Temperature 37 after ARVI. How many days does the temperature last for ARVI

The most typical and common diagnosis in the cold season is ARI (acute respiratory diseases) and ARVI (acute respiratory viral infections).

This is due to the selective effect of the cold factor on respiratory system... That is why, for people working in conditions of hypothermia, the incidence of ARVI and other respiratory diseases, occupies a leading position.

This is a group of infectious diseases in which various parts of the respiratory (respiratory) tract are affected.

In this case, the development of a number of aRVI symptoms, the main of which are:

• catarrhal-respiratory syndrome - inflammation of the mucous membrane with increased production of mucus (exudate). With various forms of acute respiratory viral infections, manifestations in the nasal cavity can be in the form of congestion, minor or abundant nasal discharge. Defeat respiratory tract accompanied by sore throat and coughs of various nature - from dry, "barking" to productive with light sputum. In addition, patients note pain in the eyes, lacrimation. The disease lasts so long how many days are kept these manifestations;
• intoxication - weakness, chills, headache, dizziness, nausea;
• temperature with ARVI keeps several days if it is flu and parainfluenza, and about 2 weeks - with adeno viral infection... The rise in temperature can be from subfebrile (about 37.5 ° C) to very high (over 39-40 ° C). From that how long does the temperature last with ARVI,the severity of the course and the degree of intoxication of the body depends;
• suppression of the immune system;
• inflammation of the lymph nodes - cervical, mandibular, parotid, occipital. It is typical not for all forms of ARVI, but sometimes it is the only symptom (for MS-viral and reovirus infection);
• activation of secondary microflora;
• act colds (hypothermia).

This group of diseases occurs in both children and adults. Special frequent ARVItypical for children who attend preschool.

The reasons are not so much cold, as the effect of viruses on the body weakened due to hypothermia. The main pathogens diseases,belonging to the group are various serotypes of influenza viruses, parainfluenza, adenoviruses, respiratory syncytial (RS-virus), reoviruses and rhinoviruses. Therefore, each species has its own specifics. symptomsand tactics treatment.Children are most susceptible to parainfluenza and MS viral infection, and adults are more likely to be infected with rhinoviruses.

Comparative characteristics of clinical forms aRVI diseases

Signs	ARVI disease
		Parainfluenza	Adenovirus infection	Rhinovirus infection	Reovirus infection	MS infection
Incubation period	Several hours - 1-2 days
Duration			10-15 days, sometimes up to 3-4 weeks
SARS is contagious
Onset of the disease	Very spicy					Gradual
Syndrome prevails	Intoxication	Catarrhal	Catarrhal	Catarrhal	Catarrhal	Respiratory failure
Intoxication			Moderate
Body temperature	(up to 5 days)	37-38 ° С, in children up to 39 ° С	(up to 2 weeks)	Normal or subfebrile	Subfebrile or normal	Subfebrile, sometimes up to 39 ° C
Headache
Muscle and joint pain	Expressed	Not typical	Moderate	Not typical	Not typical	Not typical
	Nasal congestion, nasal breathing difficulties	Mild nasal congestion, moderate serous discharge	Nasal breathing is severely difficult, profuse muco-serous discharge	Difficulty or absent nasal breathing, profuse serous discharge	Moderate serous discharge	Abundant serous discharge
Throat with ARVI	Severe extensive redness	Moderate redness of the oropharynx	Redness of the pharynx and tonsils, possible plaque	Changes are not typical	Moderate redness of the throat	Changes are not typical
	Anguished dry, chest pain	Rough "barking"		Coughing	Rarely coughing	Spastic
Respiratory tract damage		Laryngitis	Nasopharyngitis, possibly tonsillitis, conjunctivitis		Nasopharyngitis	Bronchiolitis

Features of the course of ARVI in different population groups

1. ARVI in childrendiffers in the severity of intoxication, the severity of the course and the height of the temperature. Complications such as obstructive bronchitis, respiratory failure, especially when SARS in babies... Young children are more susceptible to MS infection and reovirus.
2. ARVI in pregnant womencan lead to intrauterine damage, in connection with which congenital ARVI is released. The most common are congenital influenza and adenovirus infection, much less often - parainfluenza, RS viral and reovirus infections. Besides ARVI during pregnancyleads to a disturbance in the blood supply system "mother-placenta-fetus", which is dangerous with hypoxia (insufficient oxygen supply) in the child.
3. SARS in the elderly and the elderly occurs due to a weak immune system. More often complications such as sinusitis, sinusitis, frontal sinusitis with a sluggish course occur, which complicates their timely identification.

The main complications of ARVI are:

1. The defeat of the respiratory system (stenosing laryngotracheitis, obstructive bronchitis, pneumonia, sinusitis, sinusitis).
2. Diseases of the brain (encephalitis, encephalomeningitis, meningitis)
3. Accession of a bacterial infection (pneumonia, sinusitis, otitis media, cystitis, pyelitis, etc.) - in this case, antibiotic therapy is indicated.
4. Aggravation chronic diseases (bronchial asthma, chronic pyelonephritis, polyarthritis, etc.).

ARVI prevention

The prevention system depends on the type of pathogen, age and stage of the procedure (seasonal, emergency). In addition, there is non-specific and specific prevention.

Non-specific prevention same for all shapes ARVI: and for flu, and for parainfluenza, and adenovirus infection, etc. It includes:

• isolation of the sick;
• regular ventilation;
• wet cleaning with soap-alkaline solutions;
• quartzing;
• multivitamins, which must contain ascorbic acid and B vitamins;
• eating food and
• the use of herbal remedies that increase adaptation and immunity (tincture of ginseng, eleutherococcus, echinacea preparations, "Immunal") - BY THE DOCTOR'S APPOINTMENT;
• hardening procedures;
• wearing four-layer gauze masks.

Disease symptoms	Type of ARI (ARVI)
	Flu	Parainfluenza	MS infection	Adenovirus infection
Onset of the disease	Acute, sudden, severe			Acute, gradual
Temperature	High up to 39-40? С	Low or normal	Not higher than 38? C
Temperature duration				5-10 days, undulating
General intoxication of the body	Severe, possible neurotoxicosis	Unexpressed or absent	Weakly expressed	Moderately expressed, growing gradually
Cough	Dry, chest pain	Dry, barking, hoarseness	Dry, marked difficulty in breathing	Growing moist cough
Respiratory tract damage	Runny nose (unexpressed) laryngitis, tracheitis	Severe runny nose croup (difficulty breathing)	Bronchitis, bronchiolitis, bronchial blockage	Conjunctivitis, severe runny nose, pharyngitis, angina, pneumonia
Swollen lymph nodes	Only if there are complications	Unspoken	Unspoken	Obviously, the cervical lymph nodes are dramatically enlarged, possibly enlarged liver and spleen
Course and risk of disease	Clouding of consciousness, the development of hemorrhagic pneumonia, hemorrhages in internal organs, nosebleeds, myocarditis, damage to peripheral nerves, etc.	Croup may develop (severe constriction of the larynx), especially dangerous in children (can lead to suffocation)	Development of blockage of the bronchi, often bronchopneumonia, or exacerbation bronchial asthma	Development of sore throat, pain when swallowing, severe enlargement of lymph nodes

Non-specific prevention of ARVI in children provides for constant monitoring of body temperature and examination of the mucous membranes of the mouth and nose. First of all, this applies to all children who attend preschool and school institutions during the SARS epidemic.

Emergency prevention of ARVI and influenza in the focus of the disease is carried out for 2-3 weeks with the use of certain drugs. These include human leukocyte interferon, nasoferon, laferobion and other drugs that can be dripped into the nose or used in the form of suppositories. The choice of the drug and dosage is made by the doctor, since it depends on the type of infection. In addition, rimantadine, dibazol can be used, as well as lubricate the nasal mucosa with oxolinic ointment twice a day.

Active immunization is carried out using influenza vaccines ("Vaxigripp", "Fluarix", etc.).

How to cure ARVI

Tactics ARVI treatmentdepends on the form of the disease (type of pathogen), signs of the disease and the severity of its course.

1. Mode.
2. Reducing intoxication.
3. Impact on the pathogen - use antiviral agents with ARVI.
4. Elimination of the main manifestations - runny nose, sore throat, cough.

ARVI treatmentcan be held at home.The patient is assigned to bed rest in a well-ventilated separate room. In the case of severe and complicated forms, hospitalization in a medical institution is indicated.

To reduce intoxication as a result of the vital activity of viruses, the patient is shown an abundant warm drink. The volume of liquid drunk should be at least 2 liters for adults, and about 1-1.5 liters for children, depending on the age and weight of the child. It is better to use tea with lemon, herbal and rosehip infusions, cranberry and lingonberry fruit drinks, compotes (not juices!), Still mineral water.

Food and drink should be fractional, small amounts. Food should be warm, chopped, easily digestible - in the form of mashed potatoes, liquid soups, broths, mainly dairy-vegetable, rich in vitamins. Table salt is limited.

The main drugs for ARVIare:

1. Anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal drugs - reduce temperature, relieve headache and muscle pain, have anti-inflammatory effect. This group of drugs includes "Paracetamol", "Ibuprofen", "Diclofenac", which can be used separately as aRVI tablets, and as a part of complex soluble powders such as "Fervex", "Coldrex", "Teraflu" and others. However, they should not be consumed at temperatures up to 38 ° C, as it is possible to “prevent” the body from fighting a viral infection on its own.
2. Antiviral drugs for ARVI- the main component of treatment aimed at neutralizing the causative agent of the disease.
3. Mandatory is aRVI treatment with drugs interferon or contributing to its production (cycloferon, kagocel, amiksin). They reduce the sensitivity of body cells to viruses.
4. As aRVI remediesantihistamines are also used, which reduce inflammation, reduce swelling, nasal congestion, and also have an antiallergic effect. These are "Claritin" ("Loratadin"), "Fenkarol", "Fenistil".
5. The so-called symptomatic remedies treatment of influenza and ARVIfrom a runny nose. The choice of the drug depends on the severity of the catarrhal-respiratory syndrome - there may be nasal congestion, or there may be a strong mucus separation. Shown use vasoconstrictor drugs (naphthyzin, galazolin, rinnazolin), rinsing the nose and moisturizing its mucous membranes (Humer, Aquamaris).
6. Medicines for ARVIwhen coughing. It can be dry - then tusuprex, paxeladine are used, and maybe with sputum - ambroxol, bromhexine, acetylcysteine. In each case, the drugs are fundamentally different in their action. Also use expectorant mixtures with marshmallow root, medicinal preparations in the form of infusions and decoctions of herbs (tricolor violets, coltsfoot, etc.).
7. Home treatments are also used (if the body temperature does not exceed 37.5 ° C) - mustard plasters, hot foot baths, warm wraps chest.
8. In the treatment of ARVI in childrenspecial attention is paid to the method of reducing the temperature. So, if the temperature is above 38.5 ° C, the body is cooled in a physical way: you need to undress and easily cover the child, apply a cold (ice bubble) to the head, axillary and groin areas, wipe the skin with a water-alcohol solution or vodka.
9. Antibiotics for ARVI is prescribed only for complications by bacterial infections, as well as for patients with chronic infectious diseases and children with severe forms of influenza.
10. In the fight against ARVIvitamins are needed - ascorbic acid, rutin (ascorutin), B vitamins (thiamine, riboflavin). They increase immunity, reduce the body's sensitivity to the effects of a viral infection, and strengthen the walls of blood vessels.

It is best to define how to treat ARVIthe doctor can. Therefore, if the first ARVI symptomsit is necessary to call a local therapist or pediatrician.

Main manifestations:

• Temperature
• Runny nose
• Cough
• Sore throat
• Headache

ARVI prevention

First of all, it is important to prevent pathogenic viruses from getting on the mucous membranes of the nose, eyes or mouth. To do this, it is necessary to limit contact with sick people, especially in the first 3 days of the disease. In addition, it must be remembered that viruses can linger for some time on the personal hygiene items of a sick person, as well as on various surfaces in the room where he is. Therefore, it is important to wash your hands after touching objects that may contain viruses. You should also not touch your nose, eyes, mouth with dirty hands.

It should be noted that soap certainly does not kill disease-causing viruses. Washing hands with soap and water causes the mechanical removal of microorganisms from the hands, which is sufficient. As for the various hand sanitizing lotions, there is no convincing evidence that the substances they contain are harmful to viruses. Therefore, the use of such lotions for the prevention of colds is not at all justified.

In addition, the risk of catching directly depends on the immunity, i.e. the body's resistance to infections. To maintain normal immunity, you must:

• Eat correctly and fully: food should contain a sufficient amount of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, as well as vitamins. In the autumn-spring period, when the amount of vegetables and fruits in the diet decreases, an additional intake of a complex of vitamins is possible.
• Exercise regularly, preferably outdoors, including brisk walking.
• Be sure to follow the rest regime. Adequate rest and adequate sleep are extremely important aspects for maintaining normal immunity.
• Avoid stress.

Smoking is a powerful immune-lowering factor that has a negative effect on both overall resistance infectious diseasesand on the local protective barrier - in the mucous membrane of the nose, trachea, bronchi.

ARVI treatment

Treatment consists not so much in taking medication as in keeping to bed, drinking plenty of fluids, regularly gargling and rinsing the nose. If you are trying to treat ARVI by knocking down the temperature with steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, dripping vasoconstrictors into the nose, you only remove the symptoms that indicate that your body is sick. Treat the disease according to the guidelines below.

Mode

The regimen should be kept calm, half-bed. The room must be regularly ventilated.

A plentiful warm drink is recommended (at least 2 liters per day), better - rich in vitamin C: tea with lemon, rosehip infusion, fruit drink. Drinking a large amount of liquid daily, a sick person detoxifies, i.e. accelerated elimination of toxins from the body that are formed as a result of the vital activity of viruses.

ARVI drugs

• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: "Paracetamol", "Ibuprofen", "Diclofenac". These drugs have anti-inflammatory effects, lower body temperature, and relieve pain. It is possible to take these drugs as part of medicinal powders such as Coldrex, Theraflu, etc. It should be remembered that it is not worth lowering the temperature below 38 ° C, since it is at this body temperature that the body's defense mechanisms against infection are activated. Exceptions are patients prone to seizures and small children.
• Antihistamines are medicinesthat are used to treat allergies. They have a powerful anti-inflammatory effect, therefore they reduce all signs of inflammation: nasal congestion, swelling of the mucous membranes. The drugs of the first generation of this group - "Diphenhydramine", "Suprastin", "Tavegil" - possess side effect: cause drowsiness. The second generation drugs - "Loratadin" ("Claritin"), "Fenistil", "Semprex", "Zirtek" do not have this effect.
• Nasal drops. Vasoconstrictor nasal drops reduce swelling and relieve congestion. However, it is not as safe as it might seem. On the one hand, drops should be used during illness to reduce swelling and improve fluid drainage from the sinuses to prevent development. However, frequent and prolonged use of vasoconstrictor drops is dangerous with the risk of developing chronic. Uncontrolled intake of drugs causes a significant thickening of the nasal mucosa, which leads to dependence on drops, and then to permanent nasal congestion. Treatment for this complication is only surgical. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly observe the regime of using drops: no longer than 5-7 days, no more than 2-3 times a day.
• Sore throat treatment. The most effective remedy (it is the most disliked by many) - this is gargling with disinfectant solutions. You can use infusions of sage, chamomile, and ready-made solutions such as "Furacilin". Rinsing should be frequent - once every 2 hours. In addition, you can use disinfecting sprays: "Hexoral", "Bioparox", etc.
• Cough medicines. The goal of cough treatment is to reduce the viscosity of the phlegm, make it thinner and easier to cough up. Drinking regime is important for this - warm drink dilutes phlegm. If you have difficulties with coughing, you can take expectorant drugs, such as "ACC", "Mukaltin", "Bronholitin", etc. Do not take drugs that suppress the cough reflex on your own, without consulting a doctor - it can be dangerous.

Antibiotics are completely powerless against viruses, they are used only when bacterial complications... Therefore, you should not use antibiotics without a doctor's prescription, no matter how much you want. These are drugs that are unsafe for the body. In addition, the uncontrolled intake of antibiotics leads to the formation of forms of bacteria resistant to them.

Complications of ARVI

1. Acute sinusitis. During illness, the body is weakened and more susceptible to other types of infection, including bacterial. A common complication is bacterial sinusitis, an inflammation of the sinuses of the nose, namely sphenoiditis. Suspect that the flow the disease was complicated by the development of sinusitis, it is possible if the symptoms of the disease do not go away within 7-10 days: nasal congestion remains, heaviness in the head, elevated temperature... If untreated, acute sinusitis easily turns into a chronic form of the disease, which is much more difficult to treat. It is necessary to understand that only a doctor can diagnose acute sinusitis, let alone prescribe treatment.
2. Sharp. Such an unpleasant complication of colds, like inflammation of the middle ear, is familiar to many. It is difficult to miss and not notice it. However, it is extremely important not to start acute otitis media and consult a doctor in time to prescribe adequate treatment. An infection in the middle ear is fraught with serious complications.
3. Sharp. A bacterial infection can also affect the bronchi. Acute bronchitis is manifested by a cough, often with yellow or green sputum. It should be noted that people with chronic upper respiratory tract diseases ( chronic bronchitis,) are prone to the development of exacerbations of these diseases during and after orv and.
4. (or pneumonia). Perhaps one of the most formidable complications. The diagnosis is made on the basis of a comprehensive examination, however, if with a common cold there is no improvement within 7-10 days, a high temperature persists, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Causes of ARVI

Respiratory viruses live and multiply in the cells of the nasal mucosa and are excreted in large quantities along with the nasal secretions of a sick person. The highest concentration of viruses in the nasal discharge occurs during the first three days of the disease. In addition, viruses are released into the environment by coughing and sneezing. After that, the viruses settle on various surfaces, remain on the hands of a sick person, and also remain on towels, handkerchiefs and other hygiene items. A healthy person can become infected by inhalation of air containing a large amount of viruses, as well as when using hygiene items for a patient - viruses are transmitted through the hands to the mucous membrane of the nose or eyes.

Risk factors

Everyone knows about the clear seasonality of this group of diseases. This high prevalence in the autumn-spring, as well as winter months is associated with hypothermia, which is more conducive to the development of these diseases. The most susceptible are people with reduced immunity: these are children, the elderly, as well as people suffering from any congenital or acquired immunodeficiency.

Causes of ARVI in children

The newborn receives temporary immunity to respiratory viruses from the mother. However, by 6 months of age, this immunity weakens, while the child's own immunity has not yet been fully formed. At this time, the child is most susceptible to colds.

It must be remembered that small children lack personal hygiene skills such as washing their hands, covering their mouths when sneezing and coughing. In addition, children often touch their noses, eyes and mouth with their hands.

The drainage system for removing secretions from the ears and nasal sinuses in children is not sufficiently developed, which contributes to the development of bacterial complications of colds (sinusitis, otitis media). In addition, the child's trachea and bronchi are also much smaller in diameter than in adults, so children have a tendency to obstruction (blockage) of the airways with abundant secretions or edematous mucosa.

Everyone remembers the medical joke: a cold, if treated, goes away in seven days. And if not treated, then in a week. But if the child has been sniffing and coughing for several weeks, it is worth worrying. Viruses that cause acute respiratory infections and acute respiratory viral infections are dangerous because they leave "marks" in the body that attract pathogens. The child's immunity, weakened by a cold, is unable to repel more and more infectious attacks - hence the complications. What is behind the words ARI and ARVI? Both diseases are caused by viruses transmitted by airborne droplets. They are accompanied by an increase in temperature (possibly even up to 40 degrees), headache and muscle pain, aching joints, decreased activity, fatigue, runny nose, cough and lack of appetite. If these symptoms do not disappear within a few weeks, doctors state: the disease gave complications.

Why do complications arise?

The first reason for trouble - the wrong approach to the treatment of the disease. A child during illness should not go to school, he is prescribed bed rest.
All medical measures should be prescribed by a doctor. Parents should never give the student a pill on their own.
Second cause of complications - weakened immunity. The child's body becomes vulnerable to different groups of bacteria and viruses. If during this period the student suffers stress, gets overcooled, or gets too tired, malaise will not keep you waiting.

How to understand that the disease has not gone away, but stuck for a long time? First of all, a headache should alert you. If a child complains of constant pressure in the forehead, urgently consult an otolaryngologist. It is necessary to make an X-ray frontal and maxillary sinuses to exclude frontal sinusitis or sinusitis.

Pain can also appear in bright light or when pressing on the eyeballs. I would like to close my eyes, to be in the dark. The temperature is kept at 37.1-37.5 and does not fall even when taking antipyretics. The child has convulsions lethargy, hallucinations - this means that the virus has entered the central nervous system, and you urgently need to seek help to a neuropathologist.

The most common complications after acute respiratory viral infections - this is pneumonia, bronchitis, tracheitis, otitis media, pyelonephritis, subfebrile condition (high temperature for a long time). A few words must be said about each of these diagnoses.

Bronchitis
Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchi. The causative agent of the disease is respiratory viruses, as well as mycoplasma and chlamydia. The main symptom of bronchitis is coughing. At first it is dry and unproductive, then phlegm appears. The cough occurs against the background of a temperature of 37.1-37.5.
Bronchitis can also be accompanied by cervical lymphadenitis (inflammation of the lymph nodes). The little patient is shown bed rest and inhalation. At a normal temperature and a strong productive cough, a chest massage is necessary for better sputum discharge.

Pneumonia
Inflammation of the lungs (pneumonia) can start suddenly. During acute respiratory viral infections, against a background of high temperature, the child develops pain in the chest area, coughing up sputum (sputum can be rusty in color with streaks of blood), shortness of breath, pain on inspiration. On auscultation, the doctor hears wheezing in the lungs. Pain can also occur in the abdomen with persistent coughing when the muscles of the abdominal wall are irritated. The student complains of weakness, loss of appetite, sometimes clouding of consciousness occurs. It is necessary to make an X-ray of the child's chest organs and contact the pulmonologist for the appointment of antibiotic therapy. The student is also shown breathing exercises and chest massage.

Laryngitis
This is an inflammation of the vocal cords and larynx. Swelling of the laryngeal mucosa leads to the appearance barking cough (false croup). The child is noisy and difficult to breathe, suffers from a hypoxic state, when enough oxygen is not supplied to the body. His head is spinning, shortness of breath appears.
At the first sign of false croup it is necessary to call an ambulance. At home, an attack can be relieved with hot alkaline inhalation and a foot bath. Encourage your child to talk less. The pediatrician will prescribe to the patient physiotherapy and dry hot compresses on the neck.

Sinusitis
The first signs of sinusitis - inflammation of the sinuses of the nose, except for shortness of breath, are pressing headaches, swelling of the eyelids, cheeks, nasal nasal, purulent discharge. The occurrence of this complication is possible some time after the postponed respiratory illness.
Treatment can be done at home folk remedies: apply salt, buckwheat or a boiled hot egg to your nose. If the condition does not improve after three days, contact your pediatrician. Perhaps, it will not be possible to do without antibiotic therapy. In this case, it is desirable to combine it with physiotherapy.

Otitis
Usually, middle ear inflammation develops a few days after respiratory infection and manifests itself in shooting, throbbing pain. With otitis media, the child's temperature rises, appetite disappears, and in some cases, hearing. When the tympanic membrane is perforated, suppuration begins and an urgent need to consult a pediatrician, because there is a danger of meningitis. Antibiotic treatment is necessary in this case.

Subfebrile condition
This is a condition in which the body temperature for several days or even weeks after suffering ARVI is kept at around 37.1-37.5. As a rule, this happens if infections such as mycoplasma or chlamydia join the ARVI. The child's condition may be satisfactory, but weakness, fatigue, and decreased appetite are also possible. Usually, the temperature decreases in the evening, that is, in a calm state, and rises with physical exertion. This condition is very exhausting for the child. It is necessary to find out whether mycoplasma and are really the cause of subfebrile condition. To do this, you need to take a blood test for these types of bacteria. If the diagnosis is confirmed, the child will have to undergo antibiotic therapy. If not, the pediatrician will have to find a focus of chronic infection in the child's body (sinusitis, tonsillitis, catarrhal otitis media, lymphadenitis), which gives such a complication.

Pyelonephritis
This infectious-inflammatory kidney disease can be caused by both bacteria and viruses. Mixed flora is also possible. The main complaints in pyelonephritis are pain in the lower back, sometimes in the abdomen, headache, temperature 37.0-37.9. If protein is detected in numbers greater than 0.140 g / l (acceptable value), the child must be hospitalized in a hospital. The student will be prescribed bed rest and a salt-restricted diet. Children with pyelonephritis are registered at the clinic and a urine sample is taken every two weeks for three months.

Take care of your children, avoid complications. Do whatever you can to help them take the cold easily. Remember, during the child's illness, the doctor must visit him several times, even if the patient has only fever and rhinitis.

Tatiana Semenchenya, doctor of the Independent Laboratory INVITRO

A common cause of interstitial pneumonia in children in the first year of life.

The severity of the disease and the basic treatment of ARVI

Mild forms of the disease occur with subfebrile temperature, moderate disturbance of the general condition, pronounced catarrhal symptoms, and rapid positive dynamics. Inflammatory changes in the analyzes are moderately expressed. The disease does not cause complications and is not accompanied by the addition of a bacterial component.
Treatment, as a rule, is symptomatic, including the intake of high doses of vitamin C up to two grams per day, antipyretic drugs, antitussives (for dry cough, Bromhexin, Omnitus are used, with a wet cough - Ambroxol, Ascoril). In case of severe swelling of the nasal mucosa, use vasoconstrictor drops (Nazol, Sanorin, Aquamaris, Nazivin, Rinorus). Bed rest and abundant warm drinks (two or more liters per day) are recommended.
Temperatures up to 38 0 С do not require hibernation. The general condition, as a rule, begins to improve on the third day.
The disease of moderate severity proceeds with high fever up to 40 ° C, chills, accompanied by a pronounced violation of the general condition, headache, weakness, aching muscles and joints, loss of appetite,
An increase in skin sensitivity, a negative reaction to light and sound stimuli may join. If such symptoms develop, it is necessary to carry out differential diagnosis with meningitis (vomiting, severe headache, photophobia, stiffness of the muscles of the back of the head, "pose of a cop dog" - on the side with the head thrown back and legs brought to the stomach).
Blood pressure is slightly reduced, tachycardia joins. A sharp increase in heart rate (less often, severe bradyarrhythmia below 50 beats / min) against a background of severe hypotension may indicate the development of myocarditis and requires immediate hospitalization and consultation with a cardiologist.
The respiratory rate may be slightly increased. Shortness of breath is usually absent. In children of the first years of life, DN1 degree can be observed.
Treatment consists in eliminating pathological symptoms, relieving intoxication symptoms and prescribing antiviral therapy: Arbidol, Groprinosin (it is important to remember that these drugs are not prescribed later than the third day from the onset of the disease). It is possible to use interferons (Interferon alpha, Anaferon). Vitamin therapy is indicated to increase the natural resistance of the body and accelerate recovery. For symptoms of post-infectious cardiopathy, cardiotrophic therapy (riboxin, levocarnitine preparations, omega-3) is recommended.
If the temperature rises with severe headache and joint aches, the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (Nise, Nimesulide, Nimesil) is recommended.
Severe forms of the disease are accompanied by fever above 40 0 \u200b\u200bC, severe intoxication, severe respiratory failure, tachycardia, confusion, delirium. Meningeal signs and focal neurological symptoms appear. Blood pressure is sharply reduced. With flu, bleeding may appear, up to DIC - syndrome. It is treated in an intensive care unit, due to a large number of complications and a high mortality rate.

The main complications of ARVI

Acute bronchitis

It is accompanied by low-grade fever, frequent cough (at first dry, then wet, productive). Possible nasal congestion with discharge of transparent mucous discharge. Conjunctivitis is uncommon. The general condition is impaired, appetite is reduced, nausea is possible, rarely vomiting (as a rule, in children younger ageafter coughing heavily). Viral changes in blood tests. There are no infiltrative changes on the chest x-ray; vascular and basal pattern may increase. The shadow of the heart is not expanded.
On auscultation of the lungs, fine-bubbling and medium-bubbly rales are heard.
An acute illness lasts from one to three weeks. Long-term persistence of persistent, refractory cough and subfebrile fever is evidence in favor of mycoplasma or chlamydial etiology.

Pneumonia: temperature in case of complication above 38º

Clinical symptoms depend on the severity. However, the common ones will be:

• acute onset;
• severe intoxication symptoms;
• temperature above 38 0 С, chills, weakness, dyspeptic disorders;
• high leukocytosis, ESR, C-reactive protein in the analyzes;
• on the roentgenogram, infiltrative changes are revealed;
• characterized by: dullness of percussion sound, weakening of breathing and the presence of wheezing (crepitant, fine and medium vesicular);

Against the background of early, adequate antibiotic therapy, the temperature lasts no more than two days. If the patient continues to have a fever, the drug is changed.

Sinusitis

• Sinusitis.

The disease is accompanied by fever (from 38.5 ° C), severe headaches, aggravated by turning and tilting the head and radiating to the teeth. Characterized by a viscous, purulent discharge from the nasal passages, a decrease or complete absence of smell.

However, a moderate short-term fever is not always observed with ARVI. For example, with flu, which also refers to ARVI, almost always the temperature in adults and children rises to high levels - 39 degrees and above. Other types of ARVI in adults with normal immunity rarely cause fever - thermometry values \u200b\u200brarely reach 38 degrees.

At the same time, the temperature in children with ARVI often exceeds 38 degrees. This is due to the immaturity of the immune system. This is the first time a child encounters most viruses, which is why the body reacts to them so actively.

Reovirus and rhinovirus infections can occur in children without fever. They are accompanied only by local symptoms - runny nose, conjunctivitis, etc.

Thus, the thermometry indicators for viral infections depend on the following factors:

• the patient's age;
• the state of his immune system;
• type and strain of a specific pathogen virus.

Reasons for the rise in temperature

Why is there a high temperature with ARVI? Fever is a protective reaction of the body to intoxication caused by the activity of the virus. The following positive effects of increased temperature can be distinguished:

Thus, the stronger the toxic effect of the virus, the stronger the fever.

A particularly strong toxic effect is observed when infected with influenza, and in children - also with respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza. It is noteworthy that if there are antibodies to this virus in the blood (a person has already had this infection), the body temperature either does not rise at all, or rises slightly.

The beneficial effects of fever apply when the body temperature does not exceed 39 degrees. With such indicators, a person may experience a strong headache, and the work of the liver, brain and heart can be disrupted. The main danger with prolonged severe fever is dehydration.

How long does the heat last?

Usually, the acute period of ARVI, accompanied by fever, headache and muscle pain and other symptoms of intoxication, lasts no more than 5 days, more often 2-3 days. Some ARVIs, such as rhinovirus infection, proceed without fever at all.

However, there are variants of prolonged viral hyperthermia. So, the fever lasts for a long time with these types of ARVI:

• with flu, a high temperature can last for 5 days, but the temperature peak is observed on the first day of illness;
• with ARVI caused by adenovirus, the temperature may not subside for a week;
• fever with parainfluenza also lasts for a long time - 7-14 days, while the peak of thermometry is observed on the 4-5th day of illness;
• in children, a prolonged fever can also be provoked by a respiratory syncytial virus that causes inflammation of the lower respiratory tract (bronchitis, etc.).

In the above cases, thermometry indicators are moderately high, rarely reaching 38 degrees.

If, with ARVI, an adult or child has a temperature of 39 degrees for more than three days, it is necessary to make sure that a bacterial infection has not begun to develop against the background of a viral infection.

Bacterial complications often develop on days 4-5 of a cold. The most common of them are sinusitis (inflammation of the sinuses), bronchitis, pneumonia (inflammation of the lungs), tonsillitis (acute tonsillitis - a bacterial lesion of the tonsils). The kidneys, joints, heart, brain and spinal cord can also be affected.

When should you bring down the fever?

With ARVI, the temperature has reached 38 degrees - what to do? Do not rush to grab onto antipyretic drugs - remember that this will prevent the body from fighting the virus. At 38 C, only dehydration threatens the body, therefore, fluid losses should be replenished - drink teas, compotes, clean water. You should not wrap up too much with a fever.

Doctors say that it is necessary to bring down the temperature (both with ARVI and any other diseases) from 39 degrees. The exception is children under 3 months old, as well as people suffering from diseases of the heart, kidneys and nervous system. Their intake of antipyretics is justified when they reach 38.5 C.

It is not only unnecessary to bring the temperature down to 38 C, but it is also harmful!

It has been proven that uncontrolled intake of antipyretics for colds increases the risk of complications. This is not surprising given the bacteriostatic effect of fever.

Help with fever

ARVI with high temperature in a child and an adult requires treatment and careful patient care. Antipyretics and their dose should be selected based on the patient's age, weight, temperature level. For children, paracetamol and ibuprofen are best. Analgin and aspirin are prohibited for use by children in many progressive countries, but we continue to use them. Their reception can be justified only if it is impossible to bring down the heat in other ways. They need to be taken only as directed by a doctor.

Drink a lot if you have a fever. If the patient refuses food, it is not necessary to force him - this may result in vomiting. Keep the air in the patient's room fresh and clean, change him into clean clothes if he sweats.

In the acute period of acute respiratory viral infections, adults should also stay at home, keep bed rest. Take a sick leave for several days. ARVI "on the legs" is a direct path to the development of complications and chronic diseases. In addition, a person with an acute cold infects others.

Temperature tail

There is such a thing as “temperature tail after ARVI”. This is the name of the phenomenon in which a person who has suffered a severe form colds, for some time after recovery keeps subfebrile temperature... A temperature of 37 C after SARS in most cases should not be scary. To exclude the development of hidden complications, a blood and urine test should be taken. If infectious processes continue in the body, this will affect the number of leukocytes, ESR and other indicators. If everything is okay, there is no need to worry.

Some doctors believe that the temperature after ARVI does not drop in people with weakened immunity. They recommend that such people lead a healthy lifestyle - eat well, take vitamins, and temper the body.