Latin name:Paracetamol
ATX code: N02BE01
Active substance: Paracetamol
Manufacturer:Pharmstandard-Leksredstva, Russia
Pharmacy dispensing condition: Without recipe
The drug is one of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, exhibits analgesic and thermoregulatory effects.
Indications for use
The use of the drug is indicated for:
- Relief of pain syndrome (migraine, headache and toothache, soreness in the muscles, neuralgia; pain due to trauma, burns, algodismenoria)
- Reducing elevated body temperature with infectious ailments.
Composition
Rectal suppositories contain 50 mg, 100 mg, 150 mg, 250 mg or 500 mg of the active substance.
Paracetamol suspension (syrup) in 1 ml contains 24 mg of an analgesic and antipyretic component.
Healing properties
Before you drink drugs, you should familiarize yourself with the action of the drug Paracetamol, which helps. The active component of tablets, suppositories and syrup is one of the phenacetin derivatives. Its mechanism of action is based on inhibition of the production of prostaglandins (a compound synthesized during inflammatory process, is the cause of painful prolapse and fever).
The analgesic effect of the drug is achieved through the effect on the neurons of the central nervous system. The anti-inflammatory effect is poorly expressed, moreover, the drug does not irritate the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract.
The active substance is quickly absorbed by the mucous membranes of the digestive system and enters the general bloodstream. Metabolic processes occur in liver cells with the formation of metabolites, some of them are toxic. That is why the medicine is not recommended for people suffering from serious diseases of the kidneys, liver and hematopoietic system. Excretion of metabolic products is carried out by the kidneys.
When taking the tablets, the highest concentration of the active substance in the blood is observed after 20-30 minutes, after 1-1.5 hours the peak of its action is diagnosed.
Release form
Round-shaped tablets of a whitish shade are placed in a blister of 10 pcs., Inside a pack of 1 or 2 blister packs.
Paracetamol torpedo-shaped candles are located in a contoured cell package, a pack contains 10 candles.
Paracetamol is a pinkish or light yellow syrup with a pronounced strawberry or orange aroma. It is sold in 50 ml or 100 ml bottles.
The use of Paracetamol tablets
Tab price: from 3 to 20 rubles.
Before taking Paracetamol, you should read the standard dosages for adults and children.
Tablets for adult patients and children from 12 years of age are prescribed in a dosage of 4 mg per day (8 tab. Paracetamol 500), it is best to take after meals.
Paracetamol for children: instruction
Paracetamol is prescribed for children from the age of two; a prescription in Latin is not required to purchase the medicine.
For children of the younger age group, the optimal dosage is ½ a tablet of Paracetamol 0.2 g, the child should take drugs with a time interval of 4-6 hours. From the age of six, you can double the dose of the drug. It is allowed to give Paracetamol to children for colds without fever (you can drink as directed by a doctor).
The highest daily dosage of Paracetamol for babies 3-6 years old is 1 gram, from 7 to 9 years old - 1.5 grams, from 10 to 12 years old - 2 grams.
Paracetamol tablets can be given to children in the form of a powder diluted with water to make it easier to take the medicine.
Paracetamol for children at a dosage of 325 mg is prescribed from the age of 10, at temperatures it is recommended to drink twice or three times a day, like ordinary children's paracetamol.
Paracetamol: instructions for the use of suppositories
Candle price: from 23 to 52 rubles.
Paracetamol from the temperature can be used in candles, no prescription is required when purchasing them.
Before using suppositories, you will need to perform a bowel cleansing procedure. Adults are advised to light candles at a dosage of 500 mg one to four times a day.
Paracetamol candles for children of various dosages are prescribed depending on the age of the child:
- Babies 3-12 months - candles 0.08 g
- Children 1-6 years old - candles 0.17 g
- Children 7-12 years old - suppositories 0.33 g.
The interval between the introduction of suppositories should be at least 4 hours. It is necessary to control how often the child drinks liquid, as a strict drinking regime will accelerate recovery.
Paracetamol syrup for children: application
Syrup price: from 39 to 138 rubles.
Children's syrup is prescribed for children from 3 months, the dosage is calculated according to age:
- 3-12 months: ½ teaspoon
- From 1 year to 6 years: 1-2 teaspoons
- 6-14 years old: 2-4 teaspoons.
Paracetamol syrup for children can be taken with water.
The frequency of taking the medicine Paracetamol for children suspension is once every 4 hours.
Application during pregnancy and hepatitis B
The drug can be used during pregnancy and hepatitis B in doses recommended by the doctor.
Contraindications
The use of the drug is not prescribed for:
- Oversensitivity to the active substance or other NSAIDs
- Abnormalities in the functioning of the liver and renal system
- Anemias
- Disorders of the hematopoietic system.
Precautions
With extreme caution, it is necessary to use the medicine for benign hyperbilirubinemia, for violations of the kidneys and liver, as well as for elderly patients.
Cross-drug interactions
Medicines with hepatotoxic effects and inducers of hepatic microsomal enzymes can increase the hepatotoxicity of paracetamol.
Joint reception with COCs accelerates the elimination of the drug from the body, reducing its analgesic effect. Taking phenytoin, phenobarbital, carbamazepine, as well as primidone and a number of anticholinergic drugs is able to reduce the concentration of paracetamol in the blood.
Ethinylestradiol significantly increases the absorption of this drug by the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract, respectively, increases its plasma concentration.
Compatibility with antibiotics is observed.
The drug is able to reduce the effect of uricosuric drugs, slows down the process of elimination by diazepam and lamotrigine.
Paracetamol and alcohol: compatibility
You can not combine the drug with the intake of alcoholic beverages. A drinking patient is at risk of developing severe liver disease.
Side effects
During treatment, the following side reactions may occur:
- Skin allergies
- Development of dyspeptic symptoms
- Disruption of the hematopoietic system
- Change in platelet count
- When taking higher doses - hepatotoxic effect
- Kidney and liver pathologies.
Overdose
Taking overdoses of the drug provokes:
- Nausea, urge to vomit
- Severe pallor of the skin
- Development of anorexia
- Impaired glucose metabolism
- Metabolic acidosis.
After two days, liver dysfunction may occur. Treatment includes acetylcysteine \u200b\u200band methionine.
Storage conditions and shelf life
Tablets are stored at room temperature, syrup - at temperatures up to 18 C, suppositories - up to 20 C. The shelf life of suppositories and syrup is 2 years, and tablets - 3 years.
Analogs
Panadol for children
GlaxoSmithKline, UK
Price from 52 to 112 rubles.
Panadol contains paracetamol, therefore, its properties, as well as the nature of the effect, completely coincide with those of a domestically produced drug. Panadol is produced in the form of suspension tablets and suppositories.
Pros:
- Quickly relieves pain and normalizes body temperature
- Syrup and candles are prescribed for children from 3 months.
- No prescription required.
Minuses:
- More expensive than domestic analogue
- May provoke allergies
- Contraindicated in liver and kidney pathologies.
Paracetamol is one of the most common over-the-counter medications. In addition to the domestic name "Paracetamol", this medicine can be found under the following names: "Efferalgan", "Panadol", "Paracet", "Volpan", "Dofalgan", "Mexalen", "Opradol", "Akamol", "Acetaminophen".
The forms of its release are very diverse:
- Syrups.
- Capsules.
- Drops.
- Elixirs.
- Rectal suppositories.
- Tablets.
- Soluble powders for oral administration.
- Liquid for injection.
The properties of the drug are reduced to anesthesia and lowering the temperature, as evidenced by the attached instruction, which indicates that the drug "Paracetamol" is an analgesic and antipyretic.
Paracetamol tablets: what do they help from? This drug is intended to treat the manifestations (symptoms) of an illness and can only be used to temporarily relieve pain and fever. To determine the ailment and thorough treatment, it is advisable to contact your doctor who will decide whether it makes sense to continue taking this medication further.
"Paracetamol" is a rather safe drug, as a rule, it does not cause serious disturbances in the body due to an overdose. Exceeding the dose in two or three times the amount usually does not pose a threat to health, but you should not be guided by this and take the medicine in excess of the norm in the hope of relieving fever or pain as soon as possible.
The action of the drug and its hidden capabilities
Unlike "Paracetamol", they do not have a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, nevertheless, due to their positive qualities, they can be found in almost every home medicine cabinet.
This drug is best tolerated by people with high acidity levels, it can be taken at any time and not necessarily after a meal (as is commonly believed).
The effect of the medication you drink appears in about 15 minutes and lasts for 4 hours. Some studies have confirmed that this miracle drug affects not only physical pain, but also a bad state of mind caused by any incident, which means that its effect extends to the central nervous system.
The drug "Paracetamol": disadvantages
Since there are no perfect medicines, this universal medicine has drawbacks that you should definitely be aware of:
- The drug "Paracetamol" does not always help and not everyone. This is because it is a weak pain reliever that is ineffective for severe pain. Perhaps the reason lies in the production of different amounts of liver enzymes in people, which deactivate the medication itself. High enzyme levels simply flush the drug out of the body before it can take effect.
- Despite its harmlessness, there is still a risk of overdose. The critical content of "Paracetamol" in the blood can pose a real threat to human life. The maximum dose should contain no more than 2 tablets at a time, there should be no more than 4 such doses per day.
Medicine not for frequent use
The drug "Paracetamol" (tablets), the use of which was excessive, can very quickly affect the internal organs. Patients admitted to the intensive care unit receive large amounts of the antidote N-acetylcysteine. A condition in which the elimination of toxins from the body is difficult (liver disease, hangover, an individual characteristic of the body) can worsen the situation and greatly complicate the liver.
This medication is not intended for systematic use, so if the pain is caused by any chronic illness, alternative analgesics should be sought.
Paracetamol tablets. From what and how much to take: safety rules
- The highest dose for adults is 4 grams per day, 1 gram at a time. The interval between doses of the medicine should be at least 4 hours. Any dose is taken into account, regardless of how it entered the body - orally, intravenously or rectally.
- Children's dosage is indicated in the annotation or on the bottle, it is calculated based on the weight and age of the child. As for the drug "Paracetamol" in tablets, the dosage in tablets for children is calculated in the same way as for adults, and the calculation of the amount of the drug by the weight of the child will be more accurate than by his age. Well, if it is not possible to find out the exact weight of the baby, you should use the age table.
What shouldn't you do?
In no case should the maximum dosage and number of doses be exceeded. If the child's temperature rises earlier than the prescribed period of admission, the medicine should be replaced, for example, with the drug "Ibuprofen". If there is no alternative, or if the baby is too young to take other medications, you can arrange a warm shower, after which be sure to call the pediatrician. If, nevertheless, the maximum dose has been exceeded, you should immediately contact your pediatrician, without waiting for the manifestation side effects.
If there are kidney problems, forget about the "Paracetamol" drug, replacing it with the "Aspirin" medication.
Contraindications:
- High sensitivity to the drug.
- Newborns up to 3 months.
- Pregnancy, lactation.
- Liver disease.
- Advanced age.
Do not take Paracetamol tablets uncontrollably. What does the dosage depend on? This remedy is a part of complex drugs such as Antigrippin, Teraflu, Fervex, Solpadein, Coldrex, Mexavit, Panadein and many others, used for colds and with additional effects - antiallergic, antitussive, eliminating nasal congestion. To exclude an overdose, the drug must be stored away from children.
In Russia, the drug can be presented in the form of syrup and suppositories of 50-150 mg, which are used practically from the first months of a child's life. In order to correctly calculate the dose and prevent drug poisoning, it is advisable to prescribe "Paracetamol" in tablets for children over 6 years old.
Calculation of the effective dose for the child:
3-6 months ~ 2 times a day, 80 mg;
6-12 months ~ 2-3 times 80 mg;
1-2 years ~ 3-4 times 80 mg;
2-4 years ~ 2-3 times 150 mg;
4-6 years ~ 3-4 times a day, 150 mg;
6-8 years ~ 2-3 times 250-300 mg;
8-12 years old ~ 3 times a day, 250-300 mg;
12-15 years old ~ 3-4 times 250-300 mg.
Faithful assistant
Why is the medicine "Paracetamol" so popular? What exactly is such fame from? Most common reason its application is to increase the temperature at infectious diseases, among which the most common are ARVI. The high efficiency of the drug is observed precisely with ARVI, however, when complications of this disease occur, the effect of the drug is minimized or completely disappears. Not a single serious infection is too tough for this medication, since in this case it is impossible to lower the temperature. That is why the drug "Paracetamol" should be in every first-aid kit, as it makes it possible to correctly assess the severity of the disease: if the temperature easily gets lost, then there is a high probability of a minor illness of the body. If it does not give any action, something more serious is possible, which means that you should visit your doctor in the near future.
Paracetamol is a widespread central non-narcotic analgesic, antipyretic drug with mild anti-inflammatory properties. The medicine is intended for symptomatic therapy, reducing inflammation and pain. Paracetamol tablets (paracetamol) block the synthesis of PG in the central nervous system, reduce the effect of PG on thermoregulation, and increase heat transfer. Instructions for the use of Paracetamol indicates the effectiveness of the drug in the treatment of mild to moderate pain syndrome (myalgia, arthralgia, migraine, neuralgia, headache and toothache, algodismenorrhea), as well as febrile syndrome associated with infections.
The medicine is quickly absorbed into the body and has curative action for several hours, then excreted by the kidneys in the form of metabolites.
1. Pharmacological action
Medicinal group:Anesthetic drug with antipyretic effect.
Healing effects:
- Antipyretic action;
- Anti-inflammatory action;
- Pain relieving effect;
- Oppression of the center of thermoregulation;
- Inhibition of the synthesis of prostaglandins.
Paracetamol is rapidly absorbed and easily penetrates into all body tissues.
The analgesic effect of Paracetamol occurs after half an hour, antipyretic - after two hours.
Binding to plasma blood proteins: insignificant (no more than a quarter of the dose taken).
Excretion: kidneys.
2.indications for use
Symptomatic treatment:- headaches;
- pain during menstruation;
- neuralgia;
- conditions accompanied by an increase in general body temperature;
- toothache;
- muscle pain;
3. Method of application
Paracetamol in tablet form:- for children 3-6 years old: no more than two grams of the drug per day, divided into three doses;
- for children 9-12 years old: no more than two grams of the drug per day, divided into three doses;
- for adult patients: no more than four grams of the drug per day, divided into three doses.
- for children from three months to one year of age: up to 5 milliliters of syrup per day, divided into several doses;
- for children from one to 5 years old: up to 10 milliliters of syrup per day, divided into several doses;
- for children from 5 to 12 years old: up to 20 ml of syrup per day, divided into several doses;
- for adult patients: up to 40 milliliters of syrup per day, divided into several doses.
- for children from three months to three years: 15 milligrams of the drug for each kilogram of weight up to four times a day;
- for children and adult patients weighing more than 60 kilograms: 0.5 grams of the drug up to four times a day;
- for children 3-6 years old: up to two grams of the drug up to four times a day;
- for children 6-12 years old: up to two grams of the drug per day, divided into four doses.
Paracetamol tablet should be taken after meals.
4. Side effects
- Urinary system: the appearance of aseptic pyuria, renal colic,;
- Cardiovascular system: decreased ability of the myocardium to contract;
- Various hypersensitivity reactions to Paracetamol: itching, skin rashes,;
- Hematopoietic system: a decrease in the number of platelets, a decrease in the number of leukocytes, anemia, an increase in the number of agranulocytes, the appearance of methemoglobin in the blood;
- Central and peripheral nervous system: drowsiness, increased nervous excitability;
- Digestive system: stomach pains, nausea, toxic liver damage.
5. Contraindications
- The presence of functional insufficiency of the normal activity of the liver;
- Individual intolerance to Paracetamol or its components;
- The presence of inflammatory diseases of the intestinal mucosa;
- Hypersensitivity to Paracetamol or its components;
- The presence of functional failure of the normal activity of the kidneys.
- Use of the drug in pregnant women;
- The use of Paracetamol in nursing mothers.
6. During pregnancy and lactation
Pregnant women can take any form of Paracetamol only in exceptional cases.Breastfeeding mothers can take any form of the drug only in exceptional cases.
7. Interaction with other medicinal products
Simultaneous use of Paracetamol with:- Rifampicin or antiepileptic drugs leads to toxic liver damage and a decrease in its antipyretic effect;
- Salicylic acid, antispasmodic drugs, indirect anticoagulant drugs, coumarin derivatives, Codeine or Caffeine leads to an increase in their therapeutic effect;
- Phenobarbital leads to the appearance of methemoglobin in the blood;
- Paramin, Para-tralom, Pentalgin, Fervex, Cold-flux, Tempalgin, Sedal-M, Paravit for children, Parapast, Parafex, Pharmacitron, Coldrex, Askofen or Sedalgin-Neo leads to an overdose of Paracetamol.
8. Overdose
Symptoms:- Digestive system: toxic liver damage, nausea, urge to vomit;
- Central nervous system: drowsiness, dizziness;
- Cardiovascular system: pallor of the skin, pallor of the mucous membranes;
- Urinary system: toxic kidney damage.
Overdose treatment:
- Gastric lavage in the first hours after taking excessive doses;
- The use of N-acetylcysteine \u200b\u200bin any form;
- Detoxification treatment;
- Symptomatic treatment.
9. Release form
Tablets, 200 mg - 10 pcs; 500 mg - 10 or 20 piecesSyrup, 125 mg / 5 ml - vial 50 or 100 ml.
Suppositories (candles), 50,100, 250, 500 mg - 10 pcs.
Suspension, 120 mg / 5 ml - vial 100 ml.
10. Storage conditions
- Room humidity level within normal limits;
- Complete impossibility of access for children and strangers;
- No direct sunlight.
11. Composition
5 ml suspension:
- paracetamol - 120 mg.
1 tablet:
- paracetamol - 200 or 500 mg.
5 ml syrup:
- paracetamol - 125 mg.
1 suppository:
- paracetamol - 100 mg.
12. Terms of dispensing from pharmacies
The drug is dispensed without a prescription.How many of us know exactly what is in his home medicine cabinet? How closely do we study the contraindications of Paracetamol before using it? What does it really help from - from bouts of pain or an outbreak of inflammation?
Instructions for the use of tablets Paracetamol defines a medicine as:
- anti-inflammatory;
- pain reliever;
- febrifuge.
Meanwhile, the drug has a number of contraindications, for example, it cannot be taken too often, trying to drown out minor pain, as most Europeans do. Otherwise, an overdose is possible and, as a result, the development of hepatic and (or) renal failure.
Contraindications to the use of tablets are also: inflammatory diseases of the intestinal mucosa, hypersensitivity to the components of Paracetamol. Detailed instructions for the drug are presented on our website.
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* Instructions for medical use to the drug Paracetamol is published in free translation. THERE ARE CONTRAINDICATIONS. BEFORE USING IT IS NECESSARY TO CONSULT A SPECIALIST
Paracetamol is a widespread and very effective drug that has good analgesic (pain relieving), anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties.
This medication helps to quickly eliminate pain of varying intensity (headache or toothache, trauma, arthritis, back pain, muscle or joint pain), effectively reduces elevated temperature body for various inflammatory diseases of the body (ARVI, bronchitis, tonsillitis, flu, etc.), and also helps to significantly reduce the inflammatory process.
The main medicinal action of Paracetamol begins, as a rule, after 30-40 minutes. after taking it and, on average, lasts for 6-8 hours, depending on the severity and severity of the course of a particular inflammatory disease.
The drug is quickly and very well absorbed in the body, while practically does not accumulate, it is well excreted by the kidneys.
The main indications for the use of Paracetamol:
- moderate or severe fever, which is accompanied by an increase in body temperature over 38 grams;
- toothache or headache;
- arthralgia (inflammatory damage to the joints of the body);
- the period of menstruation in women, which are accompanied by significant soreness;
- osteochondrosis (back pain);
- neuralgia (used in complex treatment);
- severe muscle pain;
- various injuries (contusion, dislocation, fracture, burns);
- migraine.
Attention: before long-term use of Paracetamol, it is recommended to consult with a physician!
This drug is produced in the form of tablets for internal administration of 200-500 mg, syrup or rectal suppositories for administration into the rectum, as well as an injection solution for intramuscular or intravenous administration.
How to drink Paracetamol?
The daily dose of Paracetamol for adults is 1 t. (500-1000 mg.) No more than 3-4 r. on the day after meals with plenty of water. The minimum interval between receiving a given medicinal product should be at least 3-4 hours.
For children from 6 to 14 years old, the daily dose of Paracetamol should be ½ - 1 t. (250/500 mg.) No more than 2-3 rubles. per day, depending on the specific age of the child.
Remember: it is categorically contraindicated to take Paracetamol for more than 3 days without a preliminary appointment of a qualified doctor, since this can lead to the development of rather serious side complications.
Paracetamol syrup for adults should be taken in 5-10 ml doses. no more than 3-4 p. per day, while the maximum daily dose should not exceed more than 40 ml.
Contraindications to the use of Paracetamol
- hypersensitivity of the body to the main active ingredient of the drug;
- acute inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (gastritis, stomach ulcer);
- anemia;
- acute renal or hepatic failure;
- alcoholism;
- pregnancy and lactation (breastfeeding).
Side effects of Paracetamol
As a rule, the development of any adverse reactions after taking Paracetamol can be extremely rare, the main of which are:
- nausea or vomiting (develops mainly with a significant overdose of the drug);
- dizziness;
- an allergic skin rash (urticaria);
- dry mouth;
- increased skin itching;
- drowsiness;
- decreased appetite.
With the development of any of the above side effects, it is recommended to completely stop further use of the drug, and also, be sure to consult a doctor!
In this article, we have found out what Paracetamol helps from, as well as how it should be taken correctly.
Paracetamol is in the first place in the list of the international health organization among the most demanded and vital drugs. This provision is due to its safety and effectiveness. In this regard, the question of how to take Paracetamol sounds quite often, since the medication is freely available in all pharmacy chains in the world.
There are a wide variety of forms of release of this drug, for example, such:
- rectal suppositories;
- tablets;
- capsules;
- syrups;
- suspension.
When should you take Paracetamol?
The drug has a pronounced antipyretic, moderate analgesic and weak anti-inflammatory effect. This characteristic indicates that it can be used in the following situations:- hyperthermia with flu, ARVI;
- headache associated with physical overwork;
- toothache;
- muscle pain;
- aches and chills;
- pain during menstruation;
- painful teething;
- migraine.
In the event of any painful sensations or sudden fever, you need to contact a highly qualified doctor to determine the cause and prescribe an effective treatment plan.
Uncontrolled, self-administration of paracetamol can aggravate the situation and lubricate clinical manifestations serious pathology, which will complicate the diagnosis and differentiation of the diagnosis.
Paracetamol dosage
How to drink the medicine and in what dose, only a doctor can determine for sure. Usually the dose for a child is 10-15 mg per 1 kilogram of body weight, and for adults, tablets and capsules with a dosage of 325 and 400 mg are recommended.In children, age and weight are taken into account, which is detailed in the annotation to the drug. The frequency of admission is no more than 4-5 times a day at the rate of every 3.5-4 hours with severe hyperthermia caused by respiratory viral diseases or teething.
In adults and children over 14 years old, the situation is a little simpler, since the main warning is the daily dose of the drug, which should not exceed 4 grams, with the possible use of a single dosage of up to 1 gram. For the safe use of antipyretic drugs, you must strictly follow the doctor's recommendations.
Features of the use of paracetamol
Paracetamol and other antipyretic drugs should always be taken with plenty of fluids. So the antipyretic effect will come faster and be more pronounced. The state of hyperthermia, in principle, requires compliance with an increased drinking regime, since there is a large release of toxins into the bloodstream, and additional fluid contributes to their early flushing.The required volume of liquid is approximately 2-3 liters for an adult and 1.5 liters for a child over 2 years old. Experts recommend drinking tea with honey, raspberry jam and lemon, as well as decoctions of linden, chamomile and sage. To neutralize the increased acidity provoked by the frequent use of antipyretic drugs, you should drink warm milk with a pinch of soda.