Komarovsky physiological solution. Saline solution for the common cold in children Komarovsky

A runny nose can be a symptom of various diseases and occurs in childhood often enough. It is based on an increase in the production of mucus in the membranes of the nasal passages. If a child has a runny nose and greatly bothers the baby, the parents seek to help the baby in any way. What treatment for a runny nose does Dr. Komarovsky advise and how not to harm a baby with a runny nose, but to effectively eliminate such an unpleasant symptom?

Causes

Most common reason the appearance of a cold in children, a famous doctor calls ARVI. Such a runny nose can occur with or without temperature. An excess amount of mucus, according to Komarovsky, appears a protective reaction of the child's body against a viral infection... Firstly, viruses are removed from the nasopharynx along with mucus, and secondly, there are substances in the mucus itself that are capable of neutralizing the infectious agent.

The doctor will help determine the cause of a runny nose in an infant.

Komarovsky calls the second most common cause of rhinitis in children allergies. It can be caused by laundry detergent, plant blooms, dust, animal dander and other factors. If a child has a lingering, prolonged runny nose, the most likely cause will be an allergic reaction. In treatment, the main condition will be getting rid of the allergen., and any medicine for such a cold, according to Komarovsky, should be prescribed only by a doctor.

Allergies are one of the main causes of the common cold in children.

How to find the reason allergic rhinitis, how it differs from an infectious one and how to treat a child, see the transmission of Dr. Komarovsky.

Babies

In infants, the cause of a runny nose may be physiological response to dry indoor air... In addition, in the first months of life, a runny nose can occur as a result of the addiction of the mucous membranes to breathing through the nose. However, in infancy and viral rhinitis, and a runny nose of an allergic nature.

How to cure a runny nose in case of a disease from nozzles during teething, see the program.

It is believed that instilling breast milk into the nose helps with a cold. What Doctor Komarovsky thinks about this can be found in the video presented.

Treatment

Komarovsky emphasizes that in most cases a child needs a runny nose to get rid of a viral infection, but mucus in the nasopharynx performs its protective function only under certain conditions. The most important of these is a certain consistency.

If the mucus in the nasal passages dries out or thickens strongly, it not only does not help to get rid of viruses, but also becomes a medium in which bacteria can easily develop. This increases the risk of the transition of a viral infection to a bacterial-viral... That is why the main condition for the treatment of the common cold Komarovsky calls the support of the optimal viscosity of mucus. Here are the methods recommended by a renowned pediatrician:

Drinking plenty of fluids... It will thin the mucus by thinning the blood.
Creating suitable indoor conditions... Especially quickly, nasal mucus dries out when the air temperature in the room is above + 22 ° C and in very dry air.
Walks in the open air. If the baby's temperature is normal, you should not leave the baby at home.
Moisturizing mucous membranes with saline... You can buy it at the pharmacy or prepare it at home by combining a liter of boiled water and a teaspoon of salt. Sea salt solutions such as Aquamaris are also suitable. They should be instilled into the nose of a baby with a runny nose every hour, 3-4 drops.
Instillation of oil solutions into the nose... They, covering the mucous membrane with a thin layer, prevent it from drying out. Komarovsky recommends using ektericide, olive oil, oil solution of vitamin A, liquid paraffin, tocopherol solution. These solutions can be instilled 2-3 drops in each stroke every two hours.

If the runny nose is prolonged and such methods of eliminating it do not help, Komarovsky recommends to consult a doctor in order to exclude the allergic nature of this symptom.

Vasoconstrictor drugs

Komarovsky admits that such drugs quickly and effectively eliminate the common cold. They constrict the vessels in the lining of the nasal passages, which leads to a decrease in mucosal edema and a decrease in mucus production. Examples of such drugs are Otrivin, Nazol, Sanorin, Naphthyzin, Tizin and many other drugs.

According to Komarovsky, their differences lie only in the duration and strength of the effect, and the mechanism of the action itself on the mucous membrane and the side effects are very similar.

Vasoconstrictor drugs will quickly relieve a cold, but will be addictive

At the same time, a well-known doctor focuses on the fact that the use of such drugs eliminates only the symptom itself, without affecting the cause of the common cold. If parents decide to use such drugs in the treatment of a cold in a child, a popular pediatrician advises taking into account the following points:

For any vasoconstrictor drugs enough quickly addictive, due to which the drug is used more often or in an increased dose. This increases the risk of side effects associated with exposure to all vessels, not just the nasal area.
If follow the rules of application(do not exceed the dosage, use no longer than a week), then the frequency of side effects is low.
Local side effects are sneezing, burning and tingling sensation in the nose, swelling of the mucous membrane, dry mouth... Common adverse reactions include dizziness, disturbed heart rhythm, visual disturbances, sleep problems, increased blood pressure, vomiting and other serious phenomena.
When choosing a vasoconstrictor drug for a child, it should be remembered that in pharmacies have special forms for children, the concentration of the active substance in which is lowerthan in medications for adults.
Important read the instructions for the preparation and make sure that the remedy is not contraindicated in childhood.

Many young parents have already heard about Dr. Komarovsky. He is a practicing pediatrician and opened his own clinic. In his free time from the main work, Komarovsky is engaged in research, which is reflected in his "work" - books, the main topics of which are - infectious diseases in children. Read this article for tips from a famous doctor.

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What does Dr. Komarovsky say about the phenomenon of a cold in a child?

With this undoubtedly relevant topic, Komarovsky even appeared on television and devoted several sections of his book to it.

To summarize everything that Dr. Komarovsky said, then a runny nose does not need to be treated. And to be more precise, it does not need not to be treated, but to be stopped, since the snot released during rhinitis is a protective reaction of the body to viruses that have entered the respiratory system. Together with mucus, which in fact is what they used to call a runny nose, a large number of microorganisms are released that fight infections. If the nasal passages are forcibly "dried", pathogenic bacteria can easily penetrate into the nasopharynx, bronchi and lungs, causing more serious diseases.

Therefore, according to Komarovsky, with a cold, the main task of the parents of a sick child is to maintain the mucous membrane of his nasal passages in a moist state. To do this, it is necessary to regularly ventilate the room, making sure that the temperature in it is not higher than 21 degrees, and the air humidity is not lower than 75%.

What does Komarovsky claim about the treatment of rhinitis in children?

This doctor knows a lot about rhinitis and its treatment, so he gives parents the following professional advice:

1. Komarovsky advises humidifying the air in the room in which the child is located in case of a cold.

2. Regularly (every 2-3 hours) irrigate the nasopharyngeal mucosa with saline solution, which can be purchased at the pharmacy, or prepare it yourself by dissolving 1 teaspoon of sea salt in a glass of boiled water.

3. The doctor also advises to use the drug Ektericide, which has anti-inflammatory and emollient properties, in case of a cold.

5. In no case should vasoconstrictor nasal drops (Naphthyzin, Xelen, etc.) be used to treat rhinitis, which at the first stage give temporary relief, and then only aggravate the severity of the condition, provoking swelling of the nasopharynx. The use of these drugs is permissible only in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, and then only if the exposure to the allergen is stopped.

Komarovsky on the causes and prevention of rhinitis in children

The main reasons prolonged runny nose Komarovsky outlined the following:

1. Allergic rhinitis 4 weeks or longer. It is quite common and can last for quite a long period of time. It can be a reaction to any external stimulus. Starting from seasonal irritations in the form of an allergic rhinitis to poplar and acacia blossoms, to constant allergies to tobacco smoke, dust or pet hair. Even parrot feathers and their feces can cause a similar reaction in the body.

2. Constantly recurring acute rhinitis. Due to the fact that a runny nose can be repeated constantly, those few days when a runny nose does not bother, are simply not noticed.

3. Physical damage to the nose and septum. Such deviations as the cause of a runny nose, according to Komarovsky, lead to incorrect work of the upper respiratory tract, which can often be the cause of a prolonged runny nose.

Long-term rhinitis can cause disorders of the circulatory system, lungs, kidneys and even hormonal disorders. In diseases of the paranasal sinuses, purulent discharge irritates the nasal mucosa. Then the sinuses themselves need to be treated, but only a specialist can detect this.

How to treat thick snot in a child? Komarovsky: runny nose in a child

Snot in a child? Treatment is perhaps one of the most common problems that new mothers have to face. If for us, adults, a runny nose is an unpleasant phenomenon, then for babies it is a huge problem that can affect the functioning of the whole body with the ensuing consequences.

As a rule, the appearance of this disease is a manifestation of an inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa - rhinitis, and many novice mothers are immediately at a loss and stupor: thick snot how to treat a child?

Etiology of rhinitis in children

In babies, the appearance of thick snot has good reasons, such as a viral or bacterial infection or allergic diseases.

If a child has thick snot, Komarovsky advises to solve this problem immediately. He points out that infants are most susceptible to the occurrence of this ailment, which is associated with a low secretory capacity of the nasal mucosa, impassable and narrow nasal passages, as well as the absence of the cartilaginous part of the nasal septum.

These circumstances make it difficult to warm and purify the inhaled air and create quite favorable conditions for microbial and viral contamination. In other words, the occurrence of a common cold in children is due to a poorly formed immune defense, and its complex manifestation is reduced to diseases such as rhinitis and pharyngitis.

If a child has snot, what to do? Knowing certain features of the functioning of the baby's body and its growth, mothers cease to be surprised at the appearance of snot after a walk.

The main reasons that can cause a runny nose are:

infectious;
vasomotor;
hypertrophic;
allergic.

According to Dr. Komarovsky, a medicinal reason should also be added to this list.

The occurrence of vasomotor rhinitis can be caused by a number of factors, such as hot food, psychoemotional experiences, smoke, etc. This reason is indicated by transparent thick snot in a child.

The emergence of infectious rhinitis is associated, as a rule, with the presence of a microbial, viral or fungal pathogen, and it can appear against the background of various diseases: flu, colds, scarlet fever, etc.

An allergic component, which causes thick snot in the child, requires special attention. How to treat, can tell medical statistics, which speaks of a progressive annual increase in the number of children suffering from various allergic diseases. It is quite clear that the cause of such a cold is contact with an allergen, and a distinctive feature is the presence of white snot.

Long-term use of medications with vasoconstrictor action determines the appearance of a drug-induced rhinitis, or, in other words, drug dependence.

The appearance of various kinds of injuries to the nasal mucosa predetermines the presence of a traumatic rhinitis. Among the reasons may be mechanical injury, chemical or thermal.

With the appearance of proliferation of the nasal mucosa, a hypertrophic rhinitis is formed, and with its atrophy, an atrophic one.

Development of the common cold and its stages

Of course, the process of the appearance of rhinitis has certain stages in development.

The appearance of swelling and swelling of the mucous membrane, which can last for several days.
Increased secretory activity of the epithelium.
Generalization of inflammation.

When primary symptoms appear, that is, when the development of rhinitis enters the first stage, it becomes difficult for the baby to breathe through the nasal passages. The peculiarity is that we, adults, easily begin to breathe through the mouth, but it is difficult for a child to do this. This determines the onset of shortness of breath and rejection of the breast or bottle of formula. After all, the baby simply does not know how to eat and breathe at the same time through a nose blocked by snot.

How thick snot appears

An exciting problem for every mother is the baby's snot. Treatment can vary. In otolaryngology, the origin of white snot is often associated with the presence of an allergic reaction in a baby. But mothers should remember that with diseases of a non-bacterial nature, thick snot may appear in a child. How to treat them in case of establishing the allergic nature of the disease? You need to take the following measures:

regularly ventilate the room where the child is;
carry out wet cleaning of the room at least twice a day;
take frequent walks in the fresh air;
completely exclude contact with a potential allergen.

Often there can be a discharge of thick and transparent snot... According to parents, thick snot in infants is a mucous discharge that appears as a result of contact with an allergen, and they may not always be white. In this case, not only the allergic nature of the disease may take place.

Mucous discharge protects the baby's airways from getting into them the smallest particles in the inhaled air, and maybe the baby does not receive enough liquid. If so, it is recommended to increase the amount of water you drink and consult a doctor about how to treat thick snot.

When chronic diseases, such as bronchitis, or those that acquire a protracted nature (pneumonia), there may be a discharge of thick green snot, which can appear even with a runny nose. Mucous nasal discharge can take on a yellow-green color with a bacterial infection, which is due to the massive death of leukocytes and microorganisms.

Komarovsky considers thick snot in a child to be the most insidious. The nature of the origin of these secretions may be the same as in older children. It is worth not delaying treatment, as this may lead to the development of complications, and babies at such an early age are not able to blow their nose on their own. Therefore, it is recommended to regularly revise the nasal passages, for example, after each bathing, and clean them as necessary.

What Dr. Komarovsky says about a cold

Everyone knows how to get rid of snot, but it is clear that every mother is concerned about the correct and quick elimination of a runny nose in a baby. It is worth saying that there is no need to engage in self-treatment.

Babies and babies under one year old are completely different people from the point of view of medicine. The processes that take place in their body are very different from those that occur in the body of an adult or older children.

How to get rid of snot, help you understand the advice of Dr. Komarovsky:

When a child has a runny nose of an infectious nature, the main task of the parents is to prevent the mucus from drying out. You should constantly provide the baby with a drink and regularly humidify the air in the room.
If this is not facilitated, mucus can thicken and gradually settle in the lumen of the bronchi, which, in turn, can lead to the development of bronchitis or pneumonia. It can also lead to complications in the form of pharyngitis, otitis media, sinusitis and other diseases.

The baby has thick snot

If a child has thick snot, how to treat it, the recommendations given above will prompt. Namely, you need to: regularly ventilate the room in which the baby is located, and carry out wet cleaning. In a situation where hyperthermia occurs, you should give the baby boiled water as often as possible. In addition, it is recommended to adhere to the following rules:

do not force-feed the child;
regularly revise the nasal passages and suck mucus;
take the baby in your arms more often;
talk affectionately with the child.

Every mother is worried about the question of treating a cold with any medication... According to Dr. Komarovsky, a runny nose in a child can be treated with drugs, but at the same time, the recommendations of pediatricians regarding their appointment should be followed.

So, drugs with a vasoconstrictor action should be prescribed in a minimum dosage and only in the first two days of the development of the disease. To do this, you can use such means as "DlyaNos" (0.05%) and children's "Otrivin", which are shown to babies.

If you need to use antiviral and antibacterial drugs, you can use the following:

drops "Protargol";
nasal drops "Grippferon";
drops on an oil base "Retinol", "Ektericid", "Tocopherol";
rectal suppositories "Viferon";
children's spray "Isofra".

When using these drugs, you should carefully read the instructions for use, and it is better to consult your pediatrician.

From antihistamines it is possible to use Vibrocil drops or Aquamaris or Aqualor Baby washing sprays.

Treatment of yellow snot

Let's say that even with an exact definition of the cause of the disease, it is necessary to consult with a pediatrician to agree on the treatment and its stages. If there is no opportunity to consult, then, as Dr. Komarovsky says, a child's runny nose can be treated by following these recommendations:

actively blow mucus from the nose;
to apply vasoconstrictor drugs;
some time after that, flush the nasal sinuses;
continue local procedures;
use antihistamines;
if necessary, apply broad-spectrum antibacterial agents;
it is possible to use paracetamol-based antipyretic and anti-inflammatory drugs.

It is worth remembering that in the absence of the effect of the medication being carried out, you may have to resort to surgical intervention in the form of a puncture, which will remove the collected pus and ensure adequate ventilation of the sinuses.

The main measures for the treatment of green snot

After a diagnosis has been made by the attending pediatrician, both medications and folk remedies can be prescribed. In especially severe cases, when yellow thick snot appears in a child, antibacterial drugs can be recommended for bacterial infection and antiviral drugs for viral infection.

Treatment of the disease should begin with the maximum release of the nasal sinuses and passages from mucus to ensure comfortable free breathing for the baby.

To clear the nasal passages when yellow thick snot appears in a child, you can use a regular syringe pear. By the way, this procedure is recommended to be performed before each rinsing of the nose or instillation of medicines.

You can rinse your nose using special solutions that are sold at the pharmacy, or using your own salt water. In the latter case, the solution should not be stronger than one teaspoon of salt per liter of boiled water. Can be used like sea \u200b\u200bsalt, and ordinary cooking. For infants, it is recommended to take special rinsing solutions, which can be bought at the pharmacy. In them, the microelement composition is observed in the most optimal proportion.

It is recommended to treat thick white snot in a child after establishing the cause of their appearance. Initially, as with the treatment of any type of snot, it is recommended to rinse the nose to clear it of mucus and microorganisms. It is possible to use vasoconstrictor drops, which should not be used more often than 3-4 times a day. To combat inflammation, you can use drops "Protargol", "Collargol" together with antiallergic or antibacterial drugs... Thick white snot in a child lends itself well to therapy with the anti-inflammatory ointment "Viprosal".

Nose wash procedure

In order to rinse the baby's nose, it must be put on its side, and the rinsing solution should be poured into the nostril located above. After that, the child is turned over on the other side and the procedure is repeated. The solution is infused very carefully. You can also rinse with an ordinary pipette. It should be remembered that the washing procedure is unpleasant for the baby. It can also be carried out using a medical syringe with a solution volume of no more than 0.5 ml.

After the rinsing of the nose is finished, you can drip the therapeutic drops.

Correct nasal instillation

In order to properly drip drops into the baby's nose, it must be laid on its side, in the same way as during the washing procedure, and then 2-3 drops of the drug should be dripped. It is necessary that they hit the mucous septum - in this case, the effect will develop as quickly as possible. After that, you should gently press the nostril with your finger so that the drops do not leak out, turn the baby over to the other side and repeat the procedure.

Folk ways

Some folk methods used by our mothers and grandmothers will help ease the baby's condition.

So, for rinsing the nose, you can use not only salt water, but also a freshly prepared and cooled decoction or chamomile infusion at the rate of two teaspoons per glass of water.

To carry out "disinfection" in the room, you can put an onion, cut in half or into 4 parts. Inhalation of the phytoncides secreted by it will help break through a stuffy nose. After a while, the swelling of the mucous membrane will decrease, and the baby's breathing will become easier.

You can also lubricate the nasal passages with sea buckthorn oil, which will have a preventive effect in the formation of crusts.

You can lubricate the baby's feet with the "Star" balm three to five times a day, combining this procedure with a massage.

You can bury aloe or Kalanchoe juice. Freshly prepared carrot or beet juice diluted with boiled water in equal proportions also helps well against a cold.

Runny nose prevention

As you know, it is better to prevent the disease than to treat it. By following a few simple rules, you can prevent the development and appearance of a cold. So, to the baby from the very early age it is necessary to create and maintain a daily regimen, ensure proper nutrition, exercise and ensure the adoption of air baths. You can also wipe your baby with a damp towel and take contrast baths. In the latter case, the difference between the initial and final temperatures should not be more than 2-3 degrees.

A runny nose is a very common symptom of a cold in children 2 years of age. Many parents are familiar with the situation when after the treatment of a cold, it appears again. The reason may be that the previous rhinitis was not completely cured, or the immune system is very weakened, therefore it reacts to each stimulus in this way. Especially often, such an ailment occurs in children at this age, since many go to kindergarten, where there is a huge amount of viruses and bacteria.

First aid

What is the best treatment? To get the maximum result from the treatment of a common cold in children 2 years old, you must adhere to certain rules. This is the only way you can overcome the disease in a short period of time.

First, it is necessary to refuse to attend kindergarten for 2-3 days. Thus, you can slow down the disease at the initial stage of development. Otherwise, this symptom will become chronic and the treatment will be much more difficult.

Provide bed rest for the first 2 days. Place the pillow under your head and shoulders. Then he will feel comfortable, and the accumulated phlegm will begin to separate faster. And this will greatly improve the baby's nasal breathing.

At the time of a cold, the child must consume as much liquid as possible. Make him a drink from jam, currants, cranberries. Such fruits contain vitamin C in large quantities, and it, as you know, perfectly eliminates colds and infectious diseases. In addition, this drink has an anti-inflammatory effect and strengthens the defenses of the child's body. Patients at the age of 2 years should be given up to 1 liter of liquid to drink a day.

If after 2 days the baby's runny nose has not passed, then it is worth giving him warm mineral alkaline water. The advantage of this treatment is that pathogenic microorganisms die very quickly in an alkaline environment. With plenty of drinking, it is possible to improve the discharge of nasal mucus and reduce the intoxication of the body, which occurs against the background of redness by bacteria and viruses.

The video tells how to treat a runny nose in a child at 2 years old:

Inhalation

Such measures in the treatment of cough in children 2 years old are considered the most effective. Thanks to them, it is possible to evenly distribute the drug into the depths of the nasal mucosa. The result of this treatment is a quick and effective distribution of the drug over the surface of the nasal epithelium. The healing process after inhalation occurs very quickly. Already after 2-3 days, the baby's breathing improves, the amount of mucus secreted decreases and the general condition normalizes. 3-4 procedures are required per day.

For inhalations, you can use a special device, thanks to which it is possible to turn the medicinal solution into an aerosol under pressure. The name of such a device is a nebulizer, through it you can spray inflammatory, immunomodulating and antibacterial medicines. Medications for a cold nebulizer are listed here.

Application of drops

As a rule, during the treatment of a common cold in children 2 years of age, they use vasoconstrictor drops... It is not worth using them for more than a week. Consider only the most effective for children of this age:

Other effective remedies

Washing with ordinary boiled water has a positive effect in the treatment of children's rhinitis. To achieve the maximum effect, it is necessary to use an infusion of medicinal herbs and sea water. Herbs such as calendula, St. John's wort and eucalyptus are considered effective.

Many children at this age do not really like washing, but this is necessary. Prepare your baby in advance, promise him some kind of reward for this. Over time, he will get used to it, and the procedure will not seem so scary to him. In addition, the positive result will be noticeable after the first application.

An important role in the treatment of the common cold in children 2 years old is considered to be diet. Do not include fatty and meat dishes in the diet. To digest such food, the baby's body will need more energy. Since the disease reduces energy reserves, it is very important to follow a diet for rhinitis.

Saturate the body of the crumbs with a large amount of drink, rich in vitamin C. Replenishment of fluid in such patients is a very important point, because their dehydration is much stronger. You can try other folk remedies.

Find out if licorice syrup can be used for children under one year old.

Children's runny nose is often added to everyday worries and troubles in the first months after the birth of a baby. According to Dr. Komarovsky, a runny nose in an infant is a consequence of any viral disease, Start inflammatory process or manifestation of an allergic reaction.

A runny nose and a stuffy nose causes great discomfort and inconvenience to the baby. The appearance of snot interferes with the restful sleep of the baby and causes difficulties with feeding. It is hard for him to breathe, he is capricious. After all, the baby mainly breathes through the nose, to facilitate breathing due to a stuffy nose, the baby does not know how to consciously open his mouth. The nasal passages of the newborn are still very narrow, so even small discharge or swelling of the nasal mucosa completely overlaps them.

These circumstances make my mother very nervous. Parents are trying to alleviate the suffering of their baby, but if the treatment is not carried out correctly or nothing is done at all, a runny nose can result in complications associated with inflammation of the sinuses of the nose and the ears of the child.

Therefore, before starting treatment for a common cold, it is necessary to carefully analyze possible reasons rhinitis, so as not to be mistaken with treatment tactics.

Pediatricians distinguish between two main causes of nasal mucus in children:

physiological, which do not require treatment. For example, teething, active functioning of the salivary glands, which occurs in the first months of the life of newborn children. Discharge from the nose is moderate, clear and not very disturbing;
pathological reasons. These are exactly the cases that require treatment and prevention. These include viruses, bacteria, allergens.

Manifestation of pathological rhinitis

Viral snot. Usually their appearance is associated with an increase in temperature, occurs after contact with a patient.

Bacterial rhinitis... This type of snot is also accompanied by a fever, but discharge from the nose is slightly different from viral rhinitis. The mucus is greenish, in which leukocytes stain it. They accumulate in the secretions after the baby's immune system fights off bacteria that have entered the body.

Allergic rhinitis most often manifests itself without elevated temperature, the general condition of the baby is normal. Allergens can be near the baby in the form of pet hair, pollen, dust.

Dr. Komarovsky also focuses the attention of parents of newborn children on the fact that if the room does not maintain sufficient humidity (about 70%), then a runny nose can be a reaction to dry air in the form of protective moist mucus.

According to Komarovsky, the main thing that the parents of the baby should do is to determine the cause of the origin of rhinitis and treat it, and not the runny nose itself.

How to treat rhinitis in babies

If the doctor diagnosed the child with a pathological rhinitis, then along with the prescribed treatment, the baby must remove the mucus that appears from the nose so that he can breathe. Naturally, at this age, the baby does not know how to blow his nose, so parents will have to learn how to perform some procedures.

How should a runny nose in newborns be treated:

1. Suck mucus out of the nose regularly. For these purposes, the use of a nasal aspirator or mechanical aspirator in the form of a tube or special vacuum and electronic aspirators is recommended.

Many models of electronic spout cleaners are equipped with a mucous membrane moisturizing function.

2. Use saline solutions in treatment. In their own way chemical composition they are closest to human serum. The most commonly used 0.9% sodium chloride solution. Use this drug to moisturize the nasal passages, better remove snot from the nose and prevent their stagnation in the child's nasal passages. Babies under 1 year old need to instill saline solution 1-3 drops into each nostril. The liquid will soften the discharge and move it towards the larynx. The baby will subsequently swallow them, and breathing will be restored.

Saline can also be used to prevent rhinitis. And also doctors say that a few drops of breast milk can be used for preventive and therapeutic purposes.

3. Use some vasoconstrictor if recommended by your pediatrician. If the cause of rhinitis in a baby is swelling of the nasal mucosa, then the dose of vasoconstrictor drops prescribed by the doctor will relieve the swelling in the nose and restore the baby's breathing.

The disadvantages of using vasoconstrictor drugs are as follows:

long-term use can be addictive and cause rhinitis medication;
also, these drugs have an effect on the cardiovascular system of the baby;
the action of such drops makes the walls of the nasal mucous membrane quite vulnerable;
all drops used to treat a child enter his stomach. Saline is almost harmless, and vasoconstrictor drops have a more aggressive composition, which can cause a certain effect on the child's body.

What Dr. Komarovsky advises for the treatment of rhinitis in children

Komarovsky's technique is as follows. For normal breathing, the child needs cool and moist air, which prevents the nasal mucosa from drying out. During a runny nose, the child should receive an abundant drink that maintains the necessary rheology of the child's nose.

Should be used regularly saline... Dr. Komarovsky advises to treat rhinitis in infants according to the following scheme: every 30 minutes, 3-4 drops of solution should be dripped into the nose.

How to care for your baby during a runny nose

In order to prevent the onset of a runny nose, parents of infants need to strengthen the immunity of their baby - walk more often in the fresh air, exercise and feed the child correctly.

Many people think that a runny nose is a mild illness. Adults tolerate this disease quite easily, but a runny nose can really be a problem for a child.

Often parents notice that a perky child who was running down the street yesterday wakes up in the morning with snot and sneezing endlessly. The most best medicine from such a nuisance for children is its prevention. After walking, you should immediately change the child into clean socks, and if he is overcooled, then warm him up in a warm bath or make a hot bath with mustard powder for legs. If you get caught in the rain and the child is wet, then before going to bed, prepare him warm milk with honey or soda. Then in the morning the child will wake up without a runny nose and will not suffer from constant sneezes.

Before going to the pharmacy for medicines, you need to find out the cause of the snotty nose. This can be both acute respiratory viral infections and exposure to allergens. If a runny nose is caused by a cold, then do not rush to instill vasoconstrictor drugs into the nose. This is the opinion of many domestic doctors, including the famous doctor Komarovsky.

Treatment of rhinitis in children according to Komarovskywith the help of such drops is possible only in the following cases:

The child has otitis media
Difficulty nasal breathing
Difficulty in nasal breathing and is observed heat body
Breathing through the nose is difficult, but it is difficult for the child to breathe through the mouth.

Only in the cases listed above is it advisable to use vasoconstrictor drugs. In other cases, the treatment of a common cold in children according to Komarovsky should consist in humidifying the air and drinking plenty of fluids. In this case, you can refer to folk remediesto speed up the result.

Causes of a runny nose in children

A runny nose in a child is the response of the body's immune system to infections and irritants. A predisposing factor is hypothermia of the child, which occurs against the background of a weakened immune system.

Doctor Komarovsky explains the physiological basis of rhinitis as follows. A runny nose in children under 1 year old is an increased production of mucus by the nasal membranes due to the penetration of an infectious agent. In addition, a runny nose can occur due to allergens or as a result of prolonged exposure of the child in a room with dusty air.

That is, rhinitis is not a disease but a symptom. Therefore, the treatment of rhinitis in children according to Komarovsky should be aimed at eliminating the source of infection.

Rhinitis in children under the age of one year can appear due to:

Infection (bacterial or viral)
Allergies
Structural violations
Hits foreign body into the nasal passages.

Most often, a runny nose in babies during the first year of life is provoked by respiratory viral infections... Increased secretion of mucus, which contains special substances that neutralize viruses and stop their reproduction, is the body's way of fighting them.

Doctor Komarovsky

Dr. Komarovsky notes that the effectiveness of the fight depends on the consistency of mucous secretions. Dried mucus, which contains protein, is an excellent base for bacteria to multiply. During this period, the color of the snot becomes greenish or yellowish-green. This is why it is important to keep the secretions from drying out and to maintain viscosity. To do this, you often need to ventilate the baby's room, give plenty of fluids to drink, daily wet cleaning the baby's room, and use humidifiers.

If an allergen (pets, washing powder, flowers, etc.) has become the cause of a child's runny nose, then it should be eliminated immediately. If this is not possible, then you will have to use drugs. Today there are many topical vasoconstrictor drugs that are effective in treating allergic rhinitis.

With seasonal and year-round rhinitis, topical antiallergic agents are used, for example, cromohexal, allergodil, cromoglin. Nasacort, baconase, flixonase have anti-edematous and anti-inflammatory effects. Rinofluimucil contains a vasoconstrictor component and acetylcysteine, which thinns thick mucus.

After instillation of vasoconstrictor drops or inhalation, the vessels of the nasal mucosa narrow, its swelling and the amount of mucus decrease. As a result, breathing through the nose is restored and the snot stops flowing.

Among the most popular and effective drugs the following - naphthyzin, galazolin, sanorin, nazol, otrivin, tizin, afrin, leconil, adrianol, xylometazoline and others. Their differences lie in the strength and duration of the therapeutic effect. When using these drugs, you should adhere to certain rules:

Vasoconstrictor drugs are addictive, as a result, the dose and frequency of administration increase.
The recommended doses should be adhered to, and the duration of admission should not exceed 5-7 days.
Among the side effects, general and local are distinguished. Local - swelling of the mucous membrane, burning, tingling in the nose, dry mouth, sneezing. General - disturbed heartbeat, dizziness, sleep disturbance, high blood pressure, vomiting, visual impairment.
In the treatment of rhinitis in children, only special children's drugs are used, which differ from adults in a lower concentration of the active substance in the solution.
Until 2 years of age, some vasoconstrictor drugs may be contraindicated, consult your doctor.

Doctor Komarovsky claims that it is necessary to fight not with the effect (runny nose), but with the cause. As noted above, for allergic rhinitis you need to get rid of the allergen, and in case of a runny nose caused by ARVI - use a whole range of procedures (ventilation, humidification of the air, drinking plenty of fluids). To liquefy thick mucus, in addition to the previously listed funds, expectorants are used - carbocisteine, acetylcysteine, ambroxol. They act at the level of the bronchi and nose.

Treatment of a common cold needs to be started in a timely manner, so when it appears, immediately make an appointment with a doctor.

Every child from his very birth is faced with such a phenomenon as a runny nose. In some cases, mucus from the nose is a physiological cause. The baby's mucous membrane is not yet accustomed to contact with air, so it reacts to this by secreting mucus.

The situation is quite different with, which is provoked by a negative factor. They may have an elementary cold. Doctor Komarovsky knows a lot about the common cold in children, so he explains the reasons for its occurrence.

Rhinitis in children occurs as a result of the action of bacteria on the nasal mucosa. The root causes of baby snot can be as follows:

Viral infection. Among all viruses, rhinovirus is the root cause of snot in babies. There are more than 100 varieties of this virus. The primary cause of infection is healthy virus carriers or infected children. In the cold season, the disease passes in the form of epidemics. The disease begins with sharp rise temperature and itching in the nasal passages. After a couple of days, the discharge becomes greenish. This suggests that a bacterial infection is joining.
Staphylococcus aureus. Very often, when taking tests in the child's nose, staphylococcus can be detected. The bacterium is too resistant to antimicrobial medicines, therefore it is very difficult to respond to the usual method of cure. In case of decreased immunity, staphylococcus begins to multiply very quickly, which causes new symptoms of the disease. Bacterial rhinitis has a green tint, since when bacteria multiply, revitalized substances are released from the immune system.
Allergic reaction. In case of allergies, the child begins to appear. Allergies can be caused by dust, wool, pollen. Allergies can manifest themselves in the nasal products used. With the addition of a bacterial infection, the snot also acquires a greenish tint.

Treatment of a common cold in children is largely determined by the reasons that provoked its appearance

Important! When snot appears, the help of a doctor is needed to establish the cause and receive competent treatment.

When to and when not to eliminate discharge?

Pus cannot appear from the nose just like that. The root cause may not be medical in nature. Discharge may begin from entering the nostrils irritants:

allergens;
dust;
viruses and microbes.

It is not necessary to get rid of snot by conservative methods if an increase in the amount of discharge is of a physiological nature. Examples of such phenomena:

The mucous membrane of newborns has not yet developed and has not adapted to the air. Therefore, with a runny nose, a child under 1 year old self-cleans.
Clearing the nostrils from the tears that were there at the time of crying.
Reflex to dry air. In such a situation, the mucous membrane itself tries to compensate for the lack of moisture.

With ARVI, the baby does not need to cure the discharge. In this case, they perform a protective function.

When a cold is eliminated, the normal work of the gland is disrupted, the functioning of which is aimed at preventing the penetration of viruses and bacteria inside.

Thus, the treatment of a common cold in children according to Komarovsky is not required if:

high temperature does not rise;
discharge and liquid enough;
discharge flows quietly from the nose.

Attention! If a thick discharge with a pungent odor and a yellowish tinge is found, then urgent measures must be taken.

Doctor Komarovsky's advice on the treatment of lingering rhinitis

Dr. Komarovsky insists on choosing a cure method depending on the nature of the mucus and consistency. It is very important to maintain moisture and not allow the superficial layer of the nasal gland to dry out. This will provoke the reproduction of harmful organisms.

It is very important to carry out the following activities:

The child's nose is constantly moisturized, instilled and rinsed.
Ventilate the room, do regular wet cleaning and control the moisture level in the room.

The doctor highly discourages the use of vasoconstrictor drugs, such as Nazol and Naphtizin. These drugs will not cure the ailment, but will only provide temporary relief. Side effects will start to appear soon. This will cause complications and aggravation of the disease.

Komarovsky advises children to use Ektericid oil drops. The drug is absolutely safe for health, since it has no side effects at all. The product actively envelops the mucous membrane, thereby maintaining the required moisture level.

The doctor prescribes Tocopherol for babies. These are natural refined olive and vaseline drying oils. You can use the tool no more often than 1 time in 3 hours... In both passages drip 3 drops.

How to heal lingering runny nose in a child, the doctor knows a lot. Therefore Komarovsky gives such professional recommendations:

Regularly in the apartment where the baby lives.
Spray the child's nasopharyngeal mucosa regularly with saline. It is possible to buy it in every pharmacy kiosk, or mix it yourself. To do this, pour 1 small spoonful of sea salt into a container with warm water.
For babies under three years old, lubricate the nose with oils that contain vitamins A and E. Perform this action effectively after using saline solution.

In order to prevent the transition of nasal suppuration to a chronic form, it is necessary to begin an operative cure of the acute form.

Attention! Only timely identification of symptoms will help avoid complications.

Rinsing the nose

If the runny nose does not go away for a long time, then the doctor Komarovsky insists on cure in combination with flushing of the passages.

It is worth using it, since it disinfects and flushes the nasopharynx.

To prepare a solution for 1 liter, add 9 grams of salt. It is still recommended to use a medicinal product.

For flushing you need:

prepare a 20 ml disposable syringe without a needle;
draw the medicine into the syringe;
first insert the syringe into one passage, then into the other;
at the time of administration of the solution, the child should try to retract his nostrils.

Perform all actions very carefully. Liquid should not come out of the second nostril. In this case, complications can be avoided. After completing these steps, take a specialized device and suck out the excreted pus.

How to pump out mucus with an aspirator?

In order for the child to breathe much easier, the doctor advises using aspirator. This is to facilitate the outflow of mucus by an artificial method. This method will help to get rid of dried crusts and unpleasant mucus very quickly.

The aspirator is a syringe pear and a plastic tube. Before the automatic cleaning of the canals, it is necessary to very well clean the nose using a syringe without a needle.

It is possible to purchase an electronic aspirator that runs on batteries. The set includes different attachments. This will greatly facilitate the suction of the snot.

Burying the nose

A cure for a runny nose is possible by instilling the nose. Parents can cook themselves. For this for 1 literadd 9 grams of salt. Stir the whole mass well and drip into both passes 2-3 drops each.

In this case, tilt the baby's head to the other side. After instillation, pump out mucus from the nose using a special device. An older child can close one nostril and blow mucus out of the other on their own. Repeat the same with a different nostril.

For instilling liquid medicines a regular pipette is used in the nose

Prohibitions in treatment

apply drops with an antibacterial effect;
use medications that constrict blood vessels at the very beginning of a cold;
bury the baby's nose with aloe juice or other vegetables.

The treatment of a runny nose in a child should be treated as carefully as possible. Not all medicines are indicated for children. It is for this reason that it is important to get expert advice.

Runny nose prevention

Dr. Komarovsky says that it is much easier to prevent the appearance of a cold than to deal with its cure later. It is important to take precautionary measures, which include:

It is necessary to teach the child to hardening from the first days of his life.
It is important to strengthen the child's immunity through properly distributed nutrition. You need to learn how to choose the right vitamins for your child, optimize the wakefulness and sleep regimen.
The child is constantly taken out for a walk. Fresh air is very healthy.
Give the child regular massages, provide courses of physiotherapy exercises. Be sure to do morning exercises. The kid should be enrolled in the sports section. All physical activity should be moderate, so as not to harm the child's health and not cause complications.
During acute respiratory viral infections and other epidemics, rinse the child's nose with salt solutions.
Maintain the necessary living conditions for the baby.

By performing these simple steps, you can save your baby from snot. There is nothing complicated in these points, so you should listen to the advice of Dr. Komarovsky.

Conclusion

From the above, the bottom line is that rhinitis is not always dangerous. It might just be an allergic reaction to dust. Perhaps the baby's mucous membrane just dried up, and the body began to defend itself from excessive dryness. Therefore, it is worth learning to identify the symptoms. have a good runny nose from bacterial.

If the discharge also acquires a pungent odor, then surgical treatment is necessary. It is possible to rinse and instill the nose at home. Before applying any procedures, you should consult a specialist.