This disease is considered an acute inflammatory disease. In this case, the child's respiratory tract suffers. Treatment differs from acute respiratory viral infection in that antibiotics can be used.
Symptoms of acute respiratory infections in children
Most often these are:- cough;
- renit;
- headaches;
- sore throat;
- restless sleep;
- lack of appetite
At this tender age, babies receive antiviral protection through breast milk.
Signs of acute respiratory infections in babies under one year old:
- high temperature;
- cough;
- runny nose;
- loss of appetite;
- disturbed sleep;
- cry;
- anxiety.
Basically, disease therapy consists of creating favorable conditions for recovery:
- humid, cool, ventilated air;
- warmly;
- a small amount of food;
- drinking plenty of fluids.
Treatment of a cough requires the utmost care, so do not use vasoconstrictor drops. Only if the cough is very strong, reaching vomiting, the doctor can prescribe antitussives. When the cough becomes wet, expectorant drugs are prescribed. But you should be careful with them, especially with very young children.
ARI in children is usually caused by viruses, so treatment begins with the use of antiviral agents.
How to treat acute respiratory infections in children?
You can use Aflubin. When the disease is in its early stages or during exacerbations, the medicine should be taken every hour.Admission rate:
- For babies under the age of one - one drop each;
- Children under 12 years old - three;
- For adolescent children - seven to ten drops.
Remantadine
This remedy can be used to treat children over three years old. Children under six years old with symptoms of acute respiratory infections should be given three times a day, half a tablet, older children - 1-2 tablets.
This medicine is given to patients only in the first days of the disease. It is preferable for a baby up to a year to bury Igterferon - two drops in each nostril.
You need to bring down the temperature medicines based on paracetamol. Use candles for babies. Calpol, Panadol in the form of syrups are also suitable for this.
A three-year-old child can be given funds that activate the protective functions of the body - anaferon, influenza, influenza.
Prevention of acute respiratory infections in children
A lot of attention needs to be paid to the prevention of this disease.- Lubricate your child's nose with oxolinic ointment before walking. If it is not in the house, replace it with vegetable oil.
- Keep your child's hands clean and wash them systematically, especially after being outdoors. When returning home, be sure to change your baby's clothes. Perform a thorough damp cleaning.
- Ventilate the area regularly to reduce the harmful concentration of germs and viruses in the air.
Basic principles for the treatment of ARI
- The list of treatment methods includes a rule: it is strictly forbidden to mix medicinal and non-medicinal preparations.
- Do not give antibiotics to children without written permission from the pediatrician.
- Refuse the use of burning plasters, mustard plasters, cans.
- Without consulting a doctor, you cannot independently use physiotherapy recipes.
- Do not rush to bring down the temperature.
- You need to give food to a child only at his request and only food that is easily digested - without dairy and fatty products.
- Give your baby plenty of warm liquid.
- Establish control over the humidity and temperature in the room where the baby is most of the time.
- Ventilate the nursery often, especially at night.
Every mother who has raised at least one child can safely call herself a specialist in the treatment of colds in children, she knows what ARI symptoms and treatment in children has. Due to their small age, children cannot tell where it hurts, very small ones - and just cry.
The first ARI symptoms in children, which an attentive mother will notice before the onset of the disease is:
- Decreased appetite.
- Aimless worry.
- Increased fatigue.
- Disturbed, intermittent sleep.
- Increased need for rest, lethargy.
Signs of acute respiratory infections in a child
- Stuffy nose, nasal voice.
- Runny nose.
- Red sore eyes.
- Temperature increase.
- Weakness.
- Pain when swallowing.
What is ARI
If you look at it, ARI is not an independent disease, but a whole group acute diseases, mainly of the respiratory system, transmitted by airborne droplets and by contact.
From the view respiratory disease, organ - the target of the pathogen, the nuances of the course and the list of possible complications depend.
According to the decree of the World Health Organization (hereinafter - WHO), the doctor cannot make a final diagnosis indicating the type of the pathogen of acute respiratory infections without the results of seeding a swab from the nose and throat. But sowing is a fairly long study, the result comes in three weeks, sometimes in one month, and a cold disappears on average in a week or two. By that time, the child had been healthy for a long time. Treatment of uncomplicated ARVI cases is symptomatic in most cases. Without treatment, they can also recover, but then the risk of complications, the addition of a bacterial infection against the background of a weakened immune system, increases significantly, and this is a good reason for prescribing antibacterial drugs.
Symptomatic treatment
- Intoxication - headache, pain in muscles, joints at a height of temperature, changes in taste in the mouth, lethargy, drowsiness.
- Hyperthermia is an increase in body temperature. There are white and red.
- Catarrhal - rhinitis, rhinoconjunctivitis, pharyngitis, nasopharyngitis, otitis media, laryngitis, tracheitis and other combinations.
- Isolation of a sick child from healthy children, a ban on attending social events, kindergartens, schools.
- Plentiful warm (not hot!) Drink - children drink compotes well, sweet tea with honey and lemon, you can add one pinch of ground ginger, which has an antiviral effect.
- Light food, do not force to eat.
- Gentle motor regime, limit excessively active games.
- Adapt for recovery the conditions of the room in which the baby is located - a slightly cool (18-22 ° C), rather humid, ventilated room.
- Compulsory daytime sleep is a remedy that will significantly speed up the healing process.
The causative agents of acute respiratory infections and features of the clinic
- Rhinovirus - affects the nasal mucosa. Feature - rhinorrhea, transparent profuse watery discharge from the nose, with swelling of the mucous membrane - congestion and sneezing. Mucus can drip down back wall pharynx, irritating it, provoking a short, dry, frequent cough. There are herpes sores around the mouth. Saline solution for rinsing the nose - best medicine, cream with acyclovir - as required.
- Respiratory syncytial infection - the incubation period for the manifestation of the first symptoms is 3-7 days, in older children in the form of a scanty runny nose, conjunctivitis, sometimes with an increase in temperature to 38 with a dry cough, pain in the chest. In children younger age - with symptoms of bronchiolitis with broncho-obstructive syndrome - inflammation of the final branches of the bronchi, "pre-pneumonia" in the form of shortness of breath, paroxysmal barking cough with thick discharge. It takes about two weeks to recover from an uncomplicated course.
Prescribe agents that thin the mucus, Ambroxol preparations, but only before the effect appears, then they are replaced with a milder agent, for example, Ivy syrup. In order to quickly treat acute respiratory infections in children under 3 years of age of this type and to reduce the risk of developing pneumonia, it would be good to get a nebulizer - an inhalation apparatus with adjusting the size and speed of inhaled particles of a medicinal product. Only this device delivers the drug flow with the necessary force to deliver the drug to distant bronchioles.
- Adenovirus - the symptoms of acute respiratory infections are characterized by an acute undulating course, after relief of symptoms on the fourth day comes re-increase temperature, which the next day goes down to recovery. The submandibular, cervical and occipital lymph nodes increase, pain when swallowing with a runny nose and conjunctivitis with photophobia and lacrimation.
- Parainfluenza - incubation period 2-4 days, acute onset. Hoarse voice, sore throat, fever up to 38, stubborn, dry, barking cough, runny nose transparent, streaked with discharge. Hospitalization is indicated for children under 2 years of age due to the risk of sudden development of false croup with stenosis of the larynx and suffocation.
- Flu - a sudden rise in temperature up to 39ºС against the background of complete health, with pronounced soreness of muscles, joints, headache, severe weakness. The target organ of the influenza virus is the trachea: a strong persistent paroxysmal cough, up to pain in the intercostal muscles.
Common mistakes of parents in the treatment of children with acute respiratory infections
- The use of antipyretics lengthens the time the virus is excreted by the body and does not affect the duration of the fever. Do not give at temperatures below 38.5 ° C, and for those younger than 2 months - 38 ° C, as well as those with congenital heart defects and chronic diseases... Children are shown only paracetamol - containing antipyretics in suppositories or syrup - it is convenient to select the dose according to age, for example Nurofen, Efferalgan.
- It is strictly forbidden to give drugs to children under 12 years of age: Aspirin, Analgin, No-Shpa (Drotaverin).
- Paracetamol also has analgesic effects. On the one hand, it is good to relieve the child's suffering, but you cannot use it more than 4 times a day and longer than 3-4 days - so as not to miss the onset of possible complications: pneumonia, otitis media, bronchitis - they all require specific antibacterial treatment.
- You can not use antibiotics without the written permission of the doctor, independently choose how to treat acute respiratory infections with complications.
- At temperatures, you should not wrap up with blankets, wear warmer, even if you feel cold, which means an increase in temperature. It is important to organize such conditions so that heat transfer is carried out without hindrance, although with an increase in temperature this process is already disrupted. Do not aggravate or interfere with the body's fight.
- You can not use the so-called warming procedures - mustard plasters, compresses with Dimexidum, which, by the way, are forbidden to be used by children under 12 years old, banks, rubbing with elevated temperature body so as not to overheat, moreover, their effectiveness has not been proven.
- Ventilate the room as often as possible. The air is desirable rather cool than hot, moderately humid than dry - in order to facilitate breathing, and to prevent drying out of the mucous membranes - a barrier against secondary infections.
- If a sick child has a decreased appetite, force-feeding will not bring any benefit, since the production of digestive juices decreases, as a reaction to intoxication, hyperthermia. It is better to offer easily digestible food - omelet with milk, croutons with tea with lemon, chicken broth, yoghurts.
Immediate contact with a pediatrician
- ARI in children under 1 year old. Up to 2 years or even three years, it is advisable to see a pediatrician for colds.
- The temperature with acute respiratory infections in children on the 3rd day does not tend to decrease.
- The child sleeps for more than 12 hours and cannot be stirred up, he does not respond to the response.
- At the beginning or after a couple of days, any rash appeared on the body in order to exclude serious dangerous infections - rubella, measles, chickenpox.
- There are deposits on the arms, plaque - this is a danger of diphtheria.
- 1-2 days after the temperature dropped, there was no relief of well-being.
How is a runny nose treated?
It is important to create effective evacuation of mucus from the nose. A small child does not know how to blow snot into a handkerchief, but you can achieve cleansing the nose with saline solutions using a bottle with a spray nozzle. It is necessary to irrigate the nose, and not pour liquid into it. You cannot use all kinds of watering cans due to the anatomical features of the structure auditory tube and pharynx, mucus with water can get into the auditory canal, and rhinitis will be complicated by ear inflammation.
With a vasoconstrictor purpose, children's Nazivin is used as needed before bedtime.
Salt preparations: Aquamaris, Humer and others are used to treat acute respiratory infections in children.
What to do with a cough
Look at the throat first. If the child cannot open his mouth enough, use a spatula or the appropriate part of a clean teaspoon. Assess the condition of the arches, tonsils. The normal color is pink. For comparison, you need to look at the gums or inner side cheeks. Carefully inspect for deposits, deposits, films - everything that should not be there.
Purulent sore throat is manifested in a bright red color of loose arches with small dots, less than a match head, gray-yellow in color. Seeing something similar, you should immediately go to the doctor, upon confirmation, antibiotics will be prescribed.
Diphtheria - severe intoxication, lethargy of the child, refusal to eat and pronounced soreness when swallowing, gray films on the arches, when removed, the place of the mucous membrane bleeds.
Infectious mononucleosis - a bright red throat and tongue with a high temperature - up to 39 ° C, which lasts for several days without falling, and pronounced weakness, lethargy of the child.
Cough with acute respiratory infections from sore throat - short, frequent, intermittent, without expectoration and wheezing. Spray Orasept, lozenges will help: Lizobakt, Lizak.
ARI prevention measures
Prevention of acute respiratory infections in children should be comprehensive and constant, not only during the cold season - then it's too late. Preventing is cheaper than treating acute respiratory infections. And there is no risk of complications at all.
- Contrast douches - while bathing, alternate room water with warm water. Always start and end warm. The ratio of dousing time is 1:10, that is, 20 seconds cool and 2 minutes warm.
- Go out with your child for walks in any weather, every day. Even a 15 minute walk is better for your health than sitting in a warm, dry room.
- Feeding an infant with breast milk will significantly reduce the risk of acute respiratory infections in children under one year old.
- If the baby is 1-2 years old, you can also periodically feed breast milk.
The prognosis of acute respiratory infections for recovery is good, without residual effects on average, 2 weeks for preschoolers and a week for older children.
Despite the experience of mothers in treating colds, one should not abandon the expert opinion of a pediatrician.
We treat children's ORZ - video
SARS are the most common human diseases - up to 90% of all cases infectious diseases... Everyone gets sick with them - some more often, others less often, but that's all. In winter, more often (viruses are much more active at this time), less often in summer, but they still get sick.
The viruses that cause SARS infect so-called epithelial cells - the cells that cover the airways from the nose and throat to the lungs. There are a great many of these viruses, the most famous is influenza, but there are others - less famous, but no less nasty (parainfluenza, adenovirus, rhinovirus, reovirus, etc.).
In the external environment, viruses die quite quickly, but from person to person they are transmitted very easily - by airborne droplets. From the moment of infection until the first signs of the disease appear (this period is called the incubation period), it takes very little time - sometimes several hours, but, as a rule, no more than four days.
Any respiratory virus affects, as a rule, not all the respiratory tract, but a specific area. Even at this level, the selectivity of viruses can be traced. Rhinovirus - nasal mucosa, parainfluenza - larynx and trachea, flu - trachea and bronchi, etc.
The symptoms of ARVI are well known to everyone, if only because a person who has never had ARVI simply does not exist. At first, malaise, well, but an increase in body temperature, a runny nose and a cough do not make you wait long.
Knowing the signs of damage to a particular area respiratory tract, the doctor can not only make an accurate diagnosis (ie say not just "ARVI", but specifically "ARVI, bronchitis" or "ARVI, laryngotracheitis"), but also suggest which virus caused the real illness.
What are the features of the flu?
The main thing is the ability to change. Those. the virus can change its antigenic composition in the most fundamental way. And this leads to the fact that a very large number of people completely lack any immunity, but not immunity "in general", namely immunity to this new, previously unknown variant of the influenza virus.
Scientists identify three main types of influenza virus - A, B and C. The most fundamental differences are precisely the ability to change.
Flu symptoms are largely similar to those of other SARS. But, the tendency of the virus to primarily damage the mucous membranes of the trachea and bronchi leads to the fact that the severity of the disease with influenza, as a rule, is higher than with other acute respiratory viral infections. But there is not a single symptom that is possible with flu and impossible with another respiratory viral infection... It is clear that it is possible to assume the flu based on the examination of the patient only with varying degrees of probability.
Nevertheless, the fundamental feature of the flu can be expressed by the phrase "bad in general", that is, it is not something concrete that worries most of all - a runny nose, cough, sore throat, namely general symptoms: very high temperature, very severe chills, drowsiness, general weakness, and complete lack of appetite are very pronounced.
So, let's look at the explanatory dictionary:
COLD
1. The cooling that the body has undergone.
2. The disease caused by such cooling (colloquial).
The main conclusion from this definition is that colds, as a rule, have nothing to do with SARS. And in the nose, and in the pharynx, and in the bronchi there is a sufficient amount of microbes (not viruses, but bacteria) that cause diseases (all the same pharyngitis and tonsillitis), with a weakening of the body's defenses, which is facilitated by hypothermia, increased sweating, walking barefoot, excessive physical activity, drafts, cold water... And getting sick with ARVI means getting infected from an already sick person.
And now about how I treat all of the above in my children ...
The best treatment for all colds (let's put the above terms together in one word) is prevention. So, the morning for my 5-year-old daughter starts with a glass of warm water with honey and lemon juice. Honey has a lot of usefulness, while lemon is vitamin C. By the way, this drink awakens the appetite very well. In the autumn-winter period, an anaferon tablet also joins the drink. It can be replaced with arbidol, amiksin, amizon, (for older children). These drugs, as a prophylaxis against colds, are drunk one tablet per day on an empty stomach in the morning. I give aflubin to the youngest. This drug, as a prophylaxis, is taken three times a day for children under one year old, 1 drop, from one year to twelve - 5 drops. And so for a whole month. Then a month off.
If, nevertheless, the child did not resist the pressure of infection and the next morning woke up or came from the kindergarten snotty and with a temperature, I take the following measures:
1. Immunity. In the refrigerator I always have Viferon candles. They can be replaced by Laferobion, KIP-feron. I use them according to the instructions.
2. Fever. I knock down the temperature with Aflubin - for a child under one year old - 1-2 drops, for an older one - 5-8 drops every half hour for 2-3 hours. It is safer than any antipyretic drugs such as Nurofen, Panadol, etc.
3. Cough. If the baby has a cough, antitussive drugs are used - gedelix, span, herbion, ambroxol according to the instructions. All of them are based on plant extracts, so allergy sufferers need to be more careful with them. If the cough is dry and obsessive, you can give an antihistamine drug - erius, (syrup), fenistil, fenkalor, in extreme cases - ¼ loratadine tablet for a child under one year old, ½ tablet - for a child after one year old. If there is none of these drugs, you can give ¼ no-shpy pills to a child under one year old, ½ - after a year at night. This will relieve the spasm and allow the baby to sleep.
4. Runny nose. I drip a vasoconstrictor (nasivin, vibrocil, nasol-baby), rinse the nose with a solution sea \u200b\u200bsalt, (1 tsp in a glass of water) or sprinkle with aqua-maris, but-salt, etc., (now there are a great many preparations based on sea salt), then - half a cube of ektericide or a drop of protargol in each nostril three times in day. Protargol are drops that are made in pharmacies, so you may not find them in the first pharmacy you come across.
5. Well, first of all, drink plenty of water ...Compotes, dried fruit uzvars, "raisin" water, dogwood and rosehip infusion. And the more the better. It is necessary to "wash" the infection from the body. As for children under one year old, it is better to solder from a syringe - 2-5 cubes of liquid every 5-10 minutes. And do not force the baby to eat - do not burden his already overloaded body.
This is an approximate treatment regimen before the arrival of the district police officer. Unfortunately, acute respiratory infections are often complicated by a bacterial infection, such as sore throat or bronchitis, in which case antibiotics are indispensable. Therefore, a doctor's consultation is essential. And the doctor, depending on the severity of the disease, is already making his own adjustments.
Please note that all these recommendations are my personal experience, and not at all doctor's prescriptions for your child. Good health to you and your children!
ARI for babies is a serious danger. Often, after infections, they develop complications in the form of tonsillitis, bronchitis, otitis media, laryngeal edema and febrile convulsions provoked by fever. With frequent colds, diseases take on a chronic form.
Causes of ARI in children
The onset of frequent colds coincides with the beginning of a visit to kindergarten or preparatory groups. In the first years of a baby's life, his immunity is just being formed. And at this time, the body has to deal with bacteria and viruses, certain types of which lead to acute respiratory infections. Children raised in a team are much more likely to colds... In addition, diseases arise due to improper care of the baby by the parents.
Improper care causes ARI:
- Inadmissible overfeeding of the child. The liver and organs of the gastrointestinal tract are responsible for the state of the child's immune system. When overfeeding, the work of these organs is disrupted, and therefore, it becomes impossible for the normal formation of immune defense against bacteria and viruses. Children raised at home suffer from overnutrition much more often than in kindergarten, where the diet is controlled.
- Often, the cause of ARI in children is excessive wrapping. In addition, if you constantly wear too warm clothes on your child, the body's normal response to the environment will be disrupted. As a result, thermoregulation is lost, causing a cold that turns into acute respiratory infections.
- The body becomes vulnerable to pathogens due to the constant high temperature in the room. This microclimate leads to dry air. Drying of the mucous membranes in the mouth and nose occurs and, in this state, they no longer protect the body from infection.
In addition to visits to child care facilities and improper care, the causes of frequent acute respiratory infections can be chronic inflammatory diseases, a difficult environmental situation, the body's susceptibility to allergic reactions and the intake of drugs that can suppress immunity. The exact causes of frequent illnesses will be determined by the pediatrician during the examination of the child and on the basis of the examinations performed.
ARI symptoms
In acute respiratory diseases, the mucous membranes located in the upper respiratory tract are affected. This applies to the nose and paranasal sinuses, larynx and other organs located nearby. In accordance with this, with inflammation of the pharynx, the child develops pharyngitis, and if the larynx becomes inflamed, then laryngitis occurs.
The transmission of pathogens occurs by airborne droplets. Therefore, with reduced immunity, microorganisms are introduced into the mucous membrane, where they take root. Thus, the disease begins to develop. An additional provoking factor is adenoids and various types of chronic nasopharyngeal infections.
In the initial stage of ARI the temperature necessarily rises, which lasts for 3-5 days. At the same time, the characteristic signs of the affected upper respiratory tract appear, mucus appears, and the nose becomes blocked. Redness forms in the throat, coughing occurs. Intoxication of the body leads to headaches. As the disease progresses, the child feels lethargic. He becomes whiny, his appetite disappears. Additional symptoms include ear pain or eye inflammation.
Small children under one year old are much more difficult to tolerate the disease. They often vomit, loose stools, bloating, loss of appetite, and refusal to breastfeed.
Treatment of acute respiratory infections in children
Before starting treatment, it is necessary to establish an accurate diagnosis. Most parents are aware of the main symptoms of acute respiratory illness, such as coughing, sore throat, runny nose, sneezing and fever. But, not everyone knows that there are earlier signs of the disease. The child has disturbed sleep, he shows anxiety, often cries for no apparent reason. At this stage, children eat poorly or refuse food altogether.
The course of early therapy is carried out at home, without calling a doctor. For this, vitamin C, currant broth, and garlic salad are used. Often, timely treatment measures prevent further development of the disease.
If the disease progresses, it is necessary to call a doctor, since treatment in the form of compresses and mustard plasters no longer helps. Further uncontrolled home remedies can have serious consequences. The child may develop chronic foci of infection, diseases associated with the kidneys and the gastrointestinal tract.
Correct treatment of acute respiratory infections involves the mandatory implementation of the following measures:
- Strict compliance with all doctor's instructions in the treatment of acute respiratory infections.
- The temperature should not be brought down. When high temperature the body fights infection. This is due to the fact that the reproduction of many viruses and bacteria stops at temperatures exceeding 37-380. At the same time, the body begins to actively produce antibodies that neutralize the negative influence of microbes. Therefore, it is advisable to knock down the temperature when it exceeds 38.5 degrees.
- Ventilate the room with the patient as often as possible. In addition, there is a mandatory daily wet cleaning.
- If you need to bring down the temperature, it is better to use drugs based on paracetamol or ibuprofen. The use of antipyretic agents in conjunction with antibiotics is prohibited.
- When treating acute respiratory infections, exclude meat and milk from the diet, since they overload the stomach and liver. Because of this, there is a weakening of the immune system.
Prevention of acute respiratory infections in children
When carrying out preventive measures, the causes that often cause acute respiratory infections must be eliminated. If the child is often sick after attending preschool institutions, the question of the appropriateness of visiting them is considered. But, if acute respiratory infections are easily tolerated, it is better to leave the child in the team, provided that he has no signs of the disease.
- A baby of any age needs to be fed on demand. In no case should a child be forced to eat. It is also necessary to ensure that the liquid you drink is in sufficient quantity. Natural juices, compotes, mineral water and lightly brewed tea are suitable for this.
- Cut back on spicy or sugary exotic foods. The use of natural sweets is recommended.
- Maintain a microclimate in the apartment at 21 degrees. In winter, heating radiators dry the air, humidity is compensated by air humidifiers. The room is regularly ventilated.
- Carries out regular wet cleaning.
- Take constant walks on the street.
- Dress the child appropriately for the weather, without excessive wrapping. Be able to take off excess clothing when the child participates in outdoor games.
What is the difference between ARVI and ARI - Doctor Komarovsky
The main symptoms of acute respiratory infections:
- Discharge from the nose;
- Cough;
- Redness and swelling of the throat;
- Pain when swallowing;
- Headache and muscle pain;
- Weakness;
- Nervousness, irritability;
- Dizziness;
- Sore throat;
- Temperature increase;
- Restless sleep;
- Sweating;
- Impaired appetite;
- Sneezing.
ARI is dangerous because it quickly spreads through the mucous membranes, causing severe edema and tissue damage. Without proper treatment, the disease can take on a chronic form or give very serious complications: otitis media, pneumonia, sinusitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis. This means that in the future, the child will often suffer from nasal congestion, pain or sore throat.
Also, the danger of acute respiratory infections is that during illness, poisoning occurs with toxins that are produced by pathogenic organisms. Treatment can begin with taking Aflubin, Anaferon, Remantadin, Engistla, Gripphel.
Causative agents
First of all, it is necessary to exclude the presence of allergies, which can also be accompanied by a runny nose or fever.
If the child still has an acute respiratory disease, and not an allergic reaction, then it is necessary to establish the nature of the infection: bacterial or viral. As a rule, with viruses, nasal discharge is liquid and transparent, very abundant. With a bacterial infection, green or yellow, thick, opaque mucus builds up in the nose and throat, which makes breathing very difficult. 
First aid
If you notice that your child is starting to get sick, you need to urgently take action:
- Give a lot of warm drinks (tea, herbal tea, compote);
- Ventilate the bedroom, then eliminate drafts;
- Put the child to bed.
You should also introduce a sparing diet: cereals, soups, vegetable purees. These simple steps will help get rid of the disease if the immune system is strong, and the infection has just begun to develop. However, with a significant increase in temperature, intense coughing, profuse rhinitis, it is necessary to start drug treatment ARI in children.
In infants, nasal discharge is removed with a special device - an aspirator. These devices are sold in pharmacies.
It is impossible to use vasoconstrictors for the treatment of rhinitis in children. For treatment, special solutions for rinsing the nasal cavity are suitable: Aquamaris or Salin.
For the treatment of acute respiratory infections in infants, aggressive substances cannot be used: onion, lemon or garlic juices injure the mucous membranes and promote the spread of infection. Aloe juice and honey solution are also not suitable - they can become a breeding ground for disease-causing bacteria.
In case of perspiration or a weak cough, you can rinse with warm decoctions of herbs: mint, calendula, chamomile, lemon balm. Antitussive drugs are prescribed only for intense, painful coughing up to vomiting. Lemon should not be given - it only irritates the tissues, but does not fight the infection. If there is a cough with phlegm, then mucolytics and expectorant drugs must be administered. Also, special pharmacy chest fees for coughs are effective.
Fever or pain
It is possible to bring down the fever only if it exceeds 38 degrees or there is confusion of consciousness, convulsions.
You can use only children's paracetamol, which comes in the form of tablets, syrup with a pleasant taste or suppositories. Paracetamol will help reduce fever and relieve the child from severe headaches.
At elevated temperatures, you can also apply cool compresses to your forehead. As a basis for the compress, you can use plain water, lemon balm or mint decoctions. You can also add a few drops of essential oils to the water for the compress: spruce, cedar, juniper, bergamot, eucalyptus, mint. Esters give a pleasant coolness, and their aroma is soothing.
What cannot be done?
- With acute respiratory infections, rubbing with vodka should not be carried out - they cause intoxication in children, especially babies;
- A child should be fed only at his request, it is not necessary to force him to eat;
- The menu should not include fatty, dairy, spicy, smoked products;
- You should not "feed" citrus fruits - this can provoke allergies;
- You do not need to put mustard plasters or cans, apply burning plasters.