Ulcerative stomatitis in children. Ulcerative stomatitis: treatment and symptoms

• The causes of ulcerative stomatitis
• Ulcerative stomatitis symptoms
• Diagnostics of the ulcerative stomatitis
• Ulcerative stomatitis treatment
• Prevention of ulcerative stomatitis

Ulcerative stomatitis is a fairly common disease of an infectious and inflammatory nature that affects the mucous surface. oral cavity... This disease in medicine is also known as Vincent's stomatitis, and it is widespread among both adults and children. This stomatitis is characterized by the appearance in the oral cavity of a significant number of small ulcers that cause pain.

The causes of ulcerative stomatitis

In frequent cases, this disease is a result, the treatment of which has not been given due attention. Ulcerative stomatitis can also be caused by a decrease in immunity due to infectious diseases.

A huge role in the onset of the disease is also attributed to exacerbations of diseases of the blood, endocrine system and gastrointestinal tract. First of all, this applies to stomach or duodenal ulcers and chronic enteritis.

There are also external causes of ulcerative stomatitis, the primacy among which is attributed to the nature of nutrition and non-compliance, which is accompanied by the presence of abundant plaque and calculus on the teeth, dysbiosis.

You need to be careful about the selection of toothpaste. So, a paste with sodium lauryl sulfate in the composition provokes excessive drying out of the oral mucosa. As a result, the sensitivity to various harmful microorganisms increases.

The disease can also be triggered by disorders of normal metabolism, hormonal fluctuations, various injuries of the oral mucosa, which can be caused during dental interventions, disorders of the nervous system, the development of malignant tumors, anemia, food and chemical poisoning, allergies.

When diagnosing ulcerative stomatitis in children, a definite relationship was found with the presence of such abnormalities as leukemia, diseases of the stomach and intestines.

Hypo- and avitaminosis can also create fertile ground for the onset of the disease. To a greater extent, this concerns the lack of vitamins P, C, B, therefore, a jump in the number of cases of the disease is noted in the spring season, which is characterized by a decrease in the reserves of important vitamins in the body.

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Ulcerative stomatitis symptoms

The first symptoms of ulcerative stomatitis are similar to the signs of the catarrhal form of the disease, which is characterized by the occurrence of puffiness, burning sensation in the gum area, and redness. A few days later, rounded ulcers form, which give off a white-gray bloom. Significant soreness is inherent, which manifests itself most acutely during speech reproduction or eating.

Patients complain of deterioration, with the occurrence subfebrile temperature, accompanied by signs of general malaise, halitosis, hypersalivation.

Ulcerative necrotizing stomatitis is diagnosed with more severe lesions of the oral mucosa, which are accompanied by a rapid pace of development of inflammation with necrotic changes. Ulcerative wounds can spread to the area of \u200b\u200bthe tongue and palate, merging and penetrating into deep tissues. Vast deep foci are formed.

With ulcerative stomatitis, patients have a characteristic clay odor emanating from the mouth. The saliva secretions acquire a viscous consistency, characterized by stench, and it is also filled with blood impurities due to bleeding of the oral mucosa.

Sometimes the patient may be bothered by itching or severe pain in the gums, a feeling of dryness in the mouth.

In rare advanced cases of the disease, necrotic processes penetrate to the bone periosteum. In this case, the disease can be complicated by jaw osteomyelitis.

The duration of the course of the acute form of the disease reaches about two weeks. During this period, the patient complains of a burning sensation in the mouth, frequent headaches, loss of appetite, sleep disturbances and the onset of anxiety.

In the absence of the necessary treatment, stomatitis can acquire signs of a chronic form of the disease or manifest itself in the form of serious complications, represented by rhinitis, otitis media, pleurisy, endocarditis.

Quite rare ulcerative stomatitis can cause significant tooth loss.

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Diagnostics of the ulcerative stomatitis

To diagnose the disease, you should contact a dentist who will carefully examine the patient's complaints and perform a visual examination of his oral cavity.

In the process of dental research, hygienic indices, localization and characteristics of existing ulcers are assessed; identification of local factors that have an irritating effect.

To accurately determine the nature of the disease, a significant role is assigned to cytological, microbiological and PCR research of scraping from the oral mucosa.

As already noted, the symptoms of ulcerative stomatitis are similar to those of other diseases, which greatly complicates the process of making the correct diagnosis. Therefore, in many cases, the results of a biochemical blood test, determination of blood sugar and study of the immune status may be needed.

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Ulcerative stomatitis treatment

In the process of treating ulcerative stomatitis, an important role is assigned not only to the relief of existing symptoms, but also to the elimination of the root cause of the development of the disease.

So, with a mild form of the disease, only local treatment can be used. The patient needs to adhere to some nutritional rules, giving preference to gentle and non-irritating food, abundant drinking.

The specialist performs professional oral hygiene, removes tartar and existing plaque, grinds sharp dental edges. Next, the oral cavity is irrigated using a low-percentage warm solution of hydrogen peroxide with furacilin, potassium permanganate and herbal decoction.

Cleaning of ulcerative surfaces and removal of necrotic masses is carried out. For these purposes, proteolytic enzymes are used. To accelerate the recovery processes in the affected tissues, regenerating ointments, sea buckthorn oil are prescribed.

For the treatment of more severe cases, general detoxification and antibacterial therapy, antihistamines and multivitamins are prescribed.

The patient can also be prescribed a number of physiotherapy procedures. For the subsiding sharp inflammatory processes followed by sanitation of the oral cavity, dental treatment for existing caries.

An important role in the treatment of ulcerative stomatitis is played by the appointment of drugs aimed at increasing immunity.

The duration of the course of treatment directly depends on the timeliness of the patient's request for help from specialists.

In case of diagnosis of a disease on early stages, the treatment can be about a week. The chronic form of the disease is more difficult to treat and in some cases it can take about a year.

The treatment will be described a little later, but first, let's figure out what this unpleasant disease is and why does it appear? Aphthous stomatitis affects 20% of people different ages and status, it appears mainly in women. In medicine, it is also called aphtoid or gangrenous ulcers. The rash usually appears in the mouth: on the tongue, inner cheeks, throat, and at the base of the gums. They can reach 10 mm in diameter and cause a lot of inconvenience to a person. After treatment, small scars may remain, which will fade over time. Sores in the throat heal for two or more weeks. Even after the therapy, relapses are observed several times a year.

Main reasons

It should be noted that aphthous stomatitis (sores in the mouth) is not caused by viruses and bacteria. Treatment is based on eliminating the main symptoms and removing pain... Gargles and ointments are prescribed, which cause numbness. We will talk about therapy a little later. Let's move on to the reasons. One of them is food allergies. Scientists also suggest that this phenomenon often appears against the background of reduced immunity. In more than half of patients, it is associated with a lack of vitamin B12, iron and folic acid. About 5% of people develop the disease due to gastrointestinal problems. Also, metal braces, oral injuries, and hard toothbrushes can cause mouth ulcers. Treatment should begin after the cause is known.

How to remove?

First of all, you need to change your toothbrush, give up sharp and acidic foods. You should carefully look at the composition of the toothpaste or powder. If they contain sodium lauryl sulfate (a substance that irritates the mucous membrane), then immediately get rid of these funds. According to experts, this is often the problem. To eliminate ulcers, you need to use anti-inflammatory ointments or gels, which are applied to the damaged surface several times a day. Medicines are prescribed by a dentist or therapist. With significant rashes and high temperature a doctor may prescribe antibiotics.

How to treat mouth ulcers (aphthous stomatitis)?

Rinsing helps well, for example, with a suspension of diphenhydramine. In severe forms, steroid drugs with anti-inflammatory effects are prescribed. These remedies help speed up wound healing and prevent bacterial infections. In addition, pain relievers may be prescribed to patients to relieve discomfort. It is necessary to take vitamins of group B and C. If the disease is caused by candidiasis, then antifungal agents are used. With the right therapy, mouth ulcers quickly disappear. Treatment is carried out under the strict supervision of a physician. For prevention, lysine is used, it can be taken without a doctor's prescription. It is necessary to adhere to a sparing diet, include low-fat foods, liquid cereals and fresh vegetables in the menu.

Problems in the oral cavity periodically occur in every person, often they are associated with the teeth themselves, but lesions of the mucous membrane and gums are not uncommon. One of the most common diseases of this type is ulcerative stomatitis, which is accompanied by the appearance of mucosal lesions. In order to cope with the problem, it is important to understand the mechanisms of its occurrence and distinguish it from other forms of stomatitis.

Ulcerative stomatitis: the essence of the problem

Ulcerative stomatitis is a process of formation of ulcerative lesions on the oral mucosa against the background of a local inflammatory process. With this disease, destruction affects all layers of the mucous membrane, and therefore the disease is considered one of the most serious forms of stomatitis - tissue lesions are extensive, they cause a lot of discomfort to the patient.

Specialist's note: when talking about ulcerative gingivitis, glossitis or palatinitis, they mean the same problem, but clearly indicate its localization. That is, ulcerative stomatitis is a general name, and the location of ulcers on the tongue, cheeks, or gums makes it possible to use more specific names.

There is also a catarrhal form of stomatitis, but it differs significantly from ulcerative stomatitis. The catarrhal type of the disease is considered the easiest, since during its course there is only a feeling of dryness and some soreness in the mouth, and the ulcerative form may well be the result of running catarrhal stomatitis.

Areas of necrosis can affect both the mucous membrane and deeper tissues; in some situations, the foci merge into one, forming an extensive lesion. The uncontrolled spread of the process can spread to the bone, becoming the cause.

Classification

Ulcerative stomatitis as one of the forms of lesion of the oral mucosa can also be classified into several types, depending on the nature of its course:

• the acute form proceeds with a vivid manifestation of all symptoms, the appearance of ulcers is accompanied by unpleasant sensations, which intensify when eating. After 1-2 weeks, the lesions are completely healed;
• a chronic or recurrent form is a consequence of improper treatment of the disease in the acute period or weak local immunity. The disease itself proceeds sluggishly, from time to time there are periods of exacerbation with the intensification of symptoms.

The reasons

The exact etiology of the disease has not yet been established, but most researchers believe that the disease is infectious. Its pathogens are bacteria that are always found in a healthy oral cavity, but are activated and provoke the appearance of ulcers only under certain conditions. Factors contributing to the development of the disease include:

• weakening of general or local immunity;
• traumatic injury in the oral cavity;
• malnutrition with a lack of vitamins;
• negative environmental factors (sanitary and hygienic conditions of human life).

Stomatitis can appear as a result of stomach diseases, disorders of the nervous system, hypo- and, poisoning, etc. In children, ulcerative stomatitis often appears after other serious illnesses.

Symptoms

At the very beginning, the disease is very similar in manifestations to the catarrhal form, the differences can be diagnosed as early as 2-3 days. The main symptoms inherent in all types of stomatitis are manifested as follows:

• the mucous membrane swells and turns red;
• there is a burning sensation in the mouth;
• an unpleasant odor appears.

The hallmarks of the ulcerative form of the disease are:

• severe headaches;
• general intoxication of the body;
• increased body temperature;
• general weakness and decreased performance;
• the appearance on the mucous membrane of areas with a plaque, when removed, ulcerative lesions are found;
• enlarged lymph nodes in the jaw area;
• increased viscosity of saliva;
• discomfort in the mouth when eating.

Depending on the extent of mucosal lesions, several stages of the course of the disease can be distinguished.

Stage	Characteristic
Mild ulcerative stomatitis	Ulcerative lesions have clear boundaries and small sizes (ranging from 1 to 10 mm). With appropriate treatment, such lesions usually disappear within 5-7 days.
Moderate severity	The ulcers increase in size and already exceed 1 centimeter in diameter. The lesions are deeper, therefore they require long and active treatment, which can take about a month. Often, these ulcers leave behind scars. At this stage, severe headaches and a noticeable increase in body temperature are noted.
Severe form	In place of several ulcers, one large focus is formed, to which neighboring growing ulcers gradually join. The patient's body temperature rises to critical values.

Diagnostics

There are usually no difficulties in making a diagnosis; the doctor needs only complaints from the patient and the results of an examination of the oral cavity. In some cases, the following studies may be needed:

• polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to determine the type of causative agent of stomatitis;
• bacteriological culture of mucosal smear;

If the disease lasts a long time and does not respond to standard treatment, then a general examination may be needed to identify the underlying disease that provokes stomatitis.

Treatment

Antibiotic therapy is the main approach in the treatment of ulcerative stomatitis in both children and adults. Local treatment of the disease is aimed at eliminating all factors irritating the mucous membrane, and also implies local treatment of ulcerative foci and wounds.

For local therapy, the following agents are used as irrigation procedures:

• hydrogen peroxide;
• furacilin;
• potassium permanganate;
• chloramine.

Means for treating the oral cavity in the photo

The procedure for irrigating the oral cavity is carried out using an ordinary large-volume syringe filled with a healing solution, or using the Esmarch mug - this is a universal installation used in dentistry. The main condition for exposure is that the composition is injected under high pressure.

As part of the surgical intervention, which is required during the period of exacerbation of the disease, those tissues of the oral cavity that have been damaged by stomatitis are treated. Before starting the surgical process, the patient is offered anesthesia - this is a prerequisite for this type of treatment. In most cases, a two percent solution of novocaine acts as an anesthetic. It is used for prolonged rinsing of the mouth, after which the agent is absorbed through focal lesions and leads to high-quality pain relief.

The necrotic plaque itself is removed with a cotton swab, which is soaked in penicillin, novocaine and other means. The wounds are washed until the bottom of the ulcer hole opens. As a result of the interaction of oxygen with the focus of inflammation, all pathogenic objects die. After the final treatment of the wound surface, the doctor applies therapeutic applications.

Physician's advice: For antibiotic applications, combinations of several drugs may be involved, for example, a combination of penicillin, gramicidin and streptomycin. Before starting the procedure, an individual check is carried out for the sensitivity of the microbacteria to the drug.

As a result of high-quality therapy, painful sensations, bleeding and other symptoms gradually subside after three days. During this period of the treatment and recovery process, children are prescribed rinsing the mouth with lilocyme - this remedy leads to a speedy recovery and healing of mucosal lesions. Simpler, but no less effective remedy an auxiliary type is a soda solution - this component can also be used to treat both adults and children.

After the implementation of therapeutic procedures, a course of antibiotic injections is prescribed, however, with a mild and moderate severity of the course of the disease, this measure can be replaced with tableted medicines:

• tetracycline
• biomycin.

As part of the treatment of severe stomatitis, intramuscular injections of penicillin and novocaine are used for 3 days every four hours.

To strengthen the body as a whole during the period of illness, it is recommended to use vitamin complexes of groups A, K and B, as well as immunomodulatory drugs. Analgesics for acute forms diseases can be prescribed very different - it largely depends on the age of the patient and their tolerance of drugs.

How to treat stomatitis - video of Dr. Komarovsky

Treatment prognosis and possible complications

Forecast this disease considered favorable, since with correct treatment it does not take much time to complete recovery... In children younger age the picture is less colorful, since, due to the weakness of their immune system, stomatitis is more protracted.

With the advanced form of stomatitis in the oral cavity, small scars may remain at the site of the ulcers after healing. If you do not take any therapeutic measures, then the necrotic process will spread throughout the oral cavity, capturing more and more large areas. If the bone is damaged, osteomyelitis is diagnosed. Fatal outcome is very rare, possible only in young children and severely weakened individuals.

Prevention

In order to minimize the risk of stomatitis and prevent the spread of ulcers during its course, you must follow a number of recommendations:

• avoid mucosal injury;
• take care of increasing local and general immunity;
• constantly observe the rules of oral hygiene;
• avoid lack and excess of vitamins;
• eat properly;
• completely cure other diseases.

Ulcerative stomatitis is a common disease that occurs with the formation of multiple ulcers on the oral mucosa. If medical recommendations are followed, recovery occurs rather quickly, but if the problem is ignored, it can transform into a chronic form and entail extremely dangerous complications.

- an inflammatory disease of the oral cavity, accompanied by focal destruction of the mucous membrane. Ulcerative stomatitis is manifested by edema and hyperemia of the oral mucosa, against the background of which single or multiple bleeding and painful ulcers are formed, covered with plaque. The ulcerative process is accompanied by halitosis, fever, regional lymphadenitis. Diagnosis of ulcerative stomatitis includes a dental examination, examination of mucosal scrapings. Treatment of ulcerative stomatitis consists of local treatment of ulcers and the oral cavity with anesthetics, antimicrobial drugs and proteolytic enzymes; if necessary, the administration of antibiotics, antihistamines, multivitamins is indicated.

Most often, ulcerative stomatitis develops in children from 6 months to 3 years old, as well as in elderly patients. Mostly young men suffer from necrotizing ulcerative stomatitis.

The causes of ulcerative stomatitis

Ulcerative stomatitis is often an independent disease, but it can develop secondarily, against the background of the existing pathology of internal organs (symptomatic ulcerative stomatitis). The development of ulcerative stomatitis is based on certain local reactions of the immune system to various stimuli. The cause of ulcerative stomatitis can be traumatic, thermal, chemical factors that directly affect the oral mucosa. Ulcerative stomatitis can be a complication of the advanced form of catarrhal stomatitis.

The development of ulcerative stomatitis is facilitated by insufficient oral hygiene, the presence of abundant plaque and tartar, carious teeth, and dysbiosis of the oral cavity. The use of toothpastes containing sodium lauryl sulfate leads to drying of the oral mucosa and increases its sensitivity to various irritants. The development of ulcerative stomatitis can be caused by microtrauma resulting from a violation of the technique of dental manipulations during the treatment and prosthetics of teeth, due to improper fitting of prostheses, the use of biologically incompatible materials.

In many cases, ulcerative stomatitis is infectious in nature. For example, Vincent's ulcerative-necrotic stomatitis ("trench mouth") is caused by the symbiosis of opportunistic bacteria - fusiform bacillus and Vincent's spirochete, found in the oral cavity and, under special conditions, provoking an acute erosive-ulcerative process with soft tissue necrosis.

Ulcerative stomatitis is more common in patients with gastrointestinal diseases (peptic ulcer and duodenal ulcer, chronic enteritis), cardiovascular disease, blood diseases (leukemia), allergic and infectious diseases (scarlet fever, influenza, measles), immunodeficiencies, metabolic disorders. In the development of ulcerative stomatitis, hypovitaminosis plays a special role, especially the lack of vitamins C, P and group B, inadequate and poor-quality nutrition, unfavorable sanitary-hygienic and social conditions of life. The lack of development of childhood immunity makes children early age more susceptible to the development of ulcerative stomatitis.

Ulcerative stomatitis symptoms

The initial symptoms of ulcerative stomatitis resemble the manifestations of the catarrhal form and are characterized by redness, swelling, burning in the gingival margin and interdental papillae, with a gradual spread of the process to neighboring areas. After 2-3 days, on the gums, cheeks and under the tongue, single, rather painful, rounded sores are formed, covered with a white-gray coating. Hypersalivation, halitosis, an increase in body temperature to subfebrile values, and general malaise are observed. Sharp pain makes it difficult for the patient to eat and speak.

Ulcerative stomatitis can become chronic with mild symptoms and minor pain. Chronic ulcerative stomatitis can lead to various complications (rhinitis, otitis media, gastroenteritis, pleurisy, endocarditis) and cause tooth loss.

Diagnostics of the ulcerative stomatitis

The diagnosis of ulcerative stomatitis is established by the dentist on the basis of patient complaints and data from a visual examination of the oral cavity. During the dental examination, hygiene indices, location and appearance ulcers, local irritating factors are identified. An important diagnostic role is played by cytological, microbiological, PCR studies of scrapings from the mucous membrane.

Since ulcerative stomatitis can be a symptom of a number of other diseases, clinical, biochemical blood tests, determination of blood sugar, and immune status can be additionally performed. If necessary, patients with ulcerative stomatitis are advised to consult a gastroenterologist, hematologist, cardiologist, endocrinologist, allergist-immunologist, etc.

Ulcerative stomatitis treatment

In the treatment of ulcerative stomatitis, it is important not only to stop the symptoms of the disease, but also to eliminate the root cause that contributes to its development.

With a mild form of ulcerative stomatitis, local treatment is sufficient. Drinking plenty of fluids, gentle, non-irritating food is recommended. Professional oral hygiene is performed under local application anesthesia, removal of tartar and plaque, grinding of sharp edges of teeth. The oral cavity is irrigated with warm low-percentage solutions of hydrogen peroxide, furacilin, chlorhexidine, potassium permanganate and herbal decoctions; the application of the gel with metronidazole to the affected areas is prescribed. To cleanse the ulcerative surface from necrotic masses, proteolytic enzymes are used - trypsin, deoxyribonuclease. The acceleration of epithelialization is facilitated by the use of regenerating ointments, sea buckthorn and rosehip oil.

In severe cases of ulcerative stomatitis, general detoxification and antibacterial therapy, antihistamines, multivitamins are prescribed. Physiotherapy of periodontitis and periodontal disease has a beneficial effect on the treatment of ulcerative stomatitis. The outcome of necrotizing stomatitis can be scarring of the gums with exposure of the neck and part of the tooth root.

Prevention of ulcerative stomatitis consists in maintaining oral hygiene; treatment of chronic infectious, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular diseases; correct fitting of dentures, quitting smoking and drinking alcohol, strengthening the immune system.

Inflammation of the oral cavity, accompanied by focal lesions of the mucous membrane, is nothing more than ulcerative stomatitis. It is for this form of the course of the disease that the formation of very painful ulcers is characteristic. Pathology is accompanied by a putrid breath, fever, and inflammation of the submandibular lymph nodes.

Treatment of this type of stomatitis is reduced to local therapy. Taking antibiotic drugs is prescribed only in extremely difficult cases. One of the most severe types of ulcerative inflammation of the oral mucosa is Vincent's ulcerative necrotizing stomatitis.

The reasons for the development of pathology

Most often, this type of stomatitis manifests itself as an independent disease. In some cases, it can be a secondary infection that forms against the background of existing diseases of the internal organs.

The reasons for the development of ulcerative stomatitis can be any damage to the oral mucosa. Also, ulcerative stomatitis becomes a "continuation" of untreated catarrhal form of inflammation.

Insufficient oral care is another common cause of the disease in both adults and children. This is facilitated by the deposits of tartar, the presence of carious damage to the tooth enamel, strong plaque on the teeth, as well as dysbiosis of the oral cavity.

Quite often, this subspecies of stomatitis is the result of an infection of the body. In particular, this is precisely the nature of the necrotic ulcerative form of stomatitis. Sometimes ulcerative stomatitis becomes a symptom of the existing pathology of the gastrointestinal tract, a sign of immunodeficiency states, leukemia, heart disease, vascular system, etc.

A lack of vitamins can provoke ulcerative stomatitis. In particular, the presence of such a pathology often indicates a clear lack of vitamins of group B and C. The main reason for the onset of ulcerative stomatitis in children is non-compliance with hand hygiene. This is how pathogenic bacteria most often enter the oral cavity.

Advice! The healing of ulcers significantly speeds up the conduct of physiotherapy procedures such as ultrasound and UFO.

Symptoms of ulcerative stomatitis

Signs of the onset of the disease are no different from catarrhal stomatitis. If during this period to examine the oral cavity, then there will be noticeable slight redness and swelling of certain areas of the mucous membrane. There may also be complaints of burning in the gum edge.

Approximately 2-3 days from the manifestation of the first symptoms, painful sores appear. Initially, they are always solitary and only with a severe course of the disease can they merge into single spots, affecting large areas.

At the same time, a rise in body temperature is recorded, increased salivation, breathing acquires a specific putrid smell. The conversation and the process of eating are accompanied by sharp painful sensations.

Relatively uncommon, but ulcerative stomatitis is able to transform into a chronic form, when one or two small ulcers are almost constantly present on the oral mucosa. As a rule, they do not cause much trouble and the general symptoms are not so pronounced. Chronic ulcerative stomatitis in adults can cause a variety of complications, as well as premature tooth loss.

Diagnosis of the disease

The diagnosis of pathology is based on a visual examination of the inflamed oral mucosa. To establish an accurate diagnosis, such studies are carried out:

• cytology;
• microbiology;
• PCR study of scrapings taken from the mucosa.

Since ulcerative stomatitis may indicate the presence of other problems in the body, the following tests may additionally be prescribed:

• clinical and biochemical blood test;
• determination of blood sugar levels;
• check the immune system.

Ulcerative stomatitis treatment

In adults, the treatment of this type of stomatitis is reduced not only to eliminating painful symptoms, but also to treating its root cause.

Mild treatment

If ulcerative stomatitis passes in a mild form (ulcers are isolated), then only local therapy is carried out.

• In adult patients, the oral cavity is sanitized under local anesthesia. This removes plaque and tartar. Sharp edges of the teeth, which can injure the mucous membrane, are gently grinded.
• In both adults and babies, treatment includes rinsing with solutions of hydrogen peroxide, chlorhexidine, furacilin, and herbal decoctions.
• Additionally, applications using Metrogyl-dent gel can be prescribed.
• The cleaning of ulcerated surfaces in adults is carried out using proteolytic enzymes, in particular, lysoamidase, trypsin and deoxyribonuclease.

Advice! You can speed up the healing of ulcers with the help of rosehip and sea buckthorn oils.

Severe treatment

In a severe course of inflammation, in addition to local treatment, systemic therapy is prescribed, including the use of antibacterial agents and detoxification procedures. In addition to the reception, antihistamines and multivitamin complexes are prescribed.

Vincent's ulcerative necrotizing stomatitis

This is a severe type of ulcerative stomatitis. Quite often, Vincent's ulcerative necrotizing stomatitis is called ulcerative gingivitis, since the main area of \u200b\u200bthe lesion is the gum.

The reasons

The causative agent of the disease in this case is a double tandem made up of a spindle-shaped stick and Vincent's spirochete. These microorganisms are present in the mouth of adults in small quantities, and only when favorable conditions occur, they begin to actively reproduce. The main reason is the unsanded oral cavity.

Symptoms of pathology

The disease can be diagnosed at any age, but most often in young men aged 17-30 years. The disease is always accompanied by:

• an increase in temperature;
• enlargement and soreness of the submandibular lymph nodes;
• severe headache;
• aggravated soreness of the oral mucosa during eating and talking;
• bleeding gums;
• increased salivation;
• the appearance of an unpleasant putrid breath odor.

The face becomes pale, which is explained by severe intoxication.

Advice! It is advisable to sanitize the oral cavity after symptoms have been relieved and ulcerations have healed.

The course of the disease

The symptomatology of catarrhal stomatitis almost instantly transforms into an ulcerative form. The main site of localization of ulcers is the gum. On examination, hyperemia is observed, the gums become painful and begin to bleed at the slightest touch.

The greatest damage is received by the edges of the gums, which, as the condition worsens, necrotizes and becomes covered with a purulent coating. As a rule, even after healing, the gingival margin is not restored.

Especially often, Vincent's ulcerative necrotic stomatitis captures the area at the base of the lower eighth teeth. As the infection progresses, the inflammation moves to the buccal mucosa. In this case, ulcers in adult patients can be quite large and cover the deep layers of the mucous membrane.

Diagnosis of pathology

The diagnosis is made on the basis of a visual examination. Confirmation is the presence of a large number of spirochetes and spindle-shaped bacteria in the scraped taken from the damaged surface of the oral mucosa.

Treatment of ulcerative necrotizing stomatitis

Depending on the severity of the course of the disease, three forms are distinguished:

• easy;
• medium;
• heavy.

With ulcerative necrotizing stomatitis, which is mild, treatment is carried out exclusively locally. Moderate and severe require systemic therapy.

Local treatment

This format of treatment involves the removal of necrotic tissue and the use of procedures that stimulate the processes of epithelial regeneration. Partial sanitation of the oral cavity is carried out even in the acute period of the disease. Previously, the oral cavity is anesthetized using local applications with solutions of anesthesin, lidocaine or trimecaine.

After that, the dentist proceeds to remove tartar and plaque. Teeth with carious cavities are treated with antiseptics. The actual process of treatment or removal of such a tooth is carried out after the ulcers have completely healed.

Proteolytic enzymes are traditionally used to cleanse ulcerative surfaces. The oral cavity is daily treated with antiseptic solutions (chloramine, etonium, hydrogen peroxide) and antimicrobial agents (chlorhexidine, metronidazole).

Advice! To accelerate the healing of necrotic ulcers in adult patients, local applications are applied using the Metrogyl-dent.

Systemic treatment

With a severe course of the disease, systemic treatment is prescribed. The following can be prescribed as antibiotics:

• metronidazole;
• flagil;
• trichopolum;
• klion.

From a number of broad-spectrum antibiotics, the following can be prescribed for admission:

• chloramphenicol (course 10 days);
• sumamed (course 5 days);
• rulid (course 10 days)

Additionally, antihistamines and multivitamin complexes are prescribed. With adequately selected treatment in adult patients, an improvement in the general condition is observed approximately two days after its onset. With a mild form of the disease and a satisfactory state of the mouth, ulcer healing ends by 3-6 days.

Timely treatment of ulcerative stomatitis always guarantees a favorable outcome of the disease. Main preventive measure, which does not allow the development of pathology, is a regular visit to the dentist's office, as well as observance of oral hygiene.