Calling the sound of blood-bearing vessels;
Upovilnyu bacterial activity in different threats of infection;
Spriyaє indulgence of stagnant phenomena;
Lower body temperature;
Gives a timchasial effect that anesthetizes.
Mistseve zastosuvannya cold
zminyuє pain sensitivity - blocking or spovelnyuє conduction of nerve impulses, as well as potentiate the spasm of m'yazyv after a decrease in nerve-m'yazovoї conductivity. Trivale pouring in cold to cause damage to blood circulation (lymphobіgu), tissue damage through a deficiency of sour.
Zastosuvannya girchichnikov, heating pads, michur with ice, compresses. The effect of physiotherapeutic procedures of mindfulness reflex injection on the receptors of the skin.
Zastosuvannya girchichnikov.
The zastosuvanya of mustard powder is based on what is seen when it is closed with water ethereal (alilova) oliya, stimulating the receptors in the skin and її hyperemia, leading to a reflex expansion of the blood vessels of the internal organs. For the rahunok of which a painful effect is reached, it will soon be possible to sort out some ignition processes.
Another warehouse gіrchitsі - phytoncides. Under the infusion of water, stench is seen from the enzyme myrosin. Efirna oliya and phytoncides with the wholesome powers of the mustard.
It is necessary to get ahead of the patient, that hyperemia and soreness of the skin are there, de bule girders, can trim the sprat of years, wind the days. After frequent congestion of gyrchichniks, sometimes pigmentation of the shkir appears.
Indication for vikoristannya gyrchichnikiv vyznaє likar. Often the stench zastosovuetsya without consulting a doctor, it is necessary for him to know about the contraindication, it would be a difficult procedure.
Contraindication:
Can't put girchiniks at :
- sickness of the skins,
- high temperature(higher than 38 ° C),
- legenevic bleeding,
- a sharp decrease, or the absence of shrewd sensitivity,
- evil denunciations.
-
tuberculosis legen
Algorithm of manipulation
Target: likuvalna (exciting, pain-relieving effect, stimulation of air, which is rozmoktuє, during ignition processes).
Mechanism for adding girchitsa: penetrating into the skin of the patient, the ethereal oil oliya dratuє її and expanding the skin of the blood-bearing vessels, leading to a reflex expansion of the blood-bearing vessels of the internal organs.
Shown: for pains, acute inflammatory processes of respiratory organs: pneumonia, bronchitis, pleurisy. Illness of the ulcers, nervous system, neuralgia, neuritis, osteochondrosis, hypertensive crisis, pain in the heart.
Place of staging girchichniki:
1. Bronchitis, pneumonia at the stage of dissipation - on the thoracic cavity in front and behind.
2. In case of hypertensive crisis - on the Komirtsev zone and Lithuanian muck.
3. In case of pain in the heart - to the hearth.
Uniqati: the area of nipples, milk ridges, ridge and native fields.
Contraindication: bleeding; sickness of the skies; tufts of different etiology; allergic reactions to essential oils; damage to the integrity of the skinny curves; hyperthermia; tuberculosis legen.
Prepare:
Girchichniks (before zastosuvannya next, check the quality of the girders, the term of appurtenance; the pridatny gyrchichnik may have a warm smell of gyrchichnaya olії that does not sip).
Tray with water at a temperature of 40-45 ° C,
Tray for processed material
-thermometer for monitoring water temperature
Possible problems of the patient: opik shkiri; considering a strong liver for an hour of the procedure.
Preparation before the procedure:
Wimiti hands.
Take a look at the skins of the patient at home staging girchichnikov (the appearance of ears, pustules, whiskers). Specify the nature of allergy to mustard.
Perevirity pridatnіst girchichnіv: the term pridatnіst puts on the skin 10th girchichnik, girdry is not guilty of sagging from paper and mother specific (sharp) smell. In case of vikoristannі girchichnіv, zroblenyh for other technologies (for example, gorchitsya packaged), check the terms of applicability on the packaging. Prepare the necessary possessions.
Vikonannya procedures:
1. Help the patient to take off the shirt, lie down on the living (when placing the girchichnik on the back). Ask Yogo to hug the pillow with his hands and turn his head sideways.
2. Put a servlet on the stage of the staging of girchichniks.
3. Watch the temperature of the water for soaking the girchichniks (40-45 ° C).
At lower temperatures, the ethereal oil is not seen, and at higher temperatures, it collapses.
5. Soak the girchichniks near the water for 5 seconds on the skin, shake and apply the girchitsey down on the servlet on the table; put a towel on the beast.
6. Cover the patient with a carpet.
7. After 2-3 weeks, specify the patient's identity.
8. Trimati girchichnik 10-15 khvilin.
9. Take the gyrchichniks with the appearance of persistent hyperemia after 10-15 quills, or earlier, in case of intolerable liver, place them at the tray for vicory materials.
10. Wipe the skin of the patient with a wet warm gauze servlet.
11. Wipe the skin dry with a towel. Help the patients to pull in the shirt, cover it with a carpet and move it in front, so that the veins are no less than 20-30 quills in the bed.
12. Ask a self-perceived patient
Completion of the procedure:
13. Throw out the girchichniks. Vimiti and dry your hands.
14. Make a record of the procedure and the patient's reaction to it in the medical documentation.
Save! In the event of a tribal dії girchichnikіv opіk shkіri z utvorennymi puhirіv.
Heating pads
Grilka (dry heat) causes reflex relaxation of smooth muscles, increased blood supply to internal organs, which can cause pain and relaxation. Keep in mind that the effect of the overheating of the grill is not so due to the temperature of the grill, as it is due to the dryness of the air.
Stationaries have vicorist standard heating pads, electric fences.
Algorithm for manipulating the heating pad
Target: likuvalna (strengthening, reducing pain, stimulation of dissolution during ignition processes).
Mechanism dії: reflex relaxation of smooth muscles, stimulation of blood supply to internal organs (local expansion of vessels).
Shown:
Mіstsevі ignition processes shkiri, pidshkirnoy klіtkoviny and suglobiv;
Overcooling;
Chronic ignition processes in the empty stomach (chronic gastritis and other) according to the doctor's confession.
Contraindication:
Acute inflammation and pain in the empty stomach (hostreous appendicitis, cholecystitis, pancreatitis, peritonitis and other);
Puhlini;
Internal bleeding;
Scored a month in the first year;
wound infections;
High fever;
Mastiti,
Thrombophlebitis;
Damage to the integrity of the skinny curves.
Equipment:
Gum grill 1.5-2 l;
Water - 60-70 ° C,
Towel,
- removable with disinfectant,
Two servers for disinfection of the grill,
Thermometer for monitoring water temperature.
Possible problems of the patient: a risk of viniknennya opikіv at a link with a lowered sensitivity of the shkіri at a seriously ill person, or at a link with a її daytime; pigmentation of the shkiri at the tie with partial heating of the heating pad on the same place; stronger liver in the area of the blindfold with a grill.
Preparation before the procedure:
Check with the patient about understanding and overcoming the possible procedure and taking it easy.
Vikonannya procedures:
1. Pour hot (60-70 ° C) water into a grill for 2/3 її volume of water cooked in a glass. Let go of the pressure of the upper third of the grill, tighten the cork.
2. Throw the heating pad with the stopper down, wipe the heating pad dry.
3. Turn the heating pad into a towel.
4. Apply a hot-water bottle to the required area of the body for 15-20 strands (if there is a drastic zastosuvannі for the indications of the doctor to work 10-15 strands, interrupt, changing the water).
5. Remove the heating pad.
6. Look at the patient's skin in the area of the heating pad.
7. Ask the patient about yoga self-perception. Be satisfied that the wine feels normal.
Completion of the procedure:
8. Get water out of the grill. Disinfect the grill.
9. Wimity and dry your hands.
Zastosuvannya michur with ice
The dry cold of the vicorist is brushed on the surface of the body for the additional application of michur with ice or a single package of cold.
With the method of cooling vicory, add ice when filling the michur or a package that cools, with chemical reagents.
It is poured onto the cold package with a mechanical path (impact, pressure) with the method of activation of the components in the chemical reaction and the vindication of the cold effect.
Algorithm for manipulating the stagnation of michur with ice
Target: likuvalna (cooling, reduced bleeding, reduced pain, swollen tissues).
Mechanism dії: cold irritates the sound of the blood-bearing vessels of the skin and the excitatory organs, lowering the sensitivity of the nerve receptors. Repair painful, blood-spinning, anti-spasm dia.
Shown:
Bleeding internally;
Gostrі zapalnі protsesi at cherevnіy emptiness;
Zabitі mіstsya (first doba);
High fever (another period);
Bite komah; mastitis; postoperative period;
Strus to the brain.
Contraindication: chronic ignition processes; sickness of the skin.
Equipment:
mіkhur for ice, in front of the turn on the integrity,
led shmatochki,
water (14-16 ° C),
towel (diaper),
container with disinfectant,
Obov'yazkova umova: organization of constant control over the procedure.
Save! In case of zastosuvanni mіkhur for ice, frozen in the freezer, you can viniknuty tіla tіla.
Preparation before the procedure:
Check with the patient about understanding and overcoming the possible procedure and taking it easy.
Prepare the necessary possessions.
Vimiti and dry your hands.
Vikonannya procedures:
1. Fill up ice mihur with dry pieces of ice up to half, fill them with cold water.
2. Put mihur on a horizontal surface, tighten the cork.
3. Light up the mіkhur at the towel (pelyushka).
4. Apply to the body of the body (area of the head for 5 quills (with an interval of 5 quills), an area of the neck for 15-20 quills with an interval of 30 quils).
5. In the world of ice, pour out the water and add shmatochki to the ice.
6. Write down the hour of staging mikhur with ice (the hot hour is not guilty of revisiting 2 years for adjusting intervals).
7. After the completion of the procedure, pour water out of the mikhura.
8. Ask the patient about self-feeling.
Completion of the procedure:
9. Prodezinfіkuvati mіkhur, then wash it with water and dry it. Take away the mіkhur slid from the dry look from the open krіshkoi.
10. Wimity and dry your hands.
11. Find out more about the procedure and the patient's reaction to it in medical documentation.
Setting the compress
Compress
(lat. compressum - crush, squeeze) - a jubilant bagatosharova bandage. The compressors are divided into dry and watery, hot and oily. Vologs are cold, hot, warming and medicinal. Zagalnі kompressi - vologe wrapping, mіstsevі - locally on the bordered house of the body of a person.
Applying a cold compress
Cold compress
, Yak and mikhur with ice, calling out the cooling of the skins and the sound of the blood-bearing vessels. It can be stopped in the past after a clogged month, with nasal bleeding, in another period of fever, etc. Trivality of the procedure - from 5 to 60 min.
Save! Under the hour of vikonannya tsієї manipulatsії vy vinny vіdluchatsya vіd patієnta, oskolki zmіna servvetok zdіysnuєєtsі kozhnі 2-3 hv.
A cold compress causes a spasm of the blood-bearing vessels of the skin to the adjacent area of the internal organs, which surrounds the inflammation and the traumatic swelling of the tissues, which changes the bleeding.
Algorithm for manipulating the setting of a cold compress
Target: likuvalna (mistseve cooling and ringing of blood-bearing vessels, change in blood pressure, pain and swollen tissues).
Mechanism dії: cooling of the skin reduces the sound of the blood-bearing vessels, reducing the sensitivity of the receptors. Repair pain relief.
Shown:
Another period of fever
Bleeding from the nose
The first year after the slaughter, etc.
Contraindication: injuries that zabittya from a friend dobu.
Equipment:
rinsing for wetting fabrics (water - 14-16 ° C);
ice cube;
thermometer for monitoring water temperature.
Check with the patient about understanding and overcoming the possible procedure and taking it easy.
Prepare the necessary possessions. Vimiti and dry your hands.
Vikonannya procedures:
1. Soak the servo in cold water vijati.
2. Attach the servette to the top of the scabbard.
3. Soak another servlet in a bowl of cold water, wedge it.
4. Change skin servlets 2-3 times.
5. Trivality of the procedure to fall into the future of the patient.
Completion of the procedure:
hot compress
A hot compress causes an intensive increase in blood circulation, which may cause a rozmoktuyuyu and a painful disease.
Algorithm of manipulation Setting a hot compress
Target: likuvalna (mistseve zigrivannya, change in pain).
Mechanism dії: rozmoktuє that bolezpokіyliva dia.
Shown: mіstsevі fuse process shkіri, pіdshkіrnoї kіtkovini i suglobіv.
Contraindication: injuries and zabitі mіstsya ahead of time; high fever; plump; ushkodzhennya skіrnih pokrivіv.
Equipment:
two gauze or coarse calico servings, folded into 6-8 balls;
glueon;
towel (diaper), annual thermometer for monitoring water temperature
Preparation before the procedure:
Check with the patient about understanding and overcoming the possible procedure and taking it easy.
Vimiti and dry your hands.
Vikonannya procedures:
1. Put a glueon on a soft bed, a pelyushka (rushnyk) on the beast її.
2. Fold the servette into 8 balls, soak the servette in hot water, wedge it. 3.Place the servlet up to the top of the scabbard.
4. Roll up the tip in a towel, wrap it with glue.
5. The validity of the procedure determines the doctor.
Completion of the procedure:
6. Take a wet servette, dry the skin with a dry servette.
7. Utilize vikoristan servettes. Vimiti and dry your hands.
8. Find out more about the procedure and the patient's reaction to it in medical documentation.
Algorithm for setting the compress that zigrivaє.
Target: likuvalna (rozmoktuvalny, pain-smooth effect, relieves mucosal spasm).
Mechanism dії: viklikaє trivale and even expansion of the vessels, spryaє polypshenny krovobigu in the tissues, showing pain and rozmoktuyuyuyu diyu.
Shown:
liturgy of mіstsevih іnfіltratіv (postin'єktsiynyh);
Ignition processes in m'yazakh and glooms,
ENT-illness;
Hitting another doba.
Contraindication:
Krovovilivi;
Festering sickness of the shkir;
Damage to the integrity of the crooked edges;
Puhlini of different etiology;
Injuries that slaughtered the first time dobu.
Equipment:
gauze serving, folded into 6-8 balls;
rinsing for soaking fabrics (room temperature water, alcohol 40 ° or 6% otstu - 1 teaspoon of otstu per glass of water);
glueonka or waxing papers;
scissors.
Check with the patient about understanding and overcoming the possible procedure and taking it easy.
Prepare the necessary possessions.
Vimiti and dry your hands.
Vikonannya procedures:
1. Cut with scissors the necessary (deposit in the area of application of the compress) piece of gauze for the compress and fold the yoga into 8 balls. The folds of compress paper around the perimeter are 2 cm larger for a serving. Prepare a piece of cotton wool around the perimeter 2 cm larger, lower compression paper.
2. Fold the balls for the compress on the table, starting from the old ball: at the bottom - cotton wool, then - compression paper.
3. Pour alcohol (camphor oil) into the beaker or water at room temperature, soak. I'll fold the gauze servlet, break the trochs and put it on top of the compress paper.
Note: when setting wuho servette compress
and compression paper slid open at the center.
4. All the balls of the compress subsequently (servette - compression papyr - ball of cotton wool) are put on the need for a dish of body.
Note: do not apply a compress on the skin, smeared with iodine. Mozhlivy opik
!
5. Fix the compress with a bandage as far as possible to desmurg, so that the veins lie flat to the top, but do not encircle the rukhiv. When applying a compress to the side table, fix it with adhesive plaster or cleol.
6. Tell the patient about the hour of applying the compress. A water compress is placed at 8-10 years old, an alcoholic compress - at 4-6 years old, an oil compress - at 24 years old.
7. Keep and dry your hands.
8. After 1.5-2 years, after applying the compress with your finger, without knowing the bandage, twist the servlet's watery feet. Cover the compress with a bandage.
9. Wimity and dry your hands.
10. Remove the compress after a singing hour and place the bandaging material at the tray.
11. Put on a dry bandage.
12Teach the patient about self-perception.
Completion of the procedure:
13. Dispose of vicorous material.
14. Vimiti and dry your hands.
15. Find out more about the procedure and the patient's reaction to it in medical documentation.
Water treatment
Water treatment - tse zovnіshnє zastosuvannya z lіkuvalnoy and prophylactic method).
Water procedures (bath, shower, washing, wiping, dousing, wrapping, bathing) to the pronounced thermal, mechanical (pressure of water, її ruh) and chemical injection on the numerical receptors of the skin can be injected into the nerve, heart-vessel, m'yazova, dychalna , grass and other systems of the body. The most extensive water procedures are luxuriant baths.
Behind the warehouse there are bathrooms:
on fresh water (from fresh water);
aromatic (with the addition of aromatic speeches);
likarsky (with the addition of fresh water from likarsky speeches);
mineral (with the addition of various mineral salts and gases: sulfur water, sour, radon and other)
cold - up to + 20C;
cold - up to + 21-33C;
indifferent - + 34-36С;
warm - +37 - 39С;
hot - +40 - 42C.
I’ll add baths for a meal:
zagalnі (the water is full of body);
mіstsevі (near the water zakremі parts of the body);
nap_vvanna (near the water the lower part of the body is buried);
ruchnі (at the water they zanuryuyut less than a hand);
scissors (near the water, less than a foot zanuryuyut).
Algorithm for manipulating the conduction of liquor baths.
Target: nadanny vplyu on the nerve, heart-sudinna, m'yazova, dichal system organism.
Shown: baths are the first water procedures to be carried out with a hygienic, prophylactic and lavish method.
There are such baths:
cold - zastosovuyutsya with severe igniting processes, closed injuries in the past year and a half;
prokholodnі - are prescribed for a depressed state, apathy, filthy appetite;
indifferent and warm - recommended for neuroses with increased budding, neurasthenia, sleeplessness;
hot - give a good effect when chronic illness suglobіv, peripheral nerves (sciatica, polyneuritis), impaired exchange of speech (obesity, gout), attacks of colic.
Acute heart-sudinnі disease;
Ill colds;
Shkirnі ill;
Evil new creation.
Equipment:
Thermometer for water;
Dezrozchin;
Towel;
Gum pillow;
Bench for nig.
Preparation before the procedure:
Check with the patient about understanding and overcoming the possible procedure and taking it easy.
Prepare the necessary possessions. Vimiti and dry your hands.
Wash the bath with disinfectant 2 times with an interval of 15 strands, thoroughly rinse with cold water.
Vikonannya procedures:
1. Refill the bath with water at the required temperature.
2. To help the ailing wearer's clothes (as it is necessary) and lie down by the bath.
3. Under the head of the patient put a gum pad, under the feet - a bench.
4. Check the water temperature again.
5. Designate an hour for the patient to be taken to the bathroom.
6. After the completion of the procedure, help the patient to get out of the bath, wipe off and dress.
7. Call on the self-confidence of the patient, control the heart rate, help get to the ward.
Completion of the procedure:
9. Wimity and dry your hands.
10. Find out more about the procedure and the patient's reaction to it in medical documentation.
Stopping p'appearances
Medical blisters
zastosovuyut like a blood-thinner and mіstseve protizgortayuchy zasіb.
Likuvannya p'yavkami - hydrotherapy
. The secret of the blue vines is to revenge hirudin
- speech, which can lead to galvanic blood certifi- cation and contribute to the development of thrombosis.
Hungry p'yavka mozhe vismoctati 10 ml of blood
. Having eaten, it falls out, but bleeding from the wound continues in stretch 6 - 24 years
. in such a manner, 8-10
n'appearances can cause blood loss up to 300-400
ml.
Medicinal p'yavki mayut mіstky sliver and oral sucker, zavdyaki yakіy actively attach to the shkіri people.
Krіm hirudin, scho to go through the wound into the blood of a person, the leech is seen and histamine-like speech , which expands the capillaries, intensifies bleeding.
The leeches roam at the biological factory, the smell of the stench comes to the pharmacy, they are taken from the glass or plastic vessels from the water supply. To finish the leeches, not to endure the sony light, sharp smells, noise, sintering.
You can save up space with breaks for room temperature, in a cold place, or on the lower police of a butut refrigerator.
For a specific procedure, in the case of soft tweezers with humic tips, carefully, without squeezing, you need to transplant a large number of holes. The leeches, which were stored in the refrigerator, before the procedure, the guilt will be left at room temperature for at least 5-8 years.
The place for setting the appearances is prescribed by a hirudotherapeutist, prote sled vrakhovuvaty, that the appearances are attached only to reflexogenic points. That is why it is necessary to give the opportunity to "choose" this point in a radius of 2-3 cm from the month designated by the doctor.
Place of staging p'avok:
In case of a hypertensive crisis - on a nipple-like bud, having stepped 1 cm from the auricle.
In case of ailment of the eyes - on a skronevu plot on the equal opening of the eyes.
In case of an attack of angina pectoris, a pre-infarction stage - on the heart space (3-4-5 intercostal spaces).
In case of venous congestion in the liver - the right hypochondrium.
In case of thrombophlebitis, 1 cm entered the affected vein in check order.
With hemorrhoids - near the anal opening.
For the confession of the doctor, follow the steps of zastosovuvat likarsky zabі, scho change sverbіzh, oskіlki rozchіsuvannya shkіri can bring before the infection of the wound.
In some cases, sever shkir, rozchіsuvannya and untimely change of bandages can be a reason to kill serious purulent-septic ones. more complicated:
pyoderma, furuncles, carbuncles
.
Algorithm for manipulating the stoppage of pimples (hirudotherapy)
Target: likuvalna, prophylactic.
Shown: hypertensive crisis, glaucoma, cerebrovascular accident, myocardial infarction, angina attacks, liver stasis, hemorrhoids, thrombophlebitis, sciatica.
Contraindication: sickness to bleeding, illness of the skin, allergic and septic illness, anemia, hypotension, treatment with anticoagulants.
Equipment:
sterile bags and servets;
impermeable pelushka (kleyonka);
hot boiled water (temperature 40-50 ° C);
70% ethyl alcohol;
3% peroxide water;
40% dextrose glucose;
єmnіst іz p'yavkami;
medical jar and test tube;
tweezers;
yearbook;
mittens;
єmnіst іz disinfectant;
cotton wool;
ammonia;
bandage or leukoplastir;
scissors;
5% iodine roses;
Tray.
1. Introduce yourself to the patient, explain the nature of the possible procedure. Take a look at the patient's obviousness to inform him about the upcoming procedure.
2. Assist the patient to lie down by hand for the next procedure.
3. Clean your hands in a hygienic way, dry them.
4. Prepare the necessary possessions.
5. Choose a place for staging p'avok. Put a glue on, if necessary, or a disposable plyushka to transfer the area.
6. Wear gloves.
II. Vikonannya procedures:
7. Abrade the skin (place, setting the appearances) with 70% alcohol (large for the area, the lower is necessary for the procedure), sterile servlet or cotton bag soaked in hot boiled water, wipe the skin until black, changing the bags 2- 3 times. Dry the skin with a sterile servlet.
8. Moisten the site of setting the leeches with a sterile solution of 40% glucose.
9. Use a pair of tweezers (the ends of the plates of the tweezers may be burnt with gauze servets) and place it in a test tube or a jar with the tail end down.
10. Bring the test tube or the jar to the top of the mucous membrane, open the test tube or the jar firmly to the place of the smoky bath (as soon as the bleed gets wet, in the front part there will be a frail rumble).
11. Put the servlet under the rear sucker.
12. Repeat p.p. 7-11 docks, docks will not be delivered at all appearances.
13. Watch out for the activity of the leeches: if they don’t collapse, run the troch along the surface with your finger.
14. Take a cotton-gauze tampon after 20-30 strands (according to the doctor's recommendation) at the first injection.
15. Keep the appointments taken in a separate room for disinfection, with further disposal.
III. Completion of the procedure.
16. Put the tweezers in the room for disinfection.
17. Treat skin around the wound with alcohol 5% alcohol and iodine.
18. Put on an aseptic cotton-gauze bandage, to press, with a ball of cotton wool, you can not change the bandage by stretching it.
19. Fix the bandage with a bandage and adhesive plaster.
20. Take the glue to the room for disinfection.
21. Find the number of appearances, change the number of appearances delivered by patients, and the number of appearances that are in the capacity for disinfection, zbіgaєtsya.
22. Take out gloves and put them in a container for disinfection.
23. Clean your hands in a hygienic way, dry them.
24. Detailed record of the vikonan procedure with medical documentation.
Note: If the bandage is wet, take off the upper balls of the bandage and put on a new ball of aseptic cotton-gauze bandage. The bandage after 24 years is removed or changed.
Under the hour of the procedure, watch out for the activity of the leeches: if they don’t collapse, run the trochs along the surface with your finger, or with a cotton ball soaked in water.
If after 2-3 days the wounds continue to bleed, then a sterile ball is applied to them, soaked with a mild potassium permanganate or potassium permanganate crystals are applied. As soon as the bleeding has stuck, the wounds are treated with 3% peroxide water and a dry aseptic bandage is applied.
P'yavki vikoristovuyutsya one-time.
Wikoristan literature:
1.T.P. Obukhivets "Fundamentals of nursing"
Rostov-on-Don "Phoenix" 2004; page 331-350;
2.S.A. Mukhina "Fiery watch for the sick"
Moscow "Medicine" 1986; side 100-115;
3. "Fundamentals of nursing care"
Manipulation algorithms
Heading guide for medical schools and colleges
Moscow "GEOTAR-Media" 2013p.50-64;
4.N.V. Pasechko "Fundamentals of nursing"
Ternopil "Ukrmedkniga" 2002; store 241-258;
5. Internet https://www.google.com/
Someone has a good feeling about such a method of likuvannya, like physiotherapyє even more efficient. The method is brought to clinical medicine and for a long time is actively promoted. A positive yoga injection is directed as if it were ill, which is already blamed, so it’s for yoga, so it’s in order to save it, it’s for prevention. In addition, physiotherapy is also necessary for physical rehabilitation.
Today, there are already rich methods of jubilation and victorious, there is a large number of various equipment. Krіm medicamentous, іsnuyut і not medicamental methods of healing, yakі also may have the right to іsnuvannya and may have a high therapeutic effect. One of these methods is physiotherapy.
The main thing in physiotherapy is the choice of various physical factors, which may be the songs of power, as well as the song of influence on the body of a person. The daedals are developing new ways of zastosuvannya in different purposes.
History of physiotherapy
Physiotherapy developed over thousands of years. Mentally - all three stages of development.
The ancient people victoriously victorious, as it seems, a mustache that rubbed their hand. Ce bulo and sleepy light, and hot dzherela, warm, and smoke. In this rank, at that time, people boosted their health and fought against ailments.
I mean the role of the development of physiotherapy was played by great people, like Celsus, Galen, Hippocrates, Avicenna, Asklepiad. Celsus, for example, first classified mineral waters that were under the earth. And the axis of Galen already vikoristovuvav tsі mineral water that mud for the jubilation of rich ailments, and especially various injuries and poshkodzhen.
At that time, prototypes of daily therapy for the help of an electric jet were born. In such vipadkas, the doctors of Rome victorious electric vug and rib, building up to the establishment of that vision, the struma s was high voltage (for example, electric schili). For the help of such electrotherapy, they coped with ailments that called for more, for example, migraine, gout.
And the axis is already at a late hour, if the natural sciences were developing, especially physics, at that hour, if the skin was a little more sensitive, winemaking began, which independently generate a strum, which made it possible to win such an annex in physiotherapy. Boulli created such slick methods as franklinization (high voltage surge) and galvanization (low low voltage steady stream). Successfully carried out additional studies on toad smuts confirmed the strum and gave the cob of stosuvannya sprout in physiology, and then in medicine (the method of galvanization).
Like in Europe, and in Russia, the method of likuvannya pіdіgіtim piskom has taken root, which is actively zastosovuvavsya on the likuvannya ailments of snow and nirok.
On a par with Europeans, Russian doctors have gone, as they have long since become known crooks of authority different physical factors dovkilla, and especially - dzherel mineral waters and mud. Posted to the development and organization of the establishment of physiotherapy giving Peter I. So, Marginal waters became the first Russian resort, and further, the effectiveness of such lucrative mortgages, were opened by resorts: Sergievsk mineral waters, Stara Russa, Lipetsk, Waters of the Caucasus. Even a strong jubilant effect of small Krimsky mineral waters, de medical enthusiasts, and among them Velyaminov, began to organize sanatoriums for those who were ill with tuberculosis and cystic tuberculosis.
The great role of development and thorough physiotherapy belongs to the prominent clinician from Moscow Zakhar'in G.V. The same wine was engaged in reports on physiological and clinical procedures for the treatment of aqua-procedures. Vіn vvazhav, that it is necessary to enjoy the waters in clinics, and to bring home, and not only at sanatoriums and in resorts. In addition, having taken into account the fact that the skin patient is to blame for the individual treatment and the procedures are due, but they are recognized strictly for the needs of the patient.
At the beginning of the 20th century, physiotherapy was preceded by such methods as aeronotherapy and ultrasonic therapy, vibration therapy. The majestic stasis of physiotherapy took away the hour of the Other Holy War, when they exulted and rehabilitated the injured. They spent її and in special rooms, and in the wards, and dressing rooms. For greater transparency and convenience, that transportation created portable devices with a complete set, which they already promised.
And today, with the progress of technology, such methods as laser therapy, magnetotherapy, magnetic laser therapy and others have appeared, which are actively involved in the healing of diseases.
Chim Korisna physiotherapy
As you can see, when treated with medicines, they can be blamed for inacceptability in the eyes side reactions, such as allergies, impaired functioning of the liver, or even worse. Physiotherapy, basically, does not lead to the appearance of any side effects and, by itself, is not a medical and safe method of treatment. So that more ailments can not be changed and go to the procedures "with a calm soul."
The impact of physiotherapy procedures on the body is different. On the butt of the disease of the support-rukhovo sphere, it can be said that after the stagnation the main symptom changes, with some ailment they turn to the doctors - bil, and also the signifi- cantly changes the other manifestations of the disease - the swelling, the spasm of the disease and the other. The function of vision of organs and their motility returns to normal, the ignition processes change their activity, organs and tissues take away a sufficient number of living speeches, and also more rapidity of their renewal.
Mechanism of dії fіzioterapії
Influence on metabolism (exchange of speech), processes of oxide-water, regulation of acid-base camp. An even more important infusion affects the nerves and hormonal regulation of all human organs (internal), which causes the lymph circulation and blood flow to improve in them. Dopomogaє taka likuvannya that at pіdtrimtsі diyalnostі іmunnoії sistemy. The immune system mobilizes its functions and actively fights against diseases.
Physiotherapy on its own can achieve a folding mechanism of action, which is made up of decal components. I.P. Pavlov did a good job of explaining it to him in a new way. The basis of yoga is receptor activity. There are a large number of receptors in the skins and tissues that are used. By plunging into them, one can achieve rich effects. The stench is activated and the reflex lanzug reaction appears. Such reactions can only inject into the zone of teasing, so that they are local.
Okrim mіstsevih, simple reactions іsnuyuet folding. With folding reactions, the vegetative nervous system is irradiated to the process, the character of their injection is segmental, which results in different changes from the side of metabolism (exchange of speech) and from the side of the vessels, which improves the trophism of the rich organs and tissues. Zreshtoy іz zon, in yak_y vіdbuvaє razdratuvannya, zbudzhennya go to nayvishchi vіddіli, in the central nervous system, and already the central nervous system pours into all the organs of the system of the organism.
Physiotherapy procedures reduce the humoral and neuro-reflex infusion, the veins of the tissues of our body vibrate speech, which may be biologically active: norepinephrine, acetylcholine, dopamine. Everything activates the secretion of hormones in the pituitary duct, supraventral ducts, thyroid ducts and other internal secretory ducts, which implement therapeutic and physiological effects of physiotherapeutic procedures. In the event of a neuro-humoral reaction, which is blamed, as it is caused by various factors (physical), the organism is reawakened, so that the wine activates its functions of protection.
Physiotherapy may have the following effects:
- antibolovy;
- protinabrakovy;
- anti-flash;
- improves blood microcirculation;
- improve the trophism of clitin;
- usuvaє m'yazovі spasms.
When carrying out the procedure of physiotherapy, it is important to stan the shkiri, even if the whole therapy starts by itself from the injection on the receptors of the shkiri. The main functions of the shkiri are the receptor (about which it was said more) that bar'erna, which is our body's protection from the harmful inflow of the navkolishny middle. In addition, it will accumulate (cumulatively), and then redistribute and transform infusions, passing them on to the internal organs.
So, physiotherapy can have a wide range of injections, zastosovuyt її in case of ailments of all organs and systems (for prevention, treatment, rehabilitation).
Indication before physiotherapy
Physiotherapy zastosovuєtsya in case of treatment of diseases of the organs and systems of the human body. It is also actively involved in rehabilitation programs after injuries and surgical interventions.
IMPORTANT!
Before passing the course of physiotherapy, it is necessary to undergo a consultation with a doctor, not only in order to determine the ways of healing, but also in order to remember the contraindications for this procedure, as well as the stench.
Indications before physiotherapy are:
1. Zagalni
- be-yakі bolyuchi vіdchuttya, raznі for pohodzhennyam that localіzії;
- ill that become, connected with the broken exchange of speeches (obesity - zaiva vaga, diabetes mellitus and others);
- sickness of the ignition character like gostrі, i hronіchі;
- decreased immunity;
- spasm;
- prevention and treatment of adhesions;
- a lot of others ill that camp.
2. Traumatological and nerve disease:
- differences for the localization of sickness;
- sleeplessness;
- osteochondrosis of the ridge at all stages;
- all see sciatica;
- hernia of the interspinal disc or protrusion;
- ill and sickness nerve trunks;
- various lesions of the subarachnoids (arthrosis, arthritis and others);
- pain in the head of a different nature and localization;
- migraine;
- depression;
- dystonia vegetovascular and neurocirculatory;
- intercostal neuralgia;
- consequences of ischemic stroke - unilateral paralysis;
- I will become many others who fall ill.
3. Infection of respiratory organs:
- GRVI;
- flu;
- pneumonia;
- chronic bronchitis;
- bronchial asthma.
4. Illness of the cardiovascular system:
- Rhine ailment;
- increase in arterial pressure (hypertonic ailment);
- decrease in blood pressure (hypotonic ailment);
- angina;
- transferring myocardial infarction;
- transferring a stroke;
- varicose veins;
- Obliteruyuchi zahvoryuvannya vessels of the lower kintsivok.
5. Illness of the intestinal tract:
- chronic gastritis;
- diarrhea;
- constipation;
- reduced intestinal peristalsis;
- liver ailments and chronic michur;
- virazki dvenadtsatipaloї intestines and shluka;
- aches and pains of the slugs; chronic;
- colitis
6. Gynecological illness:
- inflammation of the ovarian appendages;
- bіl pіd hour of menstruation;
- PMS (premenstrual syndrome);
- climacteric syndrome;
- bezpіddya;
- polycystosis;
- endometriosis;
- uterine myoma.
7. Urological illness:
- chronic cystitis;
- sickness in the projection of sich mikhur;
- pyelonephritis;
- damage to control over the morning of the section (for example, after the surgical treatment of the organs of the small pelvis);
- chronic prostatitis, with which the pain is pronounced;
- broken erection.
8. Skin (dermatological) infection:
- cellulite;
- vugrov ailment;
- osteofoliculitis;
- different forms of herpes.
- hemorrhoids;
- cracks in the anus.
10. Otorhinolaryngology (ENT-illness):
- hospital and chronic otitis;
- vasomotor rhinitis;
- visibly sverbly at the auditory canal;
- laryngitis;
- acute and chronic rhinitis;
- deafness is neurosensory.
Contraindications before physiotherapy
Oskіlki fіzioterapіya, іk і bе-yаky method of likuvannya, mіє contraindications, the sign of physiotherapy is the fault of the doctor. In case of recognition of the procedures of the doctor, the health care provider has a lot of individual factors of the disease.
The main contraindications before physiotherapy are:
- newly created evil; hemoblastosis and other stages, zavdyaki as it is possible to suspect an evil pathology;
- female swelling is hormonally active in the stage of growth, or else, which requires surgical insertion;
- significantly reduced body mass (cachexia);
- rise in body temperature to febrile numbers;
- VKV (systemic chervoniy vovchak);
- myocardial infarction in acute stage;
- cerebrovascular accidents, hospital stage;
- tuberculosis legen;
- ringing of the aorta and other great blood vessels;
- stіyke advancing the arterial vice (systolic vice greater than 180 mm Hg);
- parts of epileptic attacks;
- impairment of cardiac conduction and shortness of breath in severe depressions;
- severe organ failure;
- presence of bleeding, slightness to bleeding;
- large metal ulamki in the inlet zone;
- intolerance to the procedure (individual).
Physiotherapy at our Clinic
For the treatment of illness of the musculoskeletal apparatus of a person, our Clinic zastosovuє such a method of treatment, like physiotherapy in Kiev since 2003.
Basically, given method zastosovuetsya as an additive in programs of complex non-surgical treatment, in some wines it is used with other methods of treatment in order to achieve the most positive effect of therapy. Our clinic is a hospital for non-surgical methods of treatment, so physiotherapy is combined with massage, manual therapy, liquor physical culture (exercise therapy) and other methods.
We zastosovuєmo procedures of physiotherapy as a warehouse part in a complex non-surgical treatment of the ridge and ridge, as well as in rehabilitation programs after injuries and operative interventions.
Physiotherapy can also be related to people who suffer from weight loss, obesity and cellulite.
Actively zastosovuєtsya out and for the treatment of riches of other ills, also with a chronic overflow and quiet, on the yakі there is not a small amount of influx traditional methods exuberance.
Our Clinic of Vicorists is no longer in possession of a modern one, as it has passed the certification of its quality and does not give the patient any bad luck.
See physiotherapy at our Clinic
Clinic of manual therapy and massage "MANUAL-PRO" zastosovuyu such types of physiotherapy procedures:
1. Magnetic therapy and magnetic laser therapy
Offending methods and zastosovuyt like for the treatment of illness, so for their prevention. At whom vikoristovuyutsya magnetic fields, mayut special characteristics.
How to talk about magnetotherapy, tse transmission of magnetic fields (permanent and changing low-frequency).
Magnetic-laser therapy is already widely zastosovuetsya the rest of the hour. In such a time, the magnetic field and the low-energy laser power generation are instantaneous.
2. Myostimulation (electrical stimulation)
When myostimulation vikoristovuєtsya strum from low pressure and may special characteristics. May myostimulation is more synonymous - electrical stimulation and electrical stimulation. Myostimulation transmitting the victorious electric struma in order to get on the functional camp of the m'yazovyh fibers, nerves, naturally, with a jubilant method.
3. Amplipulse therapy
Tse method of physiotherapy, a kind of vicorist electric strum at the treatment and prevention of ailments. Only strums can be installed due to low pressure and may have special characteristics. Amplipulse therapy combines two strums - galmuic and stimulating, as a result of which the necessary therapeutic effect is achieved.
4. Electrophoresis
Yogo is also called medicinal electrophoresis. Zastosovuyut yogo in order to get drunk fast strumu with low voltages, introduce medicinal preparations into the body of people.
Speech (licar) is applied to one or more electrodes, from which it penetrates into the skin. In this case, it is possible to destroy two factors - a medicinal preparation and a galvanic strum.
Electrophoresis may have its own advantage, to the fact that with the introduction medicinal products using this method, we take it on the offensive: the drug is administered locally and delivered directly to the wound, strum, attacking the clitina, increasing the strength to penetration, as a result, in the affected center, the drug accumulates more and more.
As if to speak in slang, then biologically physiotherapy builds its activity through the stimulation of the reactions of the human body, as if it were defending that attachment of yoga to the minds of the outer world.
Prices for physiotherapy at our Clinic
The price of physiotherapy procedures is indicated for the purchase of linen materials: disposable towels, disposable towels, alcohol and other.
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GBOU VPO Tverska State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Health of Russia
Chairpropaedeuticsinternalailment
Essay
on the topic of: Simplestphysiotherapy procedures
Vikonav: Toropov O.M.
Plan
Entry
1. Cold weather
2. Compress
3. Bulbashka with ice
4. Heat retention
5. Heating compressors
6. Hydrating warming compress
7. Vologii hot compress
8. Poultices
11. Girchichnik
12. Hot tubs
13. Water treatment procedures (balneotherapy)
14. Bloodletting
15. Hirudotherapy
Visnovok
Entry
Physiotherapy (Greek physis - nature, natural authority) - the field of clinical medicine, which develops the exuberant authority of natural and artificially created physical factors and develops the methods of their zastosuvannya for treatment and prevention of ailments, as well as for medical rehabilitation.
Вплив фізичних факторів (холоду, тепла, механічного подразнення) на шкірні покриви ділянок тіла – так звана сегментарно-рефлекторна відволікаюча терапія – викликає певну функціональну реакцію відповідних органів і систем: підвищується або знижується тонус гладкої мускулатури, відбуваються спазми в організмі. In addition, the heat of physiotherapy procedures can cause a deep-seated effect, improve sleep, improve mood.
До «температурних» методів фізіолікування відносять компреси, грілку, міхур з льодом - всі ті заходи, які дозволяють за допомогою охолодження або зігрівання забезпечити розширення або звуження судин, прискорення або уповільнення кровотоку, зміна функцій органів дихання, ССС, інтенсивності обміну речовин і ін Гірчичники that banks, krіm zіgrіvalnogo efektu, nadjayuche receptors shkіri zavdyaki essential oil gіrchitsa and creation by banks of a negative pressure on the local division of the body. Lіkuvannya p'yavkami, wanting to be considered in this division as one of the methods of physiotherapeutic lіkuvannya, in fact its own є medicamentous procedure, the shards of the main occupational therapy are framed by bleeps, which are seen especially by the speech of the breastbone.
1. Zastosuvannya cold
The essence of the cold procedure (compress, mikhur with ice) helps to cool the body of the body, which causes ringing of the blood-bearing vessels of the skin and of the adjacent adjacent internal organs. The organism, in the wake of cold, knows three main stages of reaction.
1. Reflex sounding of the ship's skins: blanching of the skin's curves, lower temperature of the skins, change in heat supply; it is necessary to redo the blood to the internal organs.
2. Reflex expansion of the skins of the vessels: the skins fill with erysipelas and reds, become warm on the dot.
3. Capillaries and venules are enlarged, arterioles are sonorous; the speed of blood flow is improved; the coat is filled with a crimson-red color, cold on the dot. Sounding of the vessels to produce a regional change in blood flow, an increase in the exchange of speech and a decrease in the sourness.
Purpose of the cold procedure:
* Ignited fire.
* Change (replacement) of a traumatic bruise.
* Zupinka (upovilnennya) bleeding.
* Pain-inducing effect (due to decreased sensitivity of nerve fibers).
physiotherapeutic procedure krovobіg compress
2. Compress
Compress (lat. compression - zdavlyuvati, stiskati) - a luxurious bagatosharova bandage with gauze or other fabrics, sound like cotton wool, waxed paper or waterproof plіvkoy.
Shown: the first year after clogged mist and injuries, nasal and hemorrhoidal bleeding, another period of fever.
Contraindications: spastic pain in the abdomen, collapse, shock.
Necessary equipment: cold water with ice, folded balls of gauze.
1. Soak the prepared gauze in cold water, trochs widzhati її.
2. Apply a compress to the body of the body.
3. Minify skin gauze for 2-3 minutes (the world has grown).
3. Bulbashka with ice
Bulbashka with ice zastosovat for more thriving mass cooling. Vin is a flat humovy bear with a wide opening with a lid, in front of the victorious ice, which is filled with small pieces.
Shown: first year after injury, internal bleeding, other period of febrile illness, early stage of dementia gostrykh ill empty hearts, clogged months.
Contraindication: spastic pain in the abdomen, collapse, shock.
Necessary equipment: ice, ice floe, towel (sterile adhesive).
The order of the procedure :
1. Fill the mіkhur for 2/3 of the volume of ice with small pieces and close it tightly.
2. Hang mikhur over the upper body of the body (head, belly thin) on a stand 5-7 cm or, wrapping it with a towel, put it on a sickly mist.
3. For consumption trial procedures skin 30 minutes work break in cold for 10 minutes.
4. zastosuvannya heat
The essence of the thermal procedure (compresses, poultices, heating pads) lies in the mass heating of the body, which results in the expansion of the blood-bearing vessels of the skin and the surrounding adjacent internal organs, strengthening the blood circulation in the tissues.
Purpose of the procedure:
* stimulation rozmoktuvannya ignition process;
* Reducing pain (relieving spasm of the muscles of the internal organs).
5. Heating compressors
Zigrivalnі kompressi zastosovuyut at lіkuvannі mіstsevih іnfіltratіv, urazhennі m'yazovo-suglobovogo apparatus. See compressions:
* Dry warming compress;
* vologii warming compress;
* vologii hot compress. Dry compress (wintering)
Dry compress zastosovuyt for zіgrivannya and zakhistu pevnyh dіlyanok tіla (shiya, vuho ta іn) in the cold. With this method, a cotton-gauze bandage is applied. A compress for a thermal procedure looks like this:
* The first ball (ovniy) is cotton wool (batting, flannel).
* Another ball (middle) - kleyonka, polyethylene plіvka or papyr waxing; dozhina and the width of the first ball is due to buti by 2-3 cm smaller than that of the first ball (vat).
* The third ball (internal, which is superimposed on the skin) - vologa servlet (soft cloth); for the rozmіrom it is to blame but the lesser for the other ball by 2 cm.
6. Volodymy warming compress
Shown: mіstsevі zapalnі protsesi vіdshkirnіy kіtkovinі, postіnієktsiyni іnfiltrati, arthritis, trauma.
Contraindication: shkirnі ill(dermatitis, pustular and allergic hanging), high lihomania, evil newborn, damage to the integrity of the skin curves.
Required equipment:
* room temperature water;
* weak rozchin octu chi alcohol (ethyl chi camphorium, alcohol rozchin salicylic acid);
* soft servlet (gauze), cotton wool (flannel), kleyonka (waxed paper), bandage, towel.
The order of the follow-up procedure:
1. Prepare the ratio [warm water, weak ratio of octu (1 tsp. 9% ratio per 0.5 l)
water) chi burner, cologne or 96% alcohol, diluted with warm water at a ratio of 1:2].
Contamination of undiluted cologne or alcohol can cause opiate.
2. Soak a servette at the prepared rose, wedge it in.
3. Put the servlet to the vologist to the body of the body and squeeze it tightly.
4. Lay two balls of compress on top: wax paprika, then - cotton wool.
5. Fix the compress with a bandage.
6. Remove the compress after 8-10 years, wipe the skin with water (alcohol), wipe it dry with a towel.
7. Vologii hot compress
Sometimes with the method of pain relief, the effect is to put in a hot compress. In this case, the servlet is soaked in hot water (50-60 ° C), squeezed and applied for 5-10 minutes until the body is clear, covering the beast with glue and with a tovstaya lined cloth.
8. Poultices
Poultices are a splendid procedure, which is applied at the warming place of the body with a path of heated sipuchoy or porridge-like speech, placed in a special linen little bag. Poultices zastosovuyut in case of long-term infiltrates, old hematomas, radiculitis. Dissolve dry poultices (with hot dry pistils, wisps, steamed lily naps, oozing at the bear) and vologis (hangings and oats, lily nasinnya, Iceland moss that one, rose with sprinkling to become a porridge-like one). In case of dry poultices, the rosemary cloth is applied to the body, covered with glue, fixed, covered with a carpet for the beast.
Contraindication : vague pain in the abdomen, evil swelling, first after injury, severe and internal bleeding, damaged skin sensitivity, unsightly camp of the sick.
9. Warmer
Bring the heating pad to dry thermal procedures; she’ll give a misfortune zigrivayucha deya. The heating pad is zastosovuyut as a painful and spasmolytic zasib. In case of frequent and trivial warming of the skin, bend the ailing person for the advancement of the optics and hyperpigmentation in front of the smear with Vaseline.
Shown: fuse inflammation, neuritis, neuralgia.
Contraindication: acute pain in the abdomen of an unclear movement, acute pain in the stomach empty (appendicitis, pancreatitis, cholecystitis, etc.), evil of the newborn, pershu after injury, bleeding, infection of the wound, shkodzhennya skirnih crooked, unrecognizable camp.
Heating pads are available with a capacity of 1 to 3 liters. Іsnuє sprat options for grills. * Gumova (water).
* Elektrotermіchna [pratsyuє vіd elektromerezі; syn. - thermofor (thermo- + Greek phoros - non-bearing).
* Chemistry.
At the time of consumption, for the duration of the hot water bottle, you can replace it with a hot water bottle filled with hot water (self-made hot water bottle).
Required equipment : humic grill, hot water (about 50 ° C), towel, vaseline.
The order of the follow-up procedure:
1. Cover the skins of the body with vaseline (for the prevention of opium and hyperpigmentation).
2. Fill the heating pad 2/3 full with hot water.
3. Gently squeeze it out of the hot-water bottle all over again, squeezing it with your hands to the neck.
4. Strongly close the grill with a stopper (lid).
5. Check the heating pad for tightness by turning it over.
6. Wrap the heating pad with a towel and put it to the top of the body.
10. Banks
Banks - a glass of a judge, who can make the shape of the mountaineers with rounded edges and a round bottom, with a volume of 30-70 ml. Banks may have a strong sudorosis and protizapalnu diyu; їх often zastosovuyut in bronchitis, pneumonia, neuralgia, neuritis, myositis.
Mechanism dії
Half a stinging gnat I create a rozridzhennya povіtrya in a jar. Behind the rahunok of the negative vice (vacuum) put into the jar, it will be looked at - like up to the top, so up to the folded fabrics; when this happens, there is a rush of blood and lymph, which causes a reflex influx on the vessels of the internal organs - the blood of the lymphatics increases, the trophism (life) of the tissues improves, which increases the swelling of the fuses.
The mechanism of cans also has another component. The capillaries of the shkir, perepovnyuyuyuchisya blood, rozrivayutsya, and vinikayutsya small hemorrhages in the shkir (bloody), to that the shkir is filled with bright-red or crimson zabarvlennya. In the areas of hemorrhage, the products of the breakdown and autolysis (self-healing) of the blood are established, which are essentially biologically active speeches, which are carried by the blood stream throughout the body and give a beneficial (stimulating) effect on the tissues and organs.
In this way, having poured into the body through the molding of the blue, it actually acts as a variant of the autohemotherapy often used earlier. Autohemotherapy (Greek: autos-sam, haima - blood, therapeia - likuvannya) - internal or external introduction to ailing blood (taken from a vein) with a method of stimulating the body's immune functions and reducing metabolic processes; tsey method is to be used for the treatment of infectious and other illnesses (for example, furunculosis). Preparation of the sick and the possession
For setting cans of the ailing, they are placed on the lizhku on the living (at times the cans are placed on the back); at the same time, the head of the yogo may be turned to kill, his hands hoot the pillow. As if the skin is open to the hair, they are shaved, the skin is washed with warm water with a sweet and rubbed with a towel.
Apply a thin ball of vaseline to the skin with your hand (so that the edges of the jar fit snugly to the surface of the body and do not penetrate into the jar again, and also so that the lid is hidden).
Rozrіdzhennya povіtrya in the bank create a hot alcohol swab brought before it. Tsya manipulatsija vimaga novichki and singing rightness, shards of insufficient trivale of the tampon can’t create a respawn, and the jar can’t get close to the top, then the jar can be warmed up to the top of the world. It is important to think about what it is necessary to heat only once in a jar, but not to fry the edges, otherwise it will turn out to be an opik shkir. In addition, it is necessary to use alcohol from the tampon on the edge of the vial with alcohol (to avoid getting drops of burning alcohol on the skin of the ailing). After wetting the tampon, the vial with alcohol should be carefully closed and killed.
Banks to put on t_ lіlyanki tіla, de-virazhenі m'yazovy and pіdshkіrny fat balls, scho smoothing out the bones. chest(behind the crown of the heart area, milk ridges, ridge; Fig. 7-6).
It is not possible to put cans on the hearth, milky ridges, the ridge zone, and the rivers.
Show for inserting cans: inflammation of the organs of the thoracic cavity - processes in legenia (bronchitis, pneumonia), neuritis, intercostal neuralgia, myositis.
Contraindications before cupping: висока температура тіла, злоякісні новоутворення, кровохаркання, активна форма туберкульозу, легенева кровотеча або небезпека його появи, захворювання шкіри, різке виснаження хворого зі втратою еластичності шкіри, судоми, стан сильного збудження, несвідомий стан хворого, різко підвищена чутливість та хворобливість шкірних покривів.
Cans insertion technique
Necessary equipment: a tray (enamelled or wooden), in which you need to put jars (10-16 pieces), a container with vaseline, a bottle with 96% ethyl alcohol, a mold (a metal probe with a cut on the tip and tightly wound on new cotton wool) or zatisch Kocher (with wound cotton wool), sirniki, cotton wool.
The order of the follow-up procedure:
1. Banks before implantation should be thoroughly washed with hot water, wiped dry.
2. The edges of the cans should be checked for clarity, chips and other small spots and smeared with a thin ball of vaseline.
3. Lay the ailing person in an awkward position.
4. Before placing the jars, smear the skin with vaseline with your hand.
5. Soak a cotton swab on a metal probe (wick) or in a Kocher's grip in alcohol and vijati. Vikoristovuvat ether for setting jars categorically zaboronyaetsya!
6. A vial with alcohol closed and killed.
7. Pіdpaliti gnіt.
8. Take a probe from the right hand with a stinging swab, from the left - 1-2 cans.
9. In the middle of the jar, trimming not far from the body, for a short hour to bring in a swab; when you do not follow the edges of the can and overheat it (the hour sufficient to reach the middle of the can, - 1 s).
10. To the bank (banks) swiftly, with an energetic hand, report to the shkir.
11. Cover the patient with a carpet.
12. Leave banks for 10-15 minutes.
13. Take the jar: to take the jar lightly press the edge of the jar with the fingers of the left hand, at the bottom of the jar with the right hand.
14. After the completion of the procedure, wipe the cloth with a towel to remove the vaseline, cover the patient with a carpet. After the procedures for ailments, you can lie quietly for a little less than 1 year.
15. Rinse vikoristan jars with hot water and wipe dry.
11. Girchichniks
The fluffy speech of the girchichnikiv is the ethereal girchichna (alilova) oliya, as it enters the warehouse of the girchitsa and is seen from it at a temperature of 40-45 ° C. Oliya viklikaє teasing the receptors in the skin and її hyperemia, to cause to the expansion of blood-bearing vessels, spreading more to the internal organs, for the ribs of which a painful effect is reached, sooner the rozmoktuvannya of some igniting processes. Girchichniks zastosovuyut at likuvanni catarrhal ailments, flamboyant ailments of the upper ones. wild ways(rhinitis, pharyngitis), inflammatory processes in legenia (bronchitis, pneumonia), neurological diseases (myositis, neuralgia), in angina pectoris, hypertensive crisis.
Zagalni vіdomostі
Standard gyrchichniks - sheets of paper paper 8 x 12.5 cm, covered with a ball of non-fat mustard powder(the term of saving becomes 8-10 months), or the small bags are made from pressed filter paper, between the balls of which there is a hot powder. The girchichnik, which is attached to vikoristannya, has a warm smell of girchichnoy olії and does not sip. Before yoga, it is necessary for the students to reverify these yakos.
Before the vzhivannyam gyrchichnik soak in warm water (40-45 ° C). For more high temperature, the oil will collapse. Girchichniks are applied for 10-15 minutes; in case of this ailment, the warmth of that small liver is to blame, and the skin may become hot (blackened). In the event of a tribal dії girchichnikіv opіk shkіri. Place of staging girchichnikiv (Fig. 7-7):
* Potilitsya (hostile rhinitis, hypertensive crisis).
* The upper part of the sternum (hostry tracheitis).
* Interscapular area and under the shoulder blades (bronchitis, pneumonia).
* Ikronіzhnі m'yazi (effectively with acute inflammation of the upper dyhal channels).
Girchichniks can be put only on a non-shkodzhen shkir. The next uniqueness of the setting of gyrchichniks on the dairy vines, the region of the nipples, the ridge, the birthplaces.
Shown before the setting of girchichnikov : inflammation of the upper dyhal passages (rhinitis, pharyngitis), inflammation of the legenia (bronchitis, pneumonia), myositis, neuralgia, hypertensive crisis (on the body).
Contraindication before the procedure : sickness of the skin (pyoderma, neurodermatitis, eczema), high fever (higher than 38 ° C), legenev bleeding or dysmotility of the yogo development, malignant neoplasm.
Methodology for setting girchichniks
Necessary equipment: heat water (40-45 ° C), a tray (or a plate), girchichnik, towel, flannel pelushka, carpet. The order of the follow-up procedure:
1. Prepare warm water.
2. Lay down the sick person in a handy position, carefully look around the skin.
3. Zanurit girchichnik for 5-10 seconds. heat has water with a temperature not higher than 45 ° C.
4. Apply the girchik with the side covered with mustard to the shkiri (when the shkir is moved sensitively, apply the girchik through gauze).
5. The area for setting the girchichniks is covered with a towel, then with a carpet.
6. After 5-10 mins, the moment when the liver appeared to be taken with a vologo servlet from the shkiri.
7. Remove excess mustard powder - carefully wipe the skin with a servlet soaked in warm water.
8. Wipe the skin dry, lay the sick on the carpet.
12. Girchichni baths
It is possible to infuse girchichny baths from instillation of girchich powder (50 g per 10 l of water). The stench can be sleeping (with colds) and mystic - scissor (with the treatment of hypertensive ailments). Bath trivality to become 20-30 min. If the baths of the ailing are washed with clean warm water, rubbed, and then wrapped with a blanket or a carpet.
Contraindications to the selection of hot tubs: high lihomanka, high sensitiveness of the shkiri to the girchitsa, sickness of the shkiri, legenev bleeding, evil newborn, an active form of tuberculosis, an insidious camp of the sick.
13. Hydrotherapy procedures (balneotherapy)
Before hydrotherapy procedures (balneotherapy; lat. balneum - bath, bathing), showers, baths, douching, rubbing, water choking.
* Cold (up to 20 ° C) and cold (20-30 ° C) water causes spasm of the vessels of the skin, an increase in heart rate, an increase in the arterial pressure, an increase in the tone of the bone masses, smooth muscles of the internal organs. Water treatment with such a temperature will lead to zastosovat іz zagalnozmіtsnyuyuchoyu and gartuє tsіlami, to stimulate the function of the central nervous system, to promote the exchange of speech.
* Indifferent (34-36 ° C) water may have a sedative, relaxing effect.
* Heat (37-39 ° C) and hot (over 40 ° C) water will help you to relax your blood, widen your blood vessels, increase your heart rate, decrease arterial pressure, decrease mucosal tone, relax smooth muscles of internal organs, increase sweating.
Bathtubs are divided according to indications (gіgієnіchnі and likuvalnі), areas of zastosuvannya (golden and mіstsevі), warehouse - “perlinnі” (bulbashki repeat under pressure), pisti (pіnoutvoryuuchі speech), vibratsiynі vorhovі (strong, aromatic), mechanical factor of water shavlієvі, etc.), mineral (sirkovodnі) and іn. For trivality bath procedures can be short-hour (up to 5 minutes), medium-term (10-20 min) and trivalid (up to a few years).
Contraindication: severe atherosclerosis, heart failure, hypertensive crisis, cerebral and coronary hemorrhage, active tuberculosis.
When carrying out luxuriant baths and others water procedures it is necessary to seriously follow the camp of ailments, which, through the advancement of the arterial pressure, increase the frequency of the heart rate (HR), which can sometimes be worsened.
14. Bloodletting
Bloodletting - removal from the circulatory system of the pulmonary blood volume to reduce the volume of circulating blood (BCC), arterial and venous pressure. Bloodlet is stalling with a state of gostri lindoshlunochkovy lack of it (dabble of legend, yakshcho at the Tsomo Vidsutni review of the shock of aboans to Kolapse), gypertonic crisis, legendary gypertenza, half the zbilshels. In this hour, for the obviousness of highly effective medical remedies, bloodletting is infrequently given. For example, in singing situations, it’s more than bloodletting, you can improve the camp of an ill person, or you can heal your life.
Contraindication: decrease in AT, hypovolemia (changes in the total circulating blood volume), anemia (anemia), manifestations of damage to the blood glottis system, zhovtyanitsya.
Bloodletting is necessary for additional venepuncture or venesection; 200-400 ml of blood is simultaneously removed. The procedure should be carried out correctly and carefully, so as to avoid discomfort (non-comfort, falling of the arterial pressure is too thin).
Required equipment: needles for venepuncture, humic tourniquet, graduated blood container, sterile servets, alcohol, iodine, special adhesive roller, mittens.
The order of the follow-up procedure:
1. Under the lіktovy zgin, put a roller, covering it with glue and a sterile servlet.
2. The place of bloodletting should be treated with alcohol (iodine can not be taken). Hands medical practitioner To carry out the procedure, complete (sequentially: mittya, alcohol, mittens).
3. Before the introduction of the neck, tighten the patient's hand with a humic tourniquet above the elbow for 1-3 minutes (the pulse is guilty of promiscuity, the veins are squeezed).
4. Promote venipuncture
5. Don't know the vein tourniquet! Having seen 200-400 ml of blood from the bloodstream (deposit in the indication), tighten the neck, take a tourniquet.
6. After the procedure is completed, place a sterile servlet on the bloodletting plate and
aseptic dressing.
7. Take off your gloves, take off your hands.
15. Hirudotherapy
Hirudotherapy (lat. hirudo - p'yavka), or bdelloterapiya (Greek bdella - p'yavka), - zastosuvannya medical p'yavka z likuvalny method. Hirudotherapy is carried out for macular bleeding, as well as for lowering blood pharynx (anti-reversal). At the same time, with the secret of the sinus ulcers, the appearance in the body of a person consumes hirudin (an anticoagulant - anti-throat speech) and histamine-like speech, which expands the clearance of small vessels and increases bleeding. In the extracts of whole leeches, the enzyme hyaluronidase was also revealed, which facilitates the penetration of various speeches into the body, which increases the penetration of tissues and capillary walls. In this rank, jubilation with stings, although it is considered as one of the methods of physiotherapeutic jubilation, in fact it is a medical procedure.
In likuvanni ailments (already without blemishes) zastosovuyut and well hirudin - like visions from bleeps, so synthetically created preparations ("Hirulog", "P'yavit").
Shown: hypertensive crisis, hypertensive illness, IXC (angina pectoris, myocardial infarction), venous congestion in the liver, vein thrombosis and thrombophlebitis, hemorrhoids.
Contraindication: anemia, reduced blood pharynx, treatment with anticoagulants, decreased AT, purulent-septic and allergic diseases, increased sensitivity of the skin, vaginess.
Possible aggravation:
* sverbіzh shkіri (for yoga liquidation, smear the shkіru around the wound with the sum of our titar alcohol with vaseline oil in equal proportions);
* when placing a bleed on the superficial vein - bleeding (for a bleeding bleed, put pressure on the bandage);
* pyoderma, furunculosis, which are blamed for the lack of asepsis and antisepsis rules;
* Hemorrhages in the pelvic tissue.
Description of openings . For the procedure of vicory, medical leeches - Hirudo medicinalis (a class of small worms; The place of their residence is fresh water. A number of medical leeches include more than 10 species, and only one - a splendid medical worm. narrowed tiltse and two suckers - oral and posterior, on the top of other species, in the medical eye on the back - two orange-colored males, depth up to 15 mm.
When applied (lat. applicatio - supplement, report) on the skin of a person, one person has grown up to 10-15 ml of blood, which takes from 20 to 90 min. Trivality of bleeding from the wound becomes 6-24 years old, with the total amount of blood, which bleeds - 10-40 ml. At the same time, 8-10 p'appearances are applied.
A way to save p'appearances. Leaks should be taken from clean wells, string or tap water at a temperature of 10 to 18 ° C in wide-mouthed glass jars, covered with gauze (to ensure access to prevent the appearance of holes), at a darkened room. The water should be mined 1 time for extraction: the jars are filled with mucus and filled with water by half. Vodoprovidnu water for zberіgannya p'yavok slid vіdstoyuvat not less dobi in an enameled vіdrі for vydalannya (vitryuvannya) chlorine and sedimentation of salts of liza and other houses. It is necessary to vibrate and see ailments of leeches for such signs: bulging, in'yale, mucus body with breasts of mucus, reducing the characteristic glare, looking at the body of leeches, exaggeration of aggressiveness, activity. Signs of a healthy attack, adnexal procedure, etc.
1. Smooth, shiny body without breasts of mucus.
2. The reaction to the dotik is pronounced - the spring is short, the body is shortened.
3. Aggressiveness - negain prismoktuvannya to lowered at the bank with p'yavkami ruci.
4. Activity - exercise to leave the bank.
You can win a turnout more than once!
Main Methods of Likuvannya
* Application of p'yavok to independent vіdpadannya (tobto z bloody).
* Znyattya p'yavok pіslya prismoktuvannya (tobto without kroviluchennya).
Place of staging p'avok:
* The area of the nipple-like growth is 1 cm behind the inner edge of the auricle (with thrombosis of the cerebral vessels, hypertensive ailment).
* In the region of the third-fifth intercostal space, 1 cm above the left edge of the sternum (angina pectoris, myocardial infarction).
* Area of the right hypochondrium (venous stasis at the liver).
* Along the course of the wounded vein, 1 cm to the side, from the edges through the skin, 5 cm in check order (thrombophlebitis).
* Navkolo kuprik (haemorrhoids).
The technique of setting p'yavok. Required equipment:
* A clean vessel (test tube, jar);
* sterile tray, tweezers;
* alcohol, 5% alcohol solution to iodine, water peroxide, glucose solution; formalin or ammonia;
* hot water;
* Sterile servets, tampons, cotton sticks, dressing material.
You can’t put leeches on those places where you can see the veins, or the arteries come close, the shards of the bleeders can bite through them, which calls for a strong bleeding.
The order of the procedure for labor therapy with bleeding
1. Prepare the ailing (become ill - lying down or sitting stalely in the place of application of bleeds).
2. Shake the skin: shave the hair, wipe it thoroughly with alcohol (water with peroxide), wipe the sprat once with a swab, wet with hot water; It is recognized for the application of the dilyanka to moisten it with glucose more often (for the application of pimples).
3. From the cans, put into a small clean vessel the number of appearances at the kіlkost, which is necessary for 2-3 pieces; peeps are picked up with an aquarium net, or if you put your hand in a jar - the peeps call for warmth on the bottom, without touching it, to that the skin on the bottom is rude.
It is not possible to take a p'appearance with tweezers, for that, with which one can harm the nervous system of a p'appearance and viklikati її paralych.
4. Wiymati z vessel for one p'yavtsі and place at the test tube; bring the test tube under the frailty to the body of the body and in the world of passing the testicles forward with a tampon soaked in hot water (the temperature of the water is not guilty of exceeding 90 ° C).
5. If the p'yavka smoky (bite through the skin and the more frail hands), tidy up the test tube and put it under the bottom (back) sucker servlet.
6. The leeches must be roztashovuvat freely, without overlapping one on one; with the front pinned wetting (sipping up the blemishes) to carry out along the body with cotton wool soaked in warm water; in the world of blood-soaked blood, the blemishes fall on their own. It is not possible to open leeches;
7. Put on a dry aseptic bandage with a significant amount of hygroscopic cotton wool; if necessary (with significant leakage of blood bandage), bandage bandages; to change the bandages through the doba.
8. Deficiency in vikoristan p'yavki in rozchinі formalin (or ammonia).
The order of the procedure for labor therapy without bleeding
1. Vikonati step by step 1-5 procedures of hirudotherapy for bleeding (wonderful).
2. In order to take a blemish, cover the skin of a sick person in the area with a tampon soaked with one of the following solutions: alcohol, alcoholic iodine, 10% calcium chloride or 10% (hypertensive) sodium chloride.
3. Put on a dry aseptic bandage (change of bandage - through the doba).
4. Deficiency in vikoristan p'yavka in rozchinі formalin (or ammonia). Wounds from bites will ring out in 2-3 days. As soon as the bandage is removed, the wound continues to bleed, then apply the bandage to press. You can start bleeding with potassium permanganate. For frequent bleeding, it is necessary to treat wounds and wounds with 5% alcohol solution, iodine, alcohol or water peroxide, apply a dry bandage.
Visnovok
Perevagou physiotherapy є її trivala poslyadіya. The essence of yoga is that the destruction in the body has a therapeutic effect, as it takes a long time to reach a significant interval of the hour, and to grow often after the completion of the course of healing. Therefore, in the future, the results of physiotherapy are most often the best for the middle. The period of the last day can be cumulative during decal periods (for medical electrophoresis, diamotherapy and other) up to 4-6 months (mud bathing, balneotherapy and other).
Before going through physical therapy, you can see a good sense of wisdom with other juicy ways. Until then, physiotherapeutic methods can be widely combined (combined) one with one with high efficiency. Possibility of stagnation of physical factors in the form of overhead or physical procedures, in non-stop or in the pulsed mode, in the presence of external and internal effusions, allows changing the adaptation of the body to the level, which will take the impact of the individual.
One of the most important advantages of physical methods is their availability, relatively low cost. At tsomu physiotherapy vvazhatimutsya mass kind of exultation. All this guarantees a further development of physiotherapy and the expansion of the use of methods in various fields of medicine.
Physiotherapy techniques effectively complement the medical warehouse of a complex liquor process, allow you to avoid problems side effects and the reach of stable positive results. Ale, the key link of a successful diagnostic and cuval process is a cure. Therefore, the procedures should be carried out only after a preliminary consultation with a physician - for maximum efficiency of therapy and patient safety.
perelikvictorious literature
1. V.M. Oslopov, O.V. Bogoyavlenska. A deep eye for ailments at a therapeutic clinic. Heading guide for visives. Kind of a friend, corrected that added. Moscow, "GEOTAR-media", 2006
2. Everything on the lookout for ailments in the likarni and vdoma / Ed by the editorial board of Acad. RAMS Yu.P.Nikitina and B.P.Mashtakov. - M: GEOTAR MEDICINE, 1999.
3. V.V. Murashko. Y.G. Shuganov. A, V. Panchenko. Ill-eyed glance. Heading guide for students of medical institutions. M: Medicine, 1998
4. A.L. Grebnov, A.A. Sheptulin. The foundations of the infamous sight of the sick. Heading guide for students of medical institutions. M: Medicine, 1999.
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Physiotherapy helpє a variety of specialized medical assistance that the population hopes physicians-physiotherapists abo under їх kerіvnitstvom mid-level medical staff іz vikoristannya natural and piece likuvalnyh physical factors.
Physiotherapeutic assistance is a type of medical assistance that doctors rely on, who may have specialization and qualifications, at specialized departments, offices, preventive and preventive mortgages (at centers, clinics, hospitals) Specialized medical support(including physiotherapy) fahivtsy doctors in the legal and preventive regulations, they took away the license for the appointment of a type of activity (Article 40 of the Fundamentals of Legislation of the Russian Federation on the protection of the health of citizens No. 5487-1, dated 22 April 1993).
Physiotherapy is one of the oldest judicious and preventive directions in medicine, which includes anonymous divisions.
Meta physiotherapy- Tse reach the best effect in the treatment of any kind of illness, with the least stress on the patient's body, vicarious in the main physical method of treatment.
As a discipline of physiotherapy, it is structurally divided into global and private. The global physiotherapy looks at the methodological ambush of the correct stagnation of the liquor physical factors, the mechanisms of both physiological and luval activities and the principles of their victories in the clinic. Private (clinical) physiotherapy is based on the peculiarities of victorious physical officials for various nosological forms and is carried out at the boundaries of specific clinical specialties.
The object of physiotherapy is a person who is influenced by the inflow of physical factors, with a splendid, preventive and rehabilitation purposes. Objects can be used as an unbiased way, and indirectly by way of extrapolation of data from an experiment conducted on creatures, or for additional mathematical modeling of a jubilant splash.
The subject of the celebration of physiotherapy is jubilant physical officials. Depending on the type of energy and types of її noses in the lіkuvalnі fіzichnі fіzichnі it was accepted to divide into two groups.
PHYSICAL FACTORIES
natural
climate control
balneotherapy
mud-smelter
LIKUVALNI
Pieces
electric forge
magneto-kuvalny
light-colored
mechano-kuvalny
thermolysis
hydraulic smelter
radiolikuvalnі
A variety of different physical officials look at the body and other sciences (electromagnetic biology, photobiology, bioclimatology, hygiene and other). Physiotherapy wielding power is quiet from them, like zastosovuyut for exaltation and renewal of ailments.
Among the largest divisions of physiotherapy can be named:
- likuvannya for help laser therapy low frequency laser therapy,
- diadynamic therapy,
- amplipulse therapy in ophthalmology,
- transcranial and transvertebralmicropolarization ,
- myostimulation,
- thermal expansion and other different mechanical injections,
- cryotherapy
Celebration medicinal preparations in singing situations, it is undeniably true, but in case of any blame, the absence of unfavorable and unfavorable side effects.
Surgical insertion, as a rule, is an extreme approach to the process of resurfacing. That is why the most safe and the widest direct exaltation and rehabilitation are deprived of physiotherapy, like vicorist methods, tested by thousands of people, as well as creations and creations in our hour.
Physiotherapy is one of the most safe methods of healing today. Physiotherapy is established both independently and in conjunction with other methods of healing (for example, surgery).
Physiotherapy methods of treatment, as well as others, are prescribed for surviving
- pathology (illness),
- stages of overcoming illness, yogo severity,
- history of life and sickness of the patient,
- yoga vіku, statі,
- I will become physical and mental,
- geography of yoga
Also, other factors can be protected, such as a social situation, special placement of the patient before the proponation methods of treatment and other.
In venereology, urology, gynecology, physiotherapy is selected individually for the skin patient in the age of people and the severity of illness.
Physiotherapy is especially effective in the warehouse of complex treatment. З недавнього часу в медицині стало спостерігатися поєднання кількох інфекцій, що значно обтяжує перебіг патологічного процесу в певних видах захворювань, наприклад, при спайковому процесі, больовому синдромі, хронічному запаленні придатків і матки, підготовки до ЕКЗ та вагітності взагалі, гіпоплазії матки та генітальному інфантилізмі. , disrupted menstrual cycle, mastopathy, after surgery, pelvic ganglioneuritis In case of treatment of ailments, physiotherapy is especially effective, because it will speed up the treatment process and there will be no adverse side effects.
Mechanisms of physical rehabilitation factorsThe main mechanisms of physical factors should be considered from the positions of mutual reflex and humoral impacts on the body. Їх the primary effect is through the scruff, її receptor apparatus, the vascular system, and it is connected with the change of physical and chemical processes in the scruff, and, also, the implementation of the other physical factors on the health of the organ and special effects.
Three groups of effects are seen in the mechanism of the physical factor on the organism: physical-chemical, physiological and juvenile.
Physico-chemical effect Physiotherapeutic factor on the organism of ties with molecular changes in tissues during yoga. Vіn ґruntuєtsya on clay energy and converted in the middle of cells on the energy of biological processes. Physical, chemical and structural transformations are connected with cym in tissues, which form the primary basis of reactive folding functional systems of the body.
Physiological effect bases on reflex and neurohumoral mechanisms. Electrical, temperature, mechanical, chemical, changes and other teasing, power in physical factors, blowing on the skin, call out the reaction of the receptor apparatus and the vessels at the sight of a change in the threshold of alertness of the receptors and the tone of the vessels and the reflex-vaso-circulatory bed (shoulder). Afferent impulses in sensitive nerve fibers through the insertion of neurons activate the ruh neurons of the anterior horns of the spinal cord with distant shaping of the effectoral impulse flows, which expand on various organs, which may cause segmental innervation. Primary reflex reactions of nerve endings are closely intertwined with humoral changes, which are due to physical and chemical processes of nervous awakening. The stench is also the core of the nerve afferent impulse, moreover, in the period of the chinny (the first effect), and then after such a stretch, a lot of wheezing, a year and navit doby (the next effect). Basic Gumoralni (XIMICHNI ZMINI) at the Sami Shkirі to be in the duckling of the Bioologically active richovin (Gistamin, Acetylcholin, Serotonin, Vilni Radikali), Yaki, Vickevy the Zmіniye Tsovyn in the Kapalesnye, Krapelnoye of the Plinnoye in the Kapales. diffusion of gases and other rhechovins, tissue metabolism. With convergence on the central neuron of afferent impulse flows to visceral conductors, activation of neurosecretion by the hypothalamus of releasing factors, hormone production in the pituitary gland with further stimulation of the synthesis of hormones and prostaglandins occurs. Homeostasis, or more correctly, homeokinesis in the body is considered to be a "trickster of homeostasis" - the nervous, immune and endocrine systems.
Jubilant effect formed on the basis of the integral reaction of the body to the physiotherapeutic activity. Vin can be non-specific or specific, which depends on the characteristics of the factor that determines.
Nonspecific effect effects of increased activity of the pituitary-adrenocorticotropic system. Catecholamines and glucocorticoids, which enter the bloodstream, increase adrenoreceptor affinity, modulate inflammation and immunity.
Specific effect(for example, pain-relieving) s urakhuvannyam vyhіdny state of the body, posterigaetsya in case of ailments of the peripheral nerves under the influx of diadynamic or sinusoidal-modulating strums. For electrostimulation of denervation of m'yazyv more adventitious jets of low frequency. The anti-seizure effect is most pronounced with UHF and magnetotherapy. Significant world infusion of physical factors is realized through the vodmі skіrno-visceral, ionnі meagerly. reflex. Phases are seen in reflex symptoms: teasing, activation and development of compensatory-adherent mechanisms, such as enhanced regeneration with the development of nonspecific resistance to the body. In this case, biologically active speech (BAS) plays an important role: neuropeptides (speech P and b-endorphins), eicosanoids (prostaglandins, zocrema, E2 and F2a, leukotrienes B4), mediators (histamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, acetylcholine, products of lipid peroxidation). (LPO), cytokines, nitric oxide, which enter the interstitial space through the endothelial vessel. clitin, activating axonal transport of trophogens, potentiating acid reflux, modulating the intensity of inflammation, and prostaglandin E2, on the other hand, may have an anabolic effect, activating proliferation and maturation of granulation tissue.
Methods of physiotherapy in medical and physical rehabilitation
In this hour of development, the following methods are widely used in clinical practice:
1. Zagalni (beyond Vermel, comir according to Shcherbak, chotiric chamber baths, gale UFO and other).
2. Misc (transverse, late, tangential (oblique), middle, perifocal).
3. Infusion on the reflex-segmental zone with a dilyanka metameric innervation. The significance of the reflexogenic zones is due to their reaction to the appearance of the physiotherapists A.E. Shcherbak, A.R. Kirichinsky and others.
4. Inflow into the zoni of Zakhar'ina-Ged.
5. Infuse on biologically active skin points, which are widely used in reflexology.
With the method of mass injection, reactions are mainly observed from the side of the organ, wanting to inject in the whole living organism with low intensity injections on a small surface of the shaft of the mass, the changes are injected into the system (systems) of the organism as a whole. However, changes in manifestations are weak and not always manifested by clinical symptoms. Radiation to reflex reactions of a large number of organs and systems is more important than large-scale inflows (for example, hot baths) or with an intense influx of a physical factor on the reflexogenic zone of an organ.
Physiotherapy techniques are applied on the surface (shkirn) and empty (nasal, rectal, vaginal, oral, external, internal vascular), for which special electrodes are transferred.
Fallow in the gap to the contact with the surface of the body, the methods are applied to the contact and effluvial (there is a repeated gap between the body and the electrode).
For the technique of vikonannya, the methods are stable (fixation electrode) and labile (collapsible electrode).
Indications and contraindications for physiotherapy
Indications for physiotherapyWithout a correct understanding of the syndromic-pathogenetic and clinical-functional approaches to rehabilitating physical factors, it is impossible to evaluate the indications and contraindications to their congestion, as they will sound on the basis of syndromes.
Physiotherapy methods can be directed to the prevention and treatment of illnesses at the warehouse of rehabilitation approaches.
1. With a prophylactic method in Denmark, the most widely used spa, climatic and mechanical factors: thalasso-, speleo-, and aerotherapy, and also hydrotherapy (showers, baths), heliotherapy (UFO, exercise therapy and massage. - maybe, to know the magneto-taxation of low-frequency therapy.
2. Opening hour for the treatment of the main clinical syndromes: hot ignition changes; intoxication; painful; broncho-obstructive; presence of rіdini in pleural emptying; acts of disruption to the rhythm of the heart; dichal, vascular, cardiac, hepatic, nirkovo insufficiency I-II stage; hypertensive; hypotensive; thrombophlebitic; phlebothrombosis; dyspeptic; damaged deformity; Zhovtyanitsі; ovnіshnyosekretornі insufficiency pіdshlunkovї zoloza; hepatic and nirk colic; dysuric syndrome; nephrotic; cut; convulsive; m'azovo-tonic; Raynaud; disruption of the function of suglobivs; deformities of the ridge, defiguration of the ridges (including the syndrome of increased production of synovial ridges); shkirny; damage to the integrity of fabrics; allergic; anemic; hyperglycemic; hyperthyroid; hypothyroid; fat; climacteric; cephalic; encephalopathy; encephalomyelopathy; hypothalamic; polyneuropathy; neuropathies; dyscirculatory encephalopathy; vestibular; meningeal; liquor hypertension; dyskinetic (spastic and atonic); swollen; cerebroischemic; atrophic; asthenic; neurotic (asthenoneurotic, neurosis-like); vegetative-vascular dystonia; cinnamon; korintsevo-judgment; reflex.
3. When ill and camps:
3.1. Traumatic earache.
3.2. Illness fuses.
3.3. Exchange-dystrophic disease.
3.4. Functional disorders of the central nervous system and the autonomic system.
3.5. Impaired secretion in organs.
3.6. Motor disorder of the system of the schluno-intestinal tract.
Contraindication for physiotherapy
For syndromic-pathogenetic and clinical and functional signs, there will be contraindications (general (absolute) and obvious) before the stagnation of physical rehabilitation factors.
Global (absolute) contraindications:
1. Hyperthermia syndrome (hot camp of a sick person at a body temperature of more than 38 ° C), which is associated with endogenous heat vindication in case of dif- ferent physical factors. Prote cold, like a physical clerk, in times of evidence.
2. Hemorrhagic, hemolytic, myeloplastic syndromes, antispastic, activating and fibrinolytic due to physical factors.
3. Epileptic syndrome (through an active influx of physical factors).
4. Syndromes of cardiac, vascular, dichal, nirk, liver failure in decompensation. Physiotherapy is directed towards the mobilization of the body's reserves, as in the same way of exile.
5. Cachex syndrome.
The nosological principle of contra-indication of savings in such medical cases:
1. Oncology and hematology (malicious neoplasms and systemic blood diseases). All physiotherapeutic factors are energetic and enhance metabolism in the body, which is contraindicated in the chubby process.
2. Narcology. Narcotic camp and alcohol addiction is contraindicated due to the impossibility of dosing physiotherapeutic procedures for the sick, as well as unmotivated behavior, which can lead to tragic consequences.
3. Obstetrics (vagity of the other half: physiological - after 26 days; pathological - over 24 days). Physical factors may have a negative effect on the body, which can lead to a threat of pregnancy interruption.
4. Resuscitation (hospice of unavoidable severe conditions with infectious ailments, acute period of illnesses of internal organs, for example, myocardial infarction, cerebral stroke and other).
Nine few contraindications are short. There are few facts about the effectiveness of treatment of tuberculosis for additional intraorganic electrophoresis tubazide, electrophoresis dimethyl sulfoxide, magneto-laser therapy and other methods, which allow the removal of illness as an absolute contraindication to physical therapy. Dosing of physical factors
The category “come in” is a guide in physiotherapy and determines the tactics of the doctor in a fallow manner in the reactivity of the organism and the phase of illness. In the hostile period of illness, it is more important to have low-intensity physical factors in the segmental-reflex zone. Navpaki, in the early stages of chronic disease, the intensity of the factor increases and is injected directly into the pathological fossa. For example, for the first type of pneumonia, a UHF EP of low intensity (up to 20 W) is prescribed, for another type - high (40-70 W). A more severe UVI with a good reactivity to the body is assigned to the main scheme, weakened ailments - for improved, and physically mental - for accelerated. The injection of a physical factor of low strength is accompanied by inconspicuous changes in the functions of organs, which lie before the metamer of the body, as well as the surface of the skin, which is teased, just as an injection of greater strength - significant changes.
To establish the basis for the dosing of physical factors:
1. Feeling sick: warmth, vibration, tingling, shaking.
2. Periodicity of the procedure: the hour of the procedure may be from a few days (light therapy) to a few years (magnet therapy).
3. Number of procedures: 5-6 with UHF up to 20 with galvanization, which can be carried out every day, every other day or for 2 days with a break for the third.
4. The value of the physical factor: tightness, stumu and other. Moreover, the parameters of the physical factor are chosen individually: for example, UVI - fallow in biodose, electrical stimulation - on the basis of the results of electrodiagnostics, and the method of drinking the regime of mineral waters - behind the mill of shlunkovo secretion.
The cardinal sign of inadequate physiotherapy is the acute pathological process due to the formation of maladjustment reactions.
In case of chronic illnesses on aphids, reduced reactivity to the body of a sick person, it can come through the acute process on the cob stages of healing, which, on the contrary, induces the development of an adaptation syndrome and may develop as an aggravation.
Inadequate reaction to jubilation can be a wild chi mist.
In case of a severe reaction, which proceeds to the vegetative-sudial syndrome, the cause is an increase in self-esteem, an increase in drativity, sedation, a decrease in procedural capacity, sleep disturbance, an over-the-top thirstiness; changes in the temperature curve, lability of the pulse and arterial pressure, acute concomitant chronic illnesses are noted.
Under the Space (Missevi) reaction, Scho at the Pathologiyna Vognishchi, Komirtsev zone, nosy sympathetic universi, itsy aboanzali method, character is characteristic
In case of inadequate reaction, the intensity of physical factors that zastosovuetsya, change, change the method of their zastosuvanya or to interrupt the physiotherapy for 1-2 days. The repeated course is prescribed in the fall after the period of the next physical factors, which in the majority of depressions becomes from 0.5 to 6 months.
List of victorious literature:
1. Pankov E.Ya. Physical factoring and reversal processes. - Kharkiv, 1989. - 48 p.
2. Technique and methods of physiotherapeutic procedures / Ed. V.M. Bogolyubov. - M.: Medicine, 1983. - 352 p.
3. Physiotherapy: Prov. from Polish / Ed. M. Weiss and A. Zembaty.-- M.: Medicine, 1985.--496 p.
Test tasks:
1. Physiotherapy assistance in Russia can be provided by: a) general medical professionals b) nursing staff c) nursing staff and medical physiotherapists d) physical therapistsThe correct answer is: in, g.
2. Objects of training in physiotherapy are: a) a person who depends on various physical factors; b) all living nature; c) people and creatures; d) only sick people.
The correct answer is: a
3. The subject of training in physiotherapy: a) exuberant physical factors; b) the effect of exuberance. c) the peculiarities of the victorious jubilant factors.
The correct answer is: a4. Natural juicy physical factors can be:
A) climate control B) mud-smelter C) balneo-smelter C) magneto-smelterD) laser-cutting
Correct sentence: ABV
5. Choose piece of cleaning factors: a) magnetic cleaning b) mud cleaning c) balneal cleaning d) laser cleaning.
Correct answer: a, d
Physiotherapy (Greek physis - nature, natural authority) - the field of clinical medicine, which develops the exuberant authority of natural and artificially created physical factors and develops the means of stosuvannia for exclusion and prevention of ailments, as well as for medical rehabilitation.
Вплив фізичних факторів (холоду, тепла, механічного подразнення) на шкірні покриви ділянок тіла – так звана сегментарно-рефлекторна відволікаюча терапія – викликає певну функціональну реакцію відповідних органів і систем: підвищується або знижується тонус гладкої мускулатури, відбуваються спазми в організмі. In addition, the heat of physiotherapy procedures can cause a deep-seated effect, improve sleep, improve mood.
До «температурних» методів фізіолікування відносять компреси, грілку, міхур з льодом - всі ті заходи, які дозволяють за допомогою охолодження або зігрівання забезпечити розширення або звуження судин, прискорення або уповільнення кровотоку, зміна функцій органів дихання, ССС, інтенсивності обміну речовин і ін Гірчичники that banks, krіm zіmіvalnogo efektu, nadatі і drаіvlіy receptor shkіri vpivdyakovy ethereal oil gіrchitsі and svrenniyu jars negative pressure on the local dilyantsі tіla. Lіkuvannya p'yavkami, wanting to be considered in this division as one of the methods of physiotherapeutic lіkuvannya, in fact its own є medicamentous procedure, the shards of the main occupational therapy are framed by bleeps, which are seen especially by the speech of the breastbone.
Zastosuvannya cold
The essence of the cold procedure (compress, mikhur with ice) helps to cool the body of the body, which causes ringing of the blood-bearing vessels of the skin and of the adjacent adjacent internal organs. The organism, in the wake of cold, knows three main stages of reaction.
1. Reflex sounding of the ship's skins: blistering of the skin's curves; lowering the temperature of the skids; change of heat supply; it is necessary to redo the blood to the internal organs.
2. Reflex expansion of the ship's shkiri: the shkira is bulging erysipelas-chervone zabarvlennya, we keep warm on the dotik.
3. Capillaries and venules are widened, arterioles are sonorous; the speed of blood flow is improved; the skin is swelled crimson-red vіdtinok, cold on dotik. Sounding of the vessels to produce a regional change in blood flow, an increase in the exchange of speech and a decrease in the sourness.
Purpose of the cold procedure:
Ignited fire.
Change (replacement) of a traumatic bruise.
Zupinka (upovilnennya) bleeding.
Pain-inducing effect (due to decreased sensitivity of nerve fibers).
Compress
Compress (lat. compression - zdavlyuvati, stiskati) - likuvalna
bagatosharova bandage with gauze or other fabrics, sound at the bottom with cotton wool, waxed with paper or with waterproof plіvkoy.
Indications: the first year after the clogged period and injuries, nasal and hemorrhoidal bleeding, another period of fever.
Necessary equipment: cold water with ice, folded balls of gauze. The order of the follow-up procedure (Fig. 7-1):
1. Soak prepared gauze in cold water, trochs widzhati її.
2. Put a compress on the veil of the body.
3. Minat skin gauze 2-3 xv (the world has grown).
Bulbashka with ice
Bulbashka with ice zastosovat for more thriving mass cooling. Vin is a flat humovy bear with a wide opening with a lid, which in front of vikoristannya is filled with small pieces of ice.
Indicated: the first year after injury, internal bleeding, another period of febrile illness, the first stage of the first ailment of the empty stomach, a clogged mass.
Contraindications: spastic pain in the abdomen, collapse, shock.
Necessary equipment: ice, ice floe, towel (sterile adhesive). The order of the follow-up procedure (Fig. 7-2):
1. Fill the mіkhur for 2/3 of the ice with small pieces and close it tightly.
2. Hang mikhur over the upper body of the body (head, belly thin) on the vіdstanі 5-7 cm or, wrapping it with a towel, apply it to an ailing mist.
3. For the consumption of a 30-minute skin procedure, interrupt the work in a cold room for 10 minutes.
zastosuvannya heat
The essence of the thermal procedure (compresses, poultices, heating pads) affects the mass of the body, which causes expansion of the blood-bearing vessels of the skin and of the adjacent adjacent internal organs, increased blood circulation in the tissues.
Purpose of the procedure:
stimulation of the activation of the ignition process;
pain relief (relieving spasm of the internal organs).
Heating compressors
Zigrivalnі kompressi zastosovuyut at lіkuvannі mіstsevih іnfіltratіv, urazhennі m'yazovo-suglobovogo apparatus. See compressions:
dry compress that warms up;
vologii compress that zіgrіvaє;
vologii hot compress.
Dry compress (wintering)
Dry compress zastosovuyt for zіgrivannya and zakhistu pevnyh dіlyanok tіla (shiya, vuho ta іn) in the cold. With this method, a cotton-gauze bandage is applied. A compress for a thermal procedure looks like this:
The first ball (ovniy) is cotton wool (batting, flannel).
The other ball (middle) is a glue, a polyethylene liner or a paper wax; dozhina that width of which ball is due to buti on 2-3 cm less than those of the first ball (vati).
The third ball (internal, which is superimposed on the skin) - vologa servet (soft tissue); for the rozmіrom it is to blame but the lesser for the other ball by 2 cm.
Volodymy warming compress
Indications: Miscellaneous ignition processes in the skin and subcutaneous cells, post-infection infections, arthritis, trauma.
Contraindications: skin disease (dermatitis, pustular and allergic hanging), high fever, evil newborn, damage to the integrity of the skin folds.
Required equipment:
room temperature water;
weak distillation of octu chi alcohol (ethylic chi camphorium, alcohol distillation of salicylic acid);
m'yaka servette (gauze), cotton wool (flannel), glueonka (waxed paper), bandage, towel. The order of the follow-up procedure:
1. Prepare the ratio [warm water, weak ratio of octu (1 tsp. 9% ratio per 0.5 l)
water) chi burner, cologne or 96% alcohol, diluted with warm water at a ratio of 1:2]. Contamination of undiluted cologne or alcohol can cause opiate.
2. Soak a servette at the prepared rose, vijati її.
3. Put the servlet to the vologist to the body of the body and squeeze it tightly.
4. Put two balls of compress on top: waxed paprika, then - cotton wool.
5. Fix the compress with a bandage.
6. Take a compress through 8-10 years, wipe the skin with water (alcohol), wipe it dry
Vologii hot compress
One of the ways for a medical analgesic effect is to put in a hot compress. In this case, the servlet is soaked in hot water (50-60 ° C), squeezed and applied for 5-10 minutes until the body is clear, covering the beast with glue and with a tovstaya lined cloth.
Poultices
Poultices are a splendid procedure, which is applied at the warming place of the body with a path of heated sipuchoy or porridge-like speech, placed in a special linen little bag. Poultices zastosovuyut in case of infiltrates, which do not recover for a long time, old hematomas, radiculitis. There are dry poultices (with warm dry piss, wis, steamed lily piss, suffocating at the bear) and vologis (hangings and oats, nass linna, Icelandic moss and іn, rosved with okrop to a porridge-like stan). In case of dry poultices, the rosemary cloth is applied to the body, covered with glue, fixed, covered with a carpet to the animal.
Contraindications: vague pain in the abdomen, malignant swelling, first time after injury, severe and internal bleeding, broken skin sensitivity, unsightly camp of the sick.
Bring the heating pad to dry thermal procedures; won’t give a missive zigrivalny day. The heating pad is zastosovuyut as a painful and spasmolytic zasib. In case of frequent and trivial warming of the skin, bend the ailing person for the advancement of the optics and hyperpigmentation in front of the smear with Vaseline.
Fuse inflammation, neuritis, neuralgia.
Contraindications: gastric pain in the abdomen of an unclear movement, gastritis in the abdominal cavity (appendicitis, pancreatitis, cholecystitis, etc.), malignant neoplasm, the first time after injury, bleeding, infection of the wound, deformity of the cervical curves, insidious state.
Heating pads are available with a capacity of 1 to 3 liters. Іsnuє sprat options for grills.
Gumova (water).
Elektrotermіchna [pratsyuє vіd elektromerezі; syn. - thermofor(thermo + Greek.phoros -
bearing)].
Khimichna.
At at the time of consumption, for the duration of the heating pad, you can replace it with a platter filled with hot water (self-made heating pad).
Necessary equipment: humic grill, hot water (about 50 ° C), towel, vase
The order of the follow-up procedure (Fig. 7-3):
1. Cover the skins and cover the curves of the body with vaseline (for the prevention of opium and hyperpigmentation).
2. Fill the heating pad 2/3 full with hot water.
3. Gently squeeze it out of the hot-water bottle all over again, squeezing it with your hands to the neck. 4. Strongly close the grill with a stopper (lid).
5. Check the heating pad for tightness by turning it over.
6. Wrap the heating pad with a towel and put it to the top of the body.
Banks - a glass of a judge, who can make the shape of the mountaineers with rounded edges and a round bottom, with a volume of 30-70 ml. Banks may have a strong sudorosis and protizapalnu diyu; їх often zastosovuyut in bronchitis, pneumonia, neuralgia, neuritis, myositis.
Mechanism dії
Half a stinging gnat I create a rozridzhennya povіtrya in a jar. Behind the rahunok of the negative vice (vacuum) put into the jar, it will be looked at - like up to the top, so up to the folded fabrics; when this happens, there is a rush of blood and lymph, which causes a reflex influx on the vessels of the internal organs - the blood of the lymphatics increases, the trophism (life) of the tissues improves, which increases the swelling of the fuses.
At The mechanism for pouring cans is also another component. The capillaries of the shkir, perepovnyuyuyuchisya blood, rozryvayutsya, and vinikayut small hemorrhages in the shkir (bloody), the shkir swells brightly-chervone or crimson zabarvlennya. In the areas of hemorrhage, the products of the breakdown and autolysis (self-healing) of the blood are established, which are essentially biologically active speeches, which are carried by the blood stream throughout the body and give a beneficial (stimulating) effect on the tissues and organs.
In this way, having poured into the body through the molding of the blue, it actually acts as a variant of the autohemotherapy often used earlier. Autohemotherapy (Greek: autos - self, haima - blood, therapeia - likuvannya) - internal or external introduction to ailing blood (taken from a vein) with a method of stimulating the body's immune functions and replenishing metabolic processes; tsey method to zastosovuyt for the treatment
gih zahvoryuvan (for example, furunculosis).
Preparation of the sick and the possession
For setting cans of the ailing, they are placed on the lizhku on the living (at times the cans are placed on the back); with this, the head of the yogo may be turned to kill, his hands stomp the pillow (Fig. 7-4). As if the skin is open to the hair, they are shaved, the skin is washed with warm water with a sweet and rubbed with a towel.
Apply a thin ball of vaseline to the skin with your hand (so that the edges of the jar fit snugly to the surface of the body and do not penetrate into the jar again, and also so that the lid is hidden).
Rozridzhennya povіtrya in bantsі create a hot alcohol swab brought before it (Fig. 7-5). Tsya manipulation vimagaє novichki and singing rightness, shards of insufficient trival
The hot tampon is not able to create a redistribution, and the jar cannot be touched to the top, even as the heating of the jar above the world can be brought to the opik. It is important to think about what it is necessary to heat only once in a jar, but not to fry the edges, otherwise it will turn out to be an opik shkir. Crimea
In addition, it is necessary to wipe the alcohol from the tampon on the edge of the vial with alcohol (to avoid getting a drop of burning alcohol on the skin of the ailing). After wetting the tampon, the vial with alcohol should be carefully closed and killed.
Banks to put tі lіlyanki tіla, devirazhenі m'yazovyi і pіdshkіrny adipose layer, scho smoothing bones - the region of the thoracic cavity (krim of the region of the heart, milk deposits, ridge; Fig. 7-6).
It is not possible to put jars on the heart area, milk follicles, ridge zone, near
Indications for cupping: inflammation of the chest organs - processes in legenia (bronchitis, pneumonia), neuritis, intercostal neuralgia, myositis.
Preppled before staging cans: leaps in the temperature of TIL, Ely -Yajyaksni Novutnoynnya, Helpers, Active form of Tuberculosis, legendary bleeding of an abundant yogo appear, Zakhoryvannya Shkiri, gisinennia of the heat of the gear, Sudomi, Sudzheni, strong zbuzhdogo, Narodogo -navigennya, strong zbuzhdogo. twisted.
Cans insertion technique
Necessary equipment: a tray (enamelled or wooden), in which you need to put jars (10-16 pieces), a container with vaseline, a bottle with 96% ethyl alcohol, a note (a metal probe with a cut on the tip and tightly wound on a new cotton wool) or zatisch Kocher (with wound cotton wool), sirniki, cotton wool.
The order of the follow-up procedure:
1. Banks before implantation are resolutely washed with hot water, wiped dry.
2. The edges of the cans should be checked for the presence of chips and other imperfections and smeared with a thin ball
vaseline.
3. Lay down the sick man in a pose.
4. Cover the shkir with vaseline with your hand before placing the jars.
5. Soak a cotton swab on a metal probe (gnit) or soak it in Kocher's grip in alcohol and vijati.
Vikoristovuvat ether for the installation of cans categorically zaboronyaetsya!
6. A bottle with alcohol is closed and killed.
7. Pіdpaliti gnіt.
8. Take a probe from the right hand with a stinging swab, from the lion - 1-2 banks.
9. In the middle of the jar, trimming її not far from the body, for a short hour to bring in a swab to burn; when you do not follow the edges of the can and overheat it (the hour sufficient to reach the middle of the can, - 1 s).
10. To the bank (banks) swiftly, with an energetic hand, report to the shkir.
11. Cover the patient with a carpet.
12. Run out of banks 10-15 min.
13. Take the jar: to take the jar, lightly press the edge of the jar with the fingers of the left hand, while pulling the bottom into the opposite side with the right hand.
14. After the completion of the procedure, wipe the cloth with a towel to remove the vaseline, cover the patient with a carpet. After the procedures for ailments, you can lie quietly for a little less than 1 year.
15. Rinse vikoristan jars with hot water and wipe dry.
Girchichniks
The fluffy speech of the girchichnikiv is the ethereal girchichna (alilova) oliya, as it enters the warehouse of the girchichnik and is seen from it at a temperature of 40-45 ° C. Oliya viklikaє teasing the receptors in the skin and її hyperemia, to cause to the expansion of blood-bearing vessels, spreading more to the internal organs, for the ribs of which a painful effect is reached, sooner the rozmoktuvannya of some igniting processes. Girchichniki zastosovuyut in the treatment of colds, flare-ups of the upper respiratory tract (rhinitis, pharyngitis), inflammatory processes in legenia (bronchitis, pneumonia), neurological ailments (myositis, neuralgia), with angina pectoris, hypertensive crisis.
Zagalni vіdomostі
Standard gyrchichniks - sheets of thin paper paper 8 x 12.5 cm, covered with a ball of low-fat gyrchichny powder (the term of saving becomes 8-10 ms.), or little balls from pressed filter paper, between which balls there is gyrchichny powder. The girchichnik, which is attached to vikoristannya, has a warm smell of girchichnoy olії and does not sip. Before victorious students, it is necessary to re-verify the quality.
Before the vzhivannyam gyrchichnik soak in warm water (40-45 ° C). For more high temperature, the oil will collapse. Girchichniks are applied for 10-15 minutes; in case of this ailment, the warmth of that small liver is to blame, and the skin may become hot (blackened). In the event of a tribal dії girchichnikіv opіk shkіri. Place of staging girchichnikiv (Fig. 7-7):
Potilitsya (hostry rhinitis, hypertensive crisis).
The upper part of the sternum (hostry tracheitis).
Interscapular area and under the shoulder blades (bronchitis, pneumonia).
Ikronіzhnі m'yazi (effectively with acute inflamed upper dyhal channels).
Girchichniks can be put only on a non-shkodzhen shkir. The next uniqueness of the setting of gyrchichniks on the dairy vines, the region of the nipples, the ridge, the birthplaces.
Indicated before the staging of gyrchichniki: inflammation of the upper dyhal passages (rhinitis, pharyngitis), inflammation of the legenia (bronchitis, pneumonia), myositis, neuralgia, hypertensive crisis (on the roof).
Contraindications before the procedure: sickness of the skin (pyoderma, neurodermatitis, eczema), high fever (over 38 ° C), legenev bleeding or malnutrition of the yogo development, malignant neoplasm.
Methodology for setting girchichniks
Necessary equipment: heat water (40-45 ° C), a tray (or a plate), girchichnik, towel, flannel pelushka, carpet. The order of the follow-up procedure:
1. Prepare warm water.
2. Lay the ailing in a handy position, carefully look around the skin.
3. Get a girchichnik for 5-10 for heat water with a temperature not higher than 45 ° C.
4. Apply the girchichnik with the side covered with girchitsey to the shkiri (when the shkiri is raised sensitively, apply the girchik through gauze).
5. The area for setting the girchichniks is covered with a towel, then with a carpet.
6. After 5-10 mins, the moment when the liver appeared to be taken with a vologo servlet from the shkiri.
7. Remove the excess of mustard powder - carefully wipe the skin with a servlet soaked in warm water.
8. Wipe the coat dry, cover the sick man on the rug.
Girchichni baths
It is possible to infuse girchichny baths from instillation of girchich powder (50 g per 10 l of water). The stench can be spicy (for colds and illnesses) and mistsemic - foot (for treating hypertensive ailments). Bath trivality to become 20-30 min. If the baths of the ailing are washed with clean warm water, rubbed, and then wrapped with a blanket or a carpet.
Contraindications for vikoristannya gyrchichnyh baths: high fever, high sensitivity shkir to tirchitsa, sickness shkir, legenev bleeding, evil newborn, active form of tuberculosis, nesvidomy camp sick.
Hydrotherapy procedures (balneotherapy)
Before hydrotherapy procedures (balneotherapy; lat. balneum - bath, bathing), showers, baths, douching, rubbing, water choking.
Cold (up to 20 ° C) and cold(20-30 ° C) water causes a spasm of the vessels of the skin, an increase in heart rate, an increase in the arterial pressure, an increase in the tone of the bony masses, smooth muscles of the internal organs. Water treatment with such a temperature will lead to zastosovat іz zagalnozmіtsnyuyuchoyu and gartuє tsіlami, to stimulate the function of the central nervous system, to promote the exchange of speech.
Indifferent (34-36 ° C) water has a lingering sedative, relaxing effect.
Heat (37-39 ° C) and hot (over 40 ° C) water will help you relax your blood, expand your blood vessels, increase your heart rate, decrease arterial pressure, decrease mucosal tone, relax the smooth muscles of internal organs, and increase sweating.
Bathtubs are divided according to recognition (hygienic and luxurious), areas of zastosuvannya (global
і mіstsevі), warehouse - "perlinnі" (bulbashki povіtrya pіd tuck), pіnіstі (pіnоtvoryuyuchi rhechovini), vіbrаtіynі і whirlpool (strengthening of the mechanical factor of water), aromatic (coniferous, shavlієvі thinly), mineral (sirkovodnі) and іn. For a trivalent bath, the procedure can be short-hour (up to 5 minutes), medium trivality(10-20 xv) that trivalimi (until dekіlkoh years).
Contraindications: severe atherosclerosis, heart failure, hypertensive crisis, cerebral and coronary blood circulation disorders, active tuberculosis.
When carrying out luxuriant baths and other water procedures, it is necessary to carefully follow the camp of ailments, which, through the advancement of the arterial pressure, increase the frequency of the heart rate (HR), and the breath can sometimes be worsened.
Bloodletting
Bloodletting - removal from the circulatory system of the pulmonary blood volume to reduce the volume of circulating blood (BCC), arterial and venous pressure. Bleeding zastosovuyut in case of acute left ventricular insufficiency (severe leg, as if with any daily signs of shock or collapse), hypertensive crisis, legenevy hypertension, poly-
cytoemia (expressed by an increase in the number of erythrocytes), irritated by such abrasions, as if they were trivally occluded in the blood. In this hour, for the obviousness of highly effective medical remedies, bloodletting is infrequently given. For example, in singing situations, it’s more than bloodletting, you can improve the camp of an ill person, or you can heal your life.
Contraindications: decrease in arterial pressure, hypovolemia (changes in the total volume of blood vessels), anemia (milk blood), manifestations of damage to the blood clotting system, zhovtyanitsya.
Bloodletting is necessary for additional venepuncture or venesection; 200-400 ml of blood is simultaneously removed. The procedure should be carried out correctly and carefully, so as to avoid discomfort (non-comfort, falling of the arterial pressure is too thin).
Necessary equipment: needles for venepuncture, humic tourniquet, graduated blood container, sterile servets, alcohol, iodine, a special glue roll, mittens.
The order of the follow-up procedure:
1. Under the lektovy zgin, put a roller, covering it with glue and a sterile servlet.
2. The place of bloodletting should be treated with alcohol (iodine cannot be vaccinated). The hands of a medical practitioner, who is to carry out the procedure, are robed (sequentially: mittya, alcohol, mittens).
3. Before inserting the neck, tighten the patient's hand with a humic tourniquet above the elbow bend on 1-3 mins (pulse is due to promiscuity, overwrapped due to veins).
4. Vikonati venipuncture (div. below divided “Blood collection for follow-up z veni” in Chapter 9), insert the head with a stream of blood, looking up.
5. Don't know the venous tourniquet! Seen from the bloodstream 200-400 ml of blood (deposit in the indication), tighten the neck, take a tourniquet.
6. After the completion of the procedure on the bloodletting site, apply a sterile servlet and an aseptic bandage.
7. Take off your gloves, take off your hands.
Hirudotherapy
Hirudotherapy (lat. hirudo - p'yavka), or bdelloterapiya (Greek bdella - p'yavka), - zastosuvannya medical p'yavka z likuvalny method. Hirudotherapy is carried out for macular bleeding, as well as for lowering blood pharynx (anti-reversal). At the same time, from the secret of sinus ulcers, the appearance in the body of a person consumes hirudin (an anticoagulant - anti-throat speech) and histamine-like speech, which expands the clearance of other vessels and increases bleeding. In the extracts of whole leeches, the enzyme hyaluronidase was also revealed, which facilitates the penetration of various speeches into the body, which increases the penetration of tissues and capillary walls. In this rank, the exaltation of the appearances, although it is considered as one of the methods of physiotherapeutic exaltation, in fact it acts as a medical procedure.
In likuvanni ailments (already without blemishes) zastosovuyut and well hirudin - like visions from bleeps, so synthetically created preparations ("Hirulog", "P'yavit").
Indications: hypertensive crisis, hypertensive disease, IXC (angina pectoris, myocardial infarction), venous congestion in the liver, vein thrombosis and thrombophlebitis, hemorrhoids.
Contraindication: anemia, reduced blood pharynx, treatment with anticoagulants, decreased AT, purulent-septic and allergic diseases, increased sensitivity of the skin, vaginess.
Possible aggravation:
sverb_zh shkіri (for yoga liquidation, smear the shkіru around the wound with the sum of ammonia with vaseline oil in equal proportions);
when placing a bleed on the superficial vein - bleeding (for bleeding bleeds, apply a bandage to press);
pyoderma, furunculosis, which are blamed for underestimating the rules of asepsis and antisepsis
bleed in the subcutaneous tissue.
Description of holes. For the procedure of vicory, medical leeches - Hirudo medicinalis (class of small worms; Fig. 7-8). The place of their living is fresh with water. A number of medical appearances include more than 10 species, but only one - a great medical appearance. She has a twisted, trochic flattened body and two suckers - oral and posterior. On the vіdmіnu vіd іnshih vyvіv, medіnі ї p'yavki є є dvі pomaranchevі hutches. Healthy p'yavka may be dark-olive zabarvlennya, a characteristic glint. The leeches of a wet blood only for help are not
middle suckers, in yakіy є chitinous denticles, zavdyaky like a p'yavka pierce the skin on a depth of up to 1.5 mm.
When applied (lat. applicatio - supplement, report) on the skin of a person, one person has grown up to 10-15 ml of blood, which takes from 20 to 90 min. Trivality of bleeding from the wound becomes 6-24 years old, with the total amount of blood, which bleeds - 10-40 ml. At the same time, 8-10 p'appearances are applied.
A way to save p'appearances. Leaks should be taken from clean wells, string or tap water at a temperature of 10 to 18 ° C in wide-mouthed glass jars, covered with gauze (to ensure access to prevent the appearance of holes), at a darkened room. The water should be mined 1 time for extraction: the jars are filled with mucus and filled with water by half. Vodoprovidnu water for zberіgannya p'yavok slid vіdstoyuvat not less dobi in an enameled vіdrі for vydalannya (vitryuvannya) chlorine and sedimentation of salts of liza and other houses. It is necessary to vibrate and see ailments of leeches for such signs: bulging, in'yale, mucus body with breasts of mucus, reducing the characteristic glare, looking at the body of leeches, exaggeration of aggressiveness, activity. Signs of a healthy attack, adnexal procedure, etc.
1. A smooth, shiny body without breasts of mucus.
2. The reaction to the dotik is pronounced - the spring is short, the body is shortened.
3. Aggressiveness - negain prismoktuvannya to omitted at the bank with p'yavkami rutsi.
4. Activity - the exercise to get rid of the bank.
You can win a turnout more than once!
Main Methods of Likuvannya
Application of eyelets to an independent fall (tobto with bleeding).
Znyatya p'yavok pіslya prismoktuvannya (tobto without kroviluchennya).
The month of setting the p'appearances (Fig. 7-9)
The area of the nipple-like growth is 1 cm behind the inner edge of the auricle (with thrombosis of the cerebral vessels, hypertensive ailment).
In the area of the third-fifth intercostal space, 1 cm above the left edge of the sternum (angina pectoris, myocardial infarction).
The region of the right hypochondrium (venous stasis at the liver).
Along the course of the wounded vein, 1 cm slaughtered from the edges through the skin 5 cm in the check order (thrombophlebitis).
Navkolo kuprik (haemorrhoids).
P'appearance technique(Fig. 7-10) Required equipment:
clean dishes (test tube, jar);
sterile tray, tweezers;
alcohol, 5% alcohol solution to iodine, water peroxide, glucose solution; formalin or ammonia;
hot water;
sterile servets, tampons, cotton sticks, dressing material.
You can’t put leeches on those places where you can see the veins, or the arteries come close, the shards of the bleeders can bite through them, which calls for a strong bleeding.
The order of the procedure for labor therapy with bleeding
1. Prepare the ailing (become ill - lying down and sitting down in the place of application of p'avok).
2. Shave the skin: shave the hair, rub it thoroughly with alcohol (water with peroxide), wipe the sprat once with a swab, soak it with hot water; It is recognized for the application of the dilyanka to moisten it with glucose more often (for the application of pimples).
3. From the jars, put into a small clean container 2-3 pieces; peeps are picked up with an aquarium net, or if you put your hand in a jar - the peeps call for warmth on the bottom, without touching it, to that the skin on the bottom is rude.
It is not possible to take a p'appearance with tweezers, for that, with which one can harm the nervous system of a p'appearance and viklikati її paralych.
4. Viymati z judge for one p'yavtsі and place at the test tube; bring the test tube under the frailty to the body of the body, and in the world of the passage of the eyelet, direct it with a swab, soaked in hot water (the temperature of the water is not guilty of exceeding 90 ° C).
5. If the p'yavka primokchet (bite through the skin and the more frail ruhi), tidy up the test tube and put on the bottom (rear) sucker servlet.
6. P'yavok nebhіdno roztashovuvat vіlno, without imposing one on one; in case of an hourly pinning, wetting (boiling of the bleed) is carried out along the body with cotton wool soaked in warm water; in the world of blood-soaked blood, the blemishes fall on their own.
It is not possible to open leeches;
7. Put on a dry aseptic bandage from a significant amount of hygroscopic cotton wool; if necessary (with significant leakage of blood bandage), bandage bandages; to change the bandages through the doba.
8. The use of vikoristan p'yavki in rozchinі formalin (or ammonia).
The order of the procedure for labor therapy without bleeding
1. Vikonati in stages, paragraphs. 1-5 procedures of hirudotherapy for bleeding (wonderful).
2. In order to take a p'appearance, to cover the skin of a sick man in the field of application of a p'appearance.
ponom, soak in one of these varieties: alcohol, alcohol solution to iodine, 10% calcium chloride solution, or 10% (hypertonic) sodium chloride solution.
3. Put on a dry aseptic bandage (change of bandage - through the doba).
4. The use of vikoristan p'yavki in rozchinі formalin (or ammonia). Wounds in the form of bites, ring out through 2-3 days. Yakshcho after znyatya bandage wound pro-
may bleed, then put pressure on the bandage. You can start bleeding with potassium permanganate. For frequent bleeding, it is necessary to treat wounds and color wounds with 5% alcohol solution, iodine, alcohol or water peroxide, apply a dry bandage.